RESUMO
Hearing deteriorates with age. ISO 7029 (2000) presents data on hearing threshold as a function of sex and age up to 70 years. There is a need for an extension of these data beyond 70 years. There is also a need for testing the central component of hearing in the elderly. A test protocol was established, and groups of subjects aged 60 to > or = 90 were selected. After a questionnaire and an ear examination, the following tests were performed: air-conduction pure-tone audiometry in the frequency range of 125-16 kHz, tympanometry, speech recognition score in quiet conditions, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE) and cognitive cortical evoked potentials (MMN, P300, N400). Preliminary tests showed the expected age-related reduced hearing sensitivity as seen from the pure-tone audiograms, a lower speech recognition score in the oldest subjects, lack of TEOAE and poor cognitive responses in the elderly. Statistical data will be developed based on the complete material of around 400 subjects.
Assuntos
Transtornos da Audição , Emissões Otoacústicas Espontâneas/fisiologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Transtornos da Audição/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Audição/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Audição/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
DFNA10 originally was mapped to the long arm of chromosome 6 in a large American family segregating for autosomal dominant progressive nonsyndromic hearing impairment. By extending this American family, we have reduced the original DFNA10 candidate region from 13 cM to 3.7 cM. We also report a Belgian family with autosomal dominant nonsyndromic hearing impairment linked to DFNA10 and a Norwegian family with the same condition in which linkage is suggestive, although maximum lod scores are only 2.5. The hearing phenotype in all three DFNA10 families is similar, with losses beginning in the middle frequencies and involving the low and high frequencies later in life.
Assuntos
Surdez/genética , Ligação Genética , Audiometria , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Cromossomos Humanos Par 6 , Etiquetas de Sequências Expressas , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Marcadores Genéticos , Haplótipos , Humanos , Escore Lod , Masculino , Linhagem , FenótipoRESUMO
This study describes infant feeding practices over the first year of life for 294 medically indigent, inner city mothers. These findings highlight the need for interventions to improve infant feeding knowledge and practices throughout the first year of life. Nutritional problems identified included low rates of breast-feeding; early introduction of solid food, especially cereal in the bottle; and excessive use of foods that are high in sugar.
Assuntos
Comportamento Alimentar/etnologia , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Pobreza , Adolescente , Adulto , Negro ou Afro-Americano , Feminino , Hispânico ou Latino , Humanos , Lactente , Mães , Inquéritos Nutricionais , População UrbanaRESUMO
Pure-tone air-conduction audiometry has been performed in three groups of children and youngsters aged 10, 14 and 18 years old. The complete frequency range of 0.125 to 20 kHz was measured, and number of different questions were raised. Firstly, the hearing threshold in the conventional frequency range was compared to the international standard ISO 389. Significant differences from ISO zero were found for all groups and at all frequencies of 0.125 to 8 kHz. Secondly, possible noise damage, shown as dips in the audiograms at 3, 4 or 6 kHz was examined; and thirdly, high-frequency (8-20 kHz) sensitivity between groups was compared. Only a few audiograms, the majority being in the youngest age group, were found to be a result of possible noise damage, and in the extra-high-frequency range, a systematic decrease in sensitivity was found for the two older groups compared to the 10-year-old children at frequencies higher than 14 kHz.
Assuntos
Audiometria de Tons Puros , Limiar Auditivo , Audição , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Feminino , Perda Auditiva de Alta Frequência/diagnóstico , Perda Auditiva Provocada por Ruído/diagnóstico , Humanos , Masculino , Valores de Referência , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
The differential diagnosis and the duration of symptoms are presented for a group of 288 patients encountered over a ten-year period with a mass in the region of the neck behind and below the angle of the mandible. While infections constituted the largest aetiological group (48.3 per cent), 109 cases (37.9 per cent) had some form of neoplasia, with malignancy being found in 48 (16.6 per cent). The duration of symptoms varied widely, only the acute infections having an acceptably short delay prior to hospital admission. The mean symptom duration for all the neoplastic cases was in excess of five months.
Assuntos
Cistos/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/diagnóstico , Linfadenite/diagnóstico , Doença Aguda , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Mononucleose Infecciosa/diagnóstico , Pescoço , Sialadenite/diagnóstico , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Two cases are presented by a rarely reported cause of a supraclavicular mass in the neck of young children. Benign lipoblastomatosis has usually been confused clinically with cystic hygroma. The literature is reviewed and the histological differential diagnosis discussed.