The relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction, career adaptability and career construction in nursing students: A career construction theory perspective.

AIM: To determine (i) the relationship between basic psychological needs satisfaction (competence, relatedness and autonomy), career adaptability and career construction, (ii) the role of career adaptability in this relationship and (iii) the variables that predict career construction in nursing students. BACKGROUND: Career Construction Theory, which predicts that appropriate career behaviour, facilitated by individual characteristics, promotes a person's career outcomes, has not yet been tested in nursing students. DESIGN: Cross-sectional and correlational design. METHODS: A total of 536 students who were reached through a snowball sampling method among nursing students in the 2022-2023 academic year in Türkiye constituted the sample of the study. Data were collected online using the Student Information Form, the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction Scale, Career Adapt-Abilities Scale-Short Form and the Student Career Construction Inventory. Data analysis was performed using Model 4 in Hayes' PROCESS Macro and hierarchical linear regression. RESULTS: Autonomy, competence and relatedness were found to have a direct significant effect on career adaptability and overall career construction score (p<.001). Career adaptability was found to have a partial mediating role in the effect of autonomy, competence and relatedness on overall career construction score (p<.001). When examining the predictor variables for the career construction score, it was found that some variables, such as not having willingly chosen the nursing profession, had a negative effect, while a positive effect was found in the need for competence from the basic psychological needs satisfaction subscales and concern and confidence from the career adaptability subscales (p<.05). CONCLUSIONS: Nursing educators should ensure that nursing students receive career counseling during their education according to Career Construction Theory to make effective career decisions by allowing them to self-identify and self-discover. Accordingly, career guidance, career education and career counseling initiatives can be implemented in accordance with students' needs.

Relationship between care dependency, adverse events, trust in nurses and satisfaction with care: The mediating role of patient-reported missed care.

AIM: The aim of the study was to investigate the mediating effect of patient-reported missed care in the relationship between care dependency, adverse events, trust in nurses and satisfaction with nursing care. DESIGN: A cross-sectional and correlational study. METHODS: A total of 374 patients were recruited from the medical and surgical inpatient units of two public university hospitals in Türkiye using a convenience sampling method from May to August 2022. The data were collected using the Care Dependency Scale, MISSCARE Survey-Patient, Trust in Nurses Scale and Newcastle Satisfaction with Nursing Care Scale. The relationships between the variables were analysed using a sequential mediation model (Model 6) in Hayes' PROCESS macro. RESULTS: Care dependency was found to have a significant negative effect on misscare-communication; however, it had no significant effect on misscare-basic care. Misscare-communication had a significant positive effect on the experience of adverse events, while misscare-basic care had no significant effect. Misscare-communication and basic care had a significant negative effect on trust in nurses and satisfaction with nursing care. Misscare-communication was found to have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between care dependency and experiencing adverse events, trust in nurses and satisfaction with nursing care. CONCLUSION: The results emphasize the importance of misscare-basic care, communication and patients' care dependency in improving patient outcomes such as experiencing adverse events, trust in nurses and satisfaction with nursing care, and they extend existing nursing studies by addressing missed care and care dependency together from the perspective of patients. IMPACT: We urge nurse managers to consider the role of misscare in the impact of patients' level of care dependency on patient outcomes. Accordingly, nurse managers should focus first on interventions to eliminate misscare-communication. Effective interventions to address factors that impact communication and fulfilment of basic care are necessary to achieve better patient outcomes. REPORTING METHOD: EQUATOR guidelines were followed using the STROBE reporting method. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution. Patients only contributed to data collection. Data were obtained from patients hospitalized in the medical and surgical inpatient units of two public university hospitals.

Turkish Version of the Perceived Future Decent Work Securement Scale: Validity and Reliability for Nursing Students.

Background: The aim of the study was to test the validity and reliability of the Perceived Future Decent Work Securement Scale for Turkish nursing students. Methods: A cross-sectional, methodological study design was used. The study was carried out at three nursing undergraduate programs in Turkey during the academic year of 2020-2021 with 336 senior nursing students. Language validity and content validity analyses were performed for the scale adaptation, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for construct validity. The reliability of the scale was determined using the test-retest and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient. Results: The scale-content validity index score was 0.988. In CFA, all goodness-of-fit indices verified the acceptable fit of the model; its root mean square error of approximation was 0.076; the normed fit index was 0.909; the standardized mean square residual was 0.097; the relative fit index was 0.881; the goodness-of-fit index was 0.915; the adjusted goodness-of-fit index was 0.872 and χ2/df = 2.932. The overall reliability was α = 0.86. The item-total correlations of the scale were above the acceptable level, and the test-retest analysis had a high correlation. The access to healthcare (14.68, SD 3.53) obtained the highest average score, and the adequate compensation (8.52, SD 3.76) was the lowest rated by the senior nursing students. Conclusion: The Perceived Future Decent Work Securement Scale is a valid and reliable scale to assess nursing students' future decent work securement.

Relationship between Structural Empowerment and Nurse and Patient-Reported Outcomes: The Mediating Role of Control over Nursing Practices.

Practices that strengthen nurse work environments and enable them to have control over nursing practices have gained importance in recent years as they increase nurses' retention and patient care quality. This study aimed to examine the relationships between structural empowerment and nurse and patient-reported outcomes and the mediating role of control over nursing practices in these relationships. This correlational and cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2018 to May 2019 at two public hospitals in Turkey. We recruited staff nurses (n = 319) working in the inpatient units of these hospitals and their patients (n = 319). Data were collected using self-report measures from staff nurses and patients. It was determined that structural empowerment and control over nursing practices had a positive relationship with job satisfaction and nursing care quality, as well as a negative relationship with intention to turnover; however, there was no relationship with patient-reported outcomes. Control over nursing practices partially mediated the relationship between structural empowerment and outcomes of job satisfaction and nursing care quality. This study indicates that promoting the structural empowerment of nurses and ensuring that they have control over practice will increase job satisfaction and quality of care. Nurse managers can increase nurses' job satisfaction and quality of care by creating supportive work environments and ensuring they have control over nursing practices.

Decent work in nursing: Relationship between nursing work environment, job satisfaction, and physical and mental health.

AIM: To examine the relationship between nursing work environment, nurses' perception of decent work, job satisfaction, and physical and mental health. BACKGROUND: According to the psychology of working theory, work-related and overall well-being levels of employees with decent work increase as their basic needs are met. METHODS: This study was conducted as a cross-sectional, correlational study. The study sample consisted of 311 nurses working in two hospitals in a province of Turkey. The participants were selected using convenience sampling method. The model of the research was analyzed using structural equation modeling. This study was reported using the STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies. RESULTS: The four dimensions of the nursing work environment were found to have a significant relationship with decent work. Decent work was found to have a direct relationship with physical and mental health. It had an indirect relationship between three subscales of work environment and physical and mental health, however, decent work had no significant relationship with job satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study indicated the role of decent work environment and its relationship with nurses' physical and mental health. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: Nurse managers, policy makers, and decision-makers at all levels should improve nursing work environment and working conditions.

Professional and psychological perceptions of emergency nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.

AIM: To explore the changing roles and responsibilities, difficulties, feelings, and coping strategies of emergency nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This study was conducted as a qualitative study using a phenomenological approach. A total of 12 emergency nurses were recruited using purposive sampling from a COVID-19-designated hospital in Konya, Turkey for qualitative study. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews in January 2021. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method with the MAXQDA 2020 software program. The study conforms to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research checklist. RESULTS: Four theme categories emerged from the data analysis: (a) "Increasing roles and responsibilities as an emergency nurse"; (b) "Difficulties of working in pandemic conditions"; (c) "Emotional responses in the pandemic"; and (d) "Strategies for coping with the effects of the pandemic". In this study, it was determined that emergency nurses had increased roles and responsibilities due to physicians being in the background, fulfilled their roles and responsibilities in a chaotic working environment, experienced many positive and negative feelings together or gradually, and applied individual coping strategies. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that emergency nurses fulfilled their increasing roles and responsibilities on the frontlines in a chaotic working environment during the pandemic. Despite many negative feelings, it was determined that they tried to show psychological adjustment and resilience with a strong professional commitment and social support.

Antecedents and Outcomes of Nurses' Subjective Career Success: A Path Analysis.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to test the hypothesis model showing the relationship between nurses' individual and working characteristics, nursing work environment, subjective career success, job satisfaction, intent to leave, and professional commitment. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional and correlational design was utilized for the study. The study sample consisted of 604 nurses working in four hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey. Data were collected using the Nurse Information Form, Subjective Career Success Inventory, Practice Work Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, Job Satisfaction Global Item, Intent to Leave Subscale, and Professional Commitment Scale. Data were analyzed using descriptive and correlation analysis, and the hypothesis model was tested using structural equation modeling. FINDINGS: The hypothesis model that was established to test the antecedents and outcomes of subjective career success in nurses was acceptable and had a good fit. Having a master's degree, work schedule with rotating shifts (negative), good individual income, participation in hospital affairs, staffing and resource adequacy, and nurse-physician relations were significantly associated with the subjective career success of nurses. Subjective career success had a positive effect on job satisfaction and professional commitment and a negative significant effect on intent to leave in nurses. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that human capital, objective career success, and some characteristics of the nursing work environment were significantly associated with nurses' subjective career success, and that increased subjective career success produced positive professional and organizational outcomes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The results of this study, which revealed the antecedents and outcomes of nurses' career success, should be taken into consideration by managers who wish to retain a qualified nursing workforce.

The relationship of nursing work environment and innovation support with nurses' innovative behaviours and outputs.

AIM: To determine the relationship of nursing work environment and innovation support with nurses' innovative behaviours and innovation outputs. BACKGROUND: According to the social exchange theory, nursing work environment must be regulated to support innovation for nurses' innovative behaviours, which results in useful innovation outputs. METHODS: The sample of the research determined using the convenience sampling method consisted of 618 nurses working in four hospitals in Istanbul. In statistical analysis of the data, descriptive analyses, correlation and linear regression analysis were used. RESULTS: It was found a significant correlation between nursing work environment and innovation support with innovative behaviour and innovation outputs. It was found that innovative behaviour was the variable that had a significant impact on nurses' innovation outputs and that the model explained 40.1% of the variance of innovation outputs. The model created for innovative behaviour was determined to have an explanatory variance of 19.4%. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the necessity for developing nurses' innovative behaviours to increase innovation outputs and examines the relationship of nurses' innovative behaviours with nursing work environment and innovation support. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nurse managers should create a nursing work environment that supports and develops nurses' innovative behaviours.

Turkish Validation of the MISSCARE Survey - Pediatric Version.

PURPOSE: To conduct Turkish validity and reliability study of the MISSCARE Survey-Pediatric version identifying the missed nursing care in pediatric units and its reasons. DESIGN AND METHODS: The sample of this methodological study consisted of 222 nurses working in pediatric units. The study was conducted in three training and research hospitals and one university hospital. In the Turkish adaptation of the survey, confirmatory and explanatory factor analyses were performed within the context of language validity, content validity, and construct validity. In the reliability analyses of the survey, Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency analysis and intraclass correlation analysis for test re-test were used. RESULTS: The language validity of the survey was conducted by expert linguists. Content validity index was calculated as 0.88 for section A and 0.90 for section B. Turkish version consisting of three factors and 16 items for section B of the survey met the construct validity. In reliability analyses it was determined that Cronbach's alpha values were between 0.82 and 0.88 in subscales of the survey and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient values were between 0.52 and 0.65 in subscales of the survey and 0.64 in overall survey. CONCLUSION: In the Turkish version of MISSCARE Survey-Pediatric version, the section A with 29 items and the section B with 16 items were valid and reliable. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The survey is a valid and reliable tool for intercultural studies revealing the nursing care activities missed by nurses working in pediatric clinics and the reasons for such activities.

The relationship between trust in first-line nurse managers and organizational commitment.

AIM: To determine the effects of nurses' trust in first-line nurse managers on their organizational commitment. BACKGROUND: Trust in managers is known to have important effects on employees' organizational commitment. METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational research design used in this study. The sample was selected using proportional quota sampling which consisted of 723 nurses working in four hospitals in Istanbul (n = 723). The data collection tools were a nurse information questionnaire, the Trust in Manager Scale and the Organizational Commitment Scale. The data were analysed using descriptive tests, correlation and regression analysis (backward elimination). RESULTS: The three regression models which were developed in this study were significant. In these models, the affective commitment subscale had the highest explanatory rate (29.5%). The variables such as being over 40 years old, being employed in a public institution and working on a permanent day shift and the subscales of the trust in manager scale such as support for subordinates and providing a positive work environment were predictors that affected the nurses' organizational commitment scores positively. CONCLUSION: The study results show that trust in nurse managers is a determinant of nurse's organizational commitment. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: First-line nurse managers can increase nurses' organizational commitments by building their trust with positive and encouraging behaviours. Top managers should point out the role of trust in first-line nurse managers and indicate the components of trust that lead to positive organizational outcomes.

The reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the MISSCARE Survey-Patient.

AIM: This methodological study aimed to adapt the MISSCARE Survey-Patient, which evaluates patients' experiences regarding nursing care based on their reports, and to test it for validity and reliability in Turkish. BACKGROUND: Identifying the missed care interventions on the basis of nurse and patient reports are important to ensure an objective evaluation and develop solutions to the causes behind the failure to meet care needs. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 267 inpatients in the internal and surgery services in a university hospital (n = 267). The Turkish version of the survey was subjected to language and content validity analyses and to confirmatory factor analysis for construct validity. The reliability of the survey was tested through test-retest method and the Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient. RESULTS: It was determined that the original construct was preserved in the Turkish version of the MISSCARE Survey-Patient. The findings indicated that the scale was stable and reliable. CONCLUSION: The Turkish version of the MISSCARE Survey-Patient was found to be valid and reliable. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: The survey can be used to determine the frequency and duration of nursing care based on patients' reports and is a valid and reliable instrument for cross-cultural studies.

The relationship of personality traits and entrepreneurship tendencies with career adaptability of nursing students.

PURPOSE: This study was performed to reveal the relationship of nursing students' personality traits and entrepreneurship tendency with career adaptability. METHOD: This descriptive and correlational study's sample consisted of the junior and senior students in the nursing faculty of a state university in Istanbul (n = 265). The data was collected using the Student Information Questionnaire, Career Adapt-Abilities Scale, Ten Item Personality Inventory, and Scale of University Students Entrepreneurship. Descriptive tests and Pearson's correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the variables that affect the career adaptability of nursing students. RESULTS: The mean points on the personality inventory sub-dimensions of nursing students were highest in conscientiousness (5.72, SD 1.29) and lowest in emotional stability (4.46, SD 1.33). The mean on the Scale of University Students Entrepreneurship was 135.2 (SD 19.50) and on the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale was 78.7 (SD 9.05). The significant relationship between the personality traits, entrepreneurship tendency, and career adaptability scores of the students was weak and moderate. The regression model used to determine the variables that affect the career adaptability of nursing students was significant. Of the variables in the model, entrepreneurship tendency and being a fourth-year student significantly influenced the total score on career adaptability. CONCLUSION: The results showed a correlation between personality traits and career adaptability. In addition, there is a positive correlation between entrepreneurship tendency and career adaptability. The students with high entrepreneurship tendencies have better career adaptability. The results suggest that nursing education should improve entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial traits by considering the personality traits of students in order to ensure their adaptation to the nursing profession.

Validity and reliability of the Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale-Revised.

Assessment tools other than those currently available are needed to assess the technical and non-technical competencies of operating room nurses. In this study, a methodological design was applied to perform a Turkish adaptation of the Perceived Perioperative Competence Scale-Revised and to conduct a psychometric analysis of the scale for its use in Turkish society. The study was conducted in two public medical faculty hospitals and three training and research hospitals located in Istanbul. The sample for the study consisted of 206 operating room nurses working in these five hospitals. Following the confirmation of the language and content validities of the scale, test-retest and internal consistency analyses were performed, and the scale's construct validity was examined. The 40 items and six subscales on the original scale were preserved in the Turkish version. Goodness-of-fit indices of the model indicated that a six factor construct was good and supported at an acceptable level. The scale, intended for use by nurse managers to evaluate the competencies of operating room nurses, can be applied to evaluate the professional development and performance of nurses and to identify their training needs and paths of clinical career advancement.

Socially Responsible Leadership: A study with nursing and medical students in Turkey.

This study determined the levels of Socially Responsible Leadership of students studying in the nursing and medical faculties of a public university as well as the influencing variables. The sample of this descriptive and correlational study consisted of the students studying in the nursing and medical faculties of a public university (n = 464). The data were collected using the Socially Responsible Leadership Scale. The total and all subscale scores obtained by the nursing and medical students from the Socially Responsible Leadership Scale were in the middle level. The effects of the department and participation in student clubs were statistically significant in the model when examining the variables affecting leadership level. The results of this study revealed the necessity of improving the Socially Responsible Leadership levels in the basic professional education programs for physicians and nurses.

Turkish psychometric properties of the Innovative Behavior Inventory and Innovation Support Inventory: A model analysis on nurses.

AIM: To adapt the Innovative Behavior Inventory and Innovation Support Inventory into Turkish and to test the relationship between nurses' innovative behaviors, innovation outputs, and innovation support. METHODS: The sample of this methodological, correlational study included 360 nurses working at two hospitals in Istanbul, a province in northwestern Turkey. The study data were collected using the Nurse Information Questionnaire, Innovative Behavior Inventory, and Innovation Support Inventory. For psychometric analysis, language and content validity, confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability analysis was performed. The model was examined with structural equation modeling. RESULTS: The original structure of the inventories was preserved in the Turkish versions. There were positive and significant correlations between innovation support, innovative behavior, and innovation output subdimensions. CONCLUSION: The Turkish versions of the inventories were determined to have acceptable and good psychometric properties. The innovative behaviors of the nurses were found to have a significantly high impact on innovation outputs. It was also found that managerial support has a proximal effect on the nurses' innovative behaviors. The results of this study indicate that to achieve innovative outputs, nurses' innovative behaviors should be increased and that managerial support regarding this issue is important and has priority.

The Correlations Between Nursing and Medical Students' Values and Social Innovation Tendencies.

AIM: This study aimed to determine the correlation between values and social innovation tendencies of nursing and medical students and examine the effect of values on social innovation tendencies. METHOD: This descriptive and correlational study consisted of 524 third-year students at nursing and medical faculties in a public university in Istanbul (response rate of 57.1%). The data of the study were collected using the information form, Portrait Values Questionnaire, and Social Innovation Scale. The data were collected between December 2015 and May 2016. The data were analyzed using descriptive and correlational analyses, and the factors affecting the score of social innovation were analyzed using linear regression analysis (backward). RESULTS: A positive significant correlation was determined between the total scores of Portrait Values Questionnaire and Social Innovation Scale (r=0.453). The subscale mean scores of Portrait Values Questionnaire had an effect of 26.6% in total score of Social Innovation Scale. In the regression model where significance was determined (F=37.566; p<0.01), the highest effect was observed in the subscale of universalism. CONCLUSION: The value of universalism affected the social innovation for both groups at the most, which is an expected result by the nature of these occupations. The value of openness to innovation including self-direction and stimulation in medical students had a significant effect on the total score of social innovation, which is compatible with innovative behavior literature. These results are expected to guide educators and managers in developing socially innovative behaviors.

Molecular characterization and detection of variants of Taenia multiceps in sheep in Turkey.

Taenia multiceps is a cestode (family Taeniidae) that in its adult stage lives in the small intestine of dogs and other canids. The metacestode, known as Coenurus cerebralis, is usually found in the central nervous system including brain and spinal card in sheep and other ruminants. The presence of cysts typically leads to neurological symptoms that in the majority of cases result in the death of the animal. Coenurosis could cause high losses in sheep farms because the disease commonly affects young animals. A total of 20 C. cerebralis isolates collected from naturally infected sheep in Mardin province of Turkey were characterized through the polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of a fragment of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene. The results showed that the CO1 gene sequences were highly conserved in C. cerebralis isolates. Phylogenetic analysis based on partial CO1 gene sequences revealed that C. cerebralis isolates were composed of three different variants.

Determination of nurses' mental workloads using subjective methods.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To adapt the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index scale into Turkish, to determine the nurses' mental workload using subjective methods and to identify the factors affecting the mental workloads of nurses. BACKGROUND: As the concept of safety gains prominence in healthcare services, the determination of employees' mental workloads using subjective methods is considered important in preventing errors caused by employees. DESIGN: Methodological and descriptive design. METHODS: The population of the study consisted of a total of 1900 nurses working at three hospitals and a dentistry faculty hospital affiliated with a public university in Istanbul. The sample of the study consisted of 1266 nurses who agreed to participate in the study (the rate of return was 66·6%). Language and content validity and reliability measurements were performed to adapt the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index into Turkish, which was used as the data collection tool. RESULTS: It was found that the mean total mental workload score of the nurses was 80·48 (SD 11·76), and the weighted score of mental workload was 83·7. While the highest mean score was obtained on the subscale of mental demand (88·08, SD 16·12), the lowest mean score was obtained on the subscale of frustration (54·52, SD 29·96). The mean total mental workload score of the nurses showed a significant difference according to the units in which the nurses worked. CONCLUSION: The mean mental workload scores of nurses working at hospitals within the scope of the study were higher than the results of other studies. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: It is recommended that nurse managers perform mental workload measurements of nurses and compare the results with the quality indicators observed in units to determine and employ a labour force that is qualified for the profession and that may benefit more effectively from human resources.

What are the career planning and development practices for nurses in hospitals? Is there a difference between private and public hospitals?

AIM: The aim was to determine the opinions of nurse managers about career planning and development for nurses in hospitals. BACKGROUND: Career planning and development are defined as an important and necessary tool in the development of nurses as professionals and in retaining nurses in a facility. DESIGN: A descriptive survey. METHOD: The research population comprised nurse managers in 200+ bed hospitals on the European side of Istanbul province (n = 668). The entire population was targeted and 373 nurse managers were included in the study (55.8% return rate). Data were collected with a 32-item survey form that had three sections to determine the nurse managers' demographic characteristics, the career development practices at the facility where they worked, the nurse managers' responsibilities for career development and their expected competencies and recommendations. FINDINGS: The findings of this study suggest that the most common technique used for nurses for career development was education programs, the career development practices of private hospitals were more developed than public hospitals and the nurse managers' perceptions about career development were different according to their management level, age group and educational level (p < 0.05). RESULT: Although different practices were found in public and private hospitals in Turkey there were no effective career development practices identified and the nurse managers did not have agreement on the subject of career development. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Hospitals which provide opportunity for horizontal and vertical promotion and have clear development policies will be successful hospitals which are preferred by high quality nurses. This study draws attention to the importance of career planning in nursing and the need for nurse managers to take an active role in career planning and development.