Holographic formation and diffractive properties of hybrid periodic structures.

The paper presents formation processes and diffraction properties of hybrid periodic structures such as volume gratings with refractive index modulation, on the surface of which relief gratings are formed. It is shown experimentally that relief gratings with significant diffraction properties in used photopolymer materials are formed in a narrow range of exposure parameters. It is established that the formation of a relief grating on the surface of a volume grating leads to significant changes in the selective properties of structures. We also consider possible applications of hybrid structures.

Body temperature and tumor virus infection. I. Tumorogenicity of Rous sarcoma virus for reptiles.

Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) was oncogenic for the following nine species of reptiles representing 6 families from Chelonia and Squamata orders: family of Testudinidae: 1. Testudo horsfieldi, family Agamidae: 2. Agama sanguinolenta; 3. Agama erythrogastra, family Lacertidae: 4. Eremias persica; 5. Eremias velox; 6. Eremias grammica, family Scincidae: 7. Eumeces taeniolatus, family Boidea: 8. Erix tataricus, 9. Ancistrodom blomhoffi. RSV did not induce tumors in 13 studied species of reptiles. Histologically 26 reptile tumors studied were polymorphous sarcomas with spindle-shaped (fibroblast-like), round and polygonal macrophage-like cells and sometimes peculiar giant polynuclear cells. Chromosomal analysis showed that reptile tumors arose out of reptile cells. RSV was pathogenic for adult reptiles. Reptile tumors did not contain a mature infectious virus. The tumors of 2 snakes were virogenic. The effect of increased temperature at the body level on the transformation of a symptomless viral infection into a viral disease is discussed in the evolutionary aspect.

[A peculiarity in the humoral immunity of BALB/C mice with Rauscher leukemia]. / Svoeobrazie gumoral'nogo immuniteta u myshei BALB/C s leikozom Raushera

There proved to be an increase in B-lymphocyte count (associated with increased synthesis of nonspecific immunoglobulins) in BALB/C mice highly sensitive to Rausher virus, after the administration of a relatively low dose of the virus. After the administration of the virus in combination with complete Freund's adjuvant in the spleen of mice, at the early periods of development of the disease, there were present normal cells synthesizing antibodies against the surface antigen of Rausher leukemia and leukemic cells with blocking antibodies adsorbed on their surface.