Choroidal area assessment in various fundus sectors of patients at different stages of primary open-angle glaucoma by using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography.

To compare the choroidal area in different eye fundus sectors of subjects with normal eyes, early-stage primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) eyes, and 10° tubular visual field POAG eyes using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography.Twenty-five normal, 25 early-stage POAG, and 25 ten-degree tubular visual field POAG eyes were recruited. Enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography was used to measure the choroidal area in different fundus sectors (fovea; 10° superior, inferior, temporal, and 24° superior, inferior, temporal, nasal to the fovea) and the peripapillary sector.There were neither significant differences in the choroidal area at any of the 8 measured fundus sectors, nor significant differences in the percentage change between the choroidal area of the fovea and other 7 measured fundus sectors among the 3 groups (all P > 0.05). For the total peripapillary choroidal area, no significant difference was found among the 3 groups (P > 0.05); however, the temporal peripapillary choroidal area of 10° tubular visual field POAG eyes was significantly thicker than that of normal eyes (4,46,213 ±â€Š1,16,267 vs 3,74,164 ±â€Š1,21,658 µm; P = 0.048).Our study showed that there was no significant difference in the choroidal area of the 8 measured fundus sectors among normal, early-stage POAG, and 10° tubular visual field POAG eyes, suggesting that there might be no blood redistribution from the peripheral choroid to the subfoveal choroid. However, the thicker temporal peripapillary choroidal area might play a role in the central visual acuity protection in patients with POAG.

Autologous sclera-muscle flaps technique in evisceration with hydroxyapatite implantation.

AIM: To provide superior cosmetic results and reduce complications, unlike traditional evisceration coupled with implant insertion technique and its modifications, we have developed a novel and simple technique for anophthalmic patients. METHODS: All patients who underwent the scleral-muscle flaps procedure in evisceration with the placement of hydroxyapatite implant were included in the study. Main outcome measures were complications such as exposure, infection, chemosis, conjunctival inclusion cysts, granulomas. Meanwhile, implant motility was indirectly measured and the results were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of twenty-eight patients were enrolled in the study. Eighteen were men (64.29%) and ten were women (35.71%). Ages ranged from 18 to 65y (mean age, 32 years old). Mean follow-up was 12.32mo (range, 9-16mo). All patients received a hydroxyapatite implant. The average diameter of the implant was 19.29±1.36 mm (range, 18-22 mm). Minor complications occurred in 3 patients, and a major complication was observed in 1 patient. Mean motility were 11.04±1.45 mm horizontally (range, 7-14 mm) and 8.57±1.50 mm vertically (range, 5-12 mm). CONCLUSION: The sclera-muscle flaps technique in evisceration with hydroxyapatite implantation is simple and practical that eases the surgical procedure, enables a proper size hydroxyapatite implantation, distinctively reduces complications and provides superior surgery results, especially the motility of the implant.

Ocular biometry in the adult population in rural central China: a population-based, cross-sectional study.

AIM: To describe the distribution and determinants of ocular biometric parameters and to ascertain the relative importance of these determinants in a large population of adults in rural central China. METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study performed in rural central China included 1721 participants aged 40 or more years. Ocular biometrical parameters including axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), radius of corneal curvature (K) and horizontal corneal diameter [white-to-white (WTW) distance] were measured using non-contact partial coherence interferometry [intraocular lens (IOL)-Master]. RESULTS: Ocular biometric data on 1721 participants with a average age of 57.0±8.7y were analyzed at last. The general mean AL, ACD, mean corneal curvature radius (MCR), WTW were 22.80±1.12, 2.96±0.36, 7.56±0.26 and 11.75±0.40 mm, respectively. The mean values of each parameter in 40 to 49, 50 to 59, 60 to 69, and 70 to 91 years age groups were as follows: AL, 22.77±0.87, 22.76±1.06, 22.89±1.41, 22.92±0.80 mm; ACD, 3.10±0.32, 2.98±0.34, 2.86±0.36, 2.77±0.35 mm; MCR, 7.58±0.25, 7.54±0.26, 7.55±0.26, 7.49±0.28 mm; WTW, 11.79±0.38, 11.75±0.40, 11.72±0.41, 11.67±0.41 mm. The AL, ACD, MCR and WTW were correlated with age and the AL was correlated with height and weight. CONCLUSION: Our findings can serve as an important normative reference for multiple purposes and may help to improve the quality of rural eye care.

[Expression of osteonectin in lens epithelium cells in age-related cataract].

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of osteonectin (also called secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, SPARC) in the lens epithelium cells in cortex cataract and nucleus cataract. METHOD: This is an experimental research. Forty-five capsulotomy specimens were obtained from 33 patients suffered form pure cortex or/and nucleus cataracts and classified as nucleus group and cortex group, between May to July of 2010. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the SPARC, which was analyzed by gray value. TUNEL was used to examine the apoptosis of lens epithelium cell. The difference of SPARC expression and apoptosis rate between these two groups was analyzed by LSD-t. RESULTS: Twenty specimens were studied with immunohistochemistry (C/N = 8/12), and 25 specimens studied by TUNEL test (C/N = 9/16). Expression of SPARC in the cortex group was significantly less than that in the nucleus group (peripheral region: t = 2.827, P < 0.05; central region: t = 2.264, P < 0.05). Expression of SPARC in the central region was significantly less than that in the peripheral region (peripheral region: t = 3.473, P < 0.05; central region: t = 2.771, P < 0.05). Apoptosis rate in the nucleus group was significantly lower than the cortex group (nucleus group: t = 2.364, P < 0.05; cortex group: t = 2.723, P < 0.05). Apoptosis rate in peripheral region was significantly less than that in central region (nucleus group: t = 2.771, P < 0.05; cortex group: t = 2.473, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The expression of SPARC is different between nucleus cataract and cortex cataract and also different between central and peripheral regions. The expression of SPARC is related with apoptosis of lens capsule epithelium cells.

Effectiveness of amniotic membrane transplantation combined with mitomycin C in the treatment of pterygium: a meta-analysis.

AIM: To evaluate the recurrence rate and safety of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) augmented with mitomycin C (MMC) compared with amniotic membrane transplantation alone during the pterygium excision. METHODS: We took a meta-analysis on this program. Pertinent studies were selected through extensive searches of the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CBMdisc, CNKI. Pooled estimates were carried out in RevMan software v.4.2. RESULTS: Six trials reported postoperative recurrence rate of pterygium, included 882 eyes, three trials reported the complications. The results of meta-analysis showed that recurrence rate of AMT plus MMC group was 5.41%, AMT alone group was 16.89%, RR was 0.32, 95%CI ranged from 0.19 to 0.56, Z was 4.06, P<0.001. Two trials reported early complication as punctata keratitis, the incidence rate of AMT plus MMC group and AMT alone group were 17.14% and 0.00%, RR was 12.11, 95%CI ranged from 1.62 to 90.76. CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane transplantation with MMC was associated with lower recurrence rate compared with amniotic membrane transplantation alone in pterygium excision, whether accompanied a higher risk with adverse events need more investigation.