Reproducción facial experimental / Experimental facial reproduction

Este trabajo describe la realización de una reproducción facial experimental en el marco de un curso práctico en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Católica del Uruguay. Dentro de los muchos objetivos se destacan: el objetivo didáctico y académico, el testeo del método empleado y la pericia de los operadores.Para la realización de la misma se cuenta con una cabeza ósea que tenía sus partes blandas momificadas y a la que se le tomaron registrosfotográficos previos para la posterior comparación. Una vez limpio el cráneo se procede a la realización de la reproducción facial empleando una técnica de modelado de las partes blandas, usando topes de goma según medidas obtenidas en las tablas de Stewart y material plástico para el relleno de las mismas. Es de destacar que los operadores no tenían experiencia previa ni conocían el material fotográfico testigo. Una vez finalizada la misma se compara con la fotografía del cadáver y se constata un aceptable parecido entre ambos.Esta reproducción facial experimental pone en manifiesto, una vez más, la utilidad que puede tener esta técnica de acercamiento a una identificación positiva y que la misma puede y debe ser utilizada cuando han fracasado todas las otras técnicas de cetreza conocidas.

This paper describes the realization of experimental facial reproduction within a workshop at the School of Dentistry, Catholic University of Uruguay. Among the many objectives are: the learning objective and academic testing of the method used and the skill of the operators. For the realization of the same will have a bone head was mummified soft parts and it were taken prior photographic records for subsequent comparison. After cleaning the skull comes to performing facial reproduction using a modeling technique of soft tissues, using rubber stoppers as measurements obtained in Stewart tables and plastic to fill them. It is noteworthy that the operators had no previous experience or witness knew the photographic material. Once it is compared with the photograph of the corpse and finds an acceptableresemblance between the two.This experimental facial reproduction starts demonstrated once again the usefulness of this technique can have a positive identification approach and that it can and should be used when they have failed all other known certainly techniques.

Victim of a dictatorial regime: identification of Mr. Roberto Gomensoro Josman.

Forensic cases are ideal to test osteological techniques developed by physical anthropologists. Forensic anthropology is a scientific discipline that applies population-based standards to individual skeletal remains. Many complex techniques are used in an attempt to make a positive identification. Several of these techniques, specifically digital video superimposition and DNA, were used to identify the victim in this case. The purpose of this paper is to describe anthropological techniques used to identify the remains of an unknown person who was later identified as Mr. Roberto Gomensoro Josman, the victim of a Uruguayan dictatorial regime. Mr. Gomensoro Josman disappeared after authorities of the Uruguayan dictatorial government (1973-1984) arrested him. Six days later an unknown body was found floating in Lake Rincon del Bonete. The corpse was found tied with wire and weighted with three large stones used to keep the body submerged. An autopsy was performed and the body was buried as an unknown person in the grave identified as number 10936 of Tacuarembo Cemetery. On December 2002 the Peace and Justice Service asked the local judge to authorize the exhumation of the remains. The exhumed body was headless. An investigation revealed that the local medical examiner who had autopsied the remains on March 1973 had retained the victim's skull in his office. Osteological analysis indicated the victim was a white male in his 20s. Four good quality photographs of Mr. Gomensoro who was known to be missing were compared with the skull. To confirm the identification from the video a DNA analysis was carried out comparing the victim with relatives. DNA typing confirmed the results of the earlier identification.