[Bone conduction in tympanosclerosis patients and its changes after surgery for tympanosclerosis].

Objective:To investigate the bone conduction (BC) in tympanosclerosis patients and its changes after surgery for tympanosclerosis, as well as its possible causes.Method:Retrospectively analyzed 30 cases of tympanosclerosis patients.Result:Before surgery, the average BC of the operated ear was (21.06±8.88) dBHL, the average BC of the healthy side was (16.78±8.97) dBHL, the difference had a statistical significance (t= 3.072, P< 0.01). The BC threshold, air conduction (AC) and ABG were significantly lower after operation. Preoperative BC at 2 000 Hz was the highest threshold (25.17±10.95) dBHL, and the postoperative decrease of BC thresholds at 500 Hz, 1 000 Hz and 2 000 Hz were statistically significant (P< 0.05 or P< 0.01). Tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy for BC threshold improvement was better than only tympanoplasty (P< 0.05)Conclusion:Tympanosclerosis leads to elevated BC threshold. Removal of tympanosclerosis lesions together with the removal of the lesions in antrum and mastoid and the reconstruction of sound conduction structures not only improve AC hearing and shorten ABG, but also improve postoperative BC hearing significantly.

Mobile connected dermatoscope and confocal laser scanning microscope: a useful combination applied in facial simple sensitive skin.

Little is known as the effects of mobile connected dermatoscope services on diagnostic accuracy for sensitive skin. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) can non-invasively measure the thickness of epidermis. Combination of the two devices to observe sensitive skin may receive unexpected effects. To evaluate the application effect on sensitive skin with the combination of Handyscope and confocal laser scanning microscope. Twenty simple sensitive-skinned patients and 20 volunteers participated in the study. Cheek, typically, dermoscopic images were obtained from patients, and the changes in the skin texture were observed. Their epidermis thicknesses as well as the volunteers' were measured so that the thicknesses of the two groups were compared. Dermoscopic pictures of the skin texture obviously showed that dilated capillaries looked like earthworms with pigmented patches more or less floating above, and skin roughness as well as deepened dermatoglyph were also conspicuously present in some patients. The mean epidermal thickness of the patients was 79.01 µm and the volunteers' was 85.78 µm. The difference between the two groups reached 6.77 µm. There was a statistical significance (P = 0.001). Mobile connected dermatoscope and confocal laser scanning microscope might be the choice for simple sensitive skin investigation.

Reconstruction of the external genitals and repair of skin defects of the perineal region using three types of lateral groin flap.

Three types of lateral groin flap have been applied to reconstruct the external genitals and to repair skin defects in the perineal region. A single lateral groin flap was used to construct a vagina for 2 patients who had congenital absence of vagina. A composite flap containing iliac crest bone was applied to reconstruct the penis in 11 patients: 8 suffered traumatic amputation and 3 had congenital micropenis. A coaxial pedicle flap of the lateral groin and abdominal area was used to repair skin defects of the penis and scrotum after resection of the elephantiasis caused by recurrent erysipelas in 2 patients, and to relieve postburn scar contracture in the perineal region in another. Using this operative technique, 14 flaps survived completely with satisfactory results; 70% of one composite flap was lost as a result of hematoma. In the single-flap group, the distal portion (3 x 5 cm) of one flap necrosed and was resected and resurfaced with a free skin graft; the final result was good.