Sensitivity and Specificity of Ultrasonography Using Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System Classification Versus Pathology Findings for Ovarian Cancer.

Background One of the limiting factors for early diagnosis of ovarian neoplasms is the lack of standardized terminology for ultrasound. The Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System (O-RADS) classification aimed to reduce variability between observers and facilitate communication with attending physicians. Recent studies show that O-RADS has higher sensitivity (96.8%) and specificity (92.8%) compared to other classifications. However, to date, there are no reports on O-RADS correlation with pathology findings. Objectives To determine sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound, as a tool for detecting malignant ovarian neoplasms, using the O-RADS compared to pathology reports. Materials and methods We evaluated 73 transvaginal ultrasound records with adnexal masses and applied the O-RADS system. Then, we compared against definitive histopathology diagnosis. We calculated sensitivity and specificity using SPSS. Results O-RADS sensitivity for detection of ovarian cancer was 52%, with a specificity of 84%, negative predictive value of 79%, and positive predictive value of 60%, with an accuracy of 73%. Conclusions In our study, O-RADS classification yielded a higher specificity than sensitivity for malignant vs. benign findings. Hence, we propose that this classification could be useful for tailoring treatment appropriately. O-RADS 0 to 2 may benefit from conservative treatment while O-RADS 3 to 5 may require surgical treatment.

Sensitivity and Specificity of Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Bone Mineral Density in Mexican Patients with Breast Cancer.

Introduction Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently reported cancer among women - reported in 2012 as 25% of all cancers. BC has been related to the increased life and activity of osteoclasts, conferring a higher risk for osteoporosis/osteopenia. This study aimed to determine a cut-off point in Hounsfield units (HU) as well as the sensitivity and specificity of computed axial tomography (CT) in the diagnosis of osteoporosis/osteopenia in Mexican women with BC. Material and methods We included 108 patients with a histopathological diagnosis of BC treated at the ABC Medical Center in Mexico City. All patients were subjected to both dual X-ray densitometry and CT. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to identify the cutoff point and sensitivity and specificity were calculated, as were confidence intervals for the diagnoses of osteoporosis/osteopenia. Results The mean age was 58.49 ± 11.01 years. The cutoff point with the highest sensitivity (82%) and specificity (68%) was <157 HU for osteoporosis/osteopenia in patients with BC. Conclusions Women with BC are exposed to several risk factors for osteoporosis/osteopenia. The CT obtained for the general evaluation of these patients can also be used to evaluate bone mineral density, avoiding additional examinations and exposure to radiation, as well as the cost it confers, offering an earlier diagnosis of osteoporosis/osteopenia for its control.