Hemodialysis access.

The number of patients requiring dialysis is increasing, in particular those patients over the age of 75. The arteriovenous fistula is the preferred access for hemodialysis due to fewer complications and decreased mortality. Access complications are common and require early recognition and treatment. Postoperative access surveillance is important to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment of access-related complications. There is a continued need for high-quality data to assist in determining the best access for each patient.