A narrative review of research progress on the relationship between hypoxia-inducible factor-2α and wound angiogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: This article aims to pay attention to the latest research on the expression, activation and function of hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) under hypoxia and non-hypoxia conditions, and summarizes the current knowledge about the interaction between hypoxia-inducible factor-2 and angiogenesis, hoping to understand its actions in physiology and disease, with the goal of providing a new strategy for the diagnosis and treatment of wounds. BACKGROUND: Wound healing is a complex and continuous process, involving coagulation, inflammation, angiogenesis, new tissue formation and extracellular matrix remodeling. Of these, angiogenesis is an essential step. One of the main reasons for non-healing or delayed healing of wounds in peripheral vascular diseases and diabetes is the reduced ability to regenerate microvessels through the process of angiogenesis, which has become the focus of new methods for treating chronic wounds. HIF-2α regulates many aspects of angiogenesis, including vascular maturation, cell migration, proliferation and metastasis. METHODS: Throughout extensive search of PubMed, summarize the medical research on HIF-2α to 2020. CONCLUSIONS: HIF-2α is necessary for normal embryonic development by stimulating the expression of angiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It is essential for the formation of new blood vessels in physiological and pathophysiological environments. Targeting HIF-2α in wound healing has much clinical significance for tissue repair.

A multi-technique approach for the quantification of Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905 biomass during high algae-laden periods.

A pronounced dominance of toxic cyanobacteria has been found in eutrophic water bodies, with Microcystis being a common species. Although toxic cyanobacteria are commonly described worldwide, few recent papers on the sensitive and effective quantification of cyanobacteria have been published. In this paper, a multi-technique approach was applied by the use of cell density counting, cell viability testing, chlorophyll a determination, microcystin monitoring and gene extraction techniques to quantitatively analyse the cyanobacterial biomass of Microcystis aeruginosa FACHB-905. The entire dataset was used to examine the relationships between these indices. Results showed that, for 10(7) viable cells in the experimental conditions, the contents of chlorophyll a, microcystin-LR and total genes (16S rDNA) averaged 2.65 microg, 0.61 microg and 0.79 microg, respectively. For different cell viability proportions in the same particular phase of growth, it is easy to obtain the respective amount of viable cells and inactive cells and their measurable indices when any one of the three indices, chlorophyll a, DNA or microcystin-LR, is measured. This study provides a new perspective and method for determining multiple indices of toxic cyanobacteria during the same conditions and phases.