RESUMO
Hortaea werneckii is an environmental dematiaceous fungus found in the halophilic environment. It causes tinea nigra. We report the isolation of H. werneckii from blood and splenic abscess of two patients with acute myelomonocytic leukaemia. H. werneckii grew at room temperature but not at 37 degrees C, it was identified by biochemical tests, growth characteristics and the presence of conspicuous collarette intercalary on dividing yeast cells. The use of specific oligonucleotide primer Hor-F (5'-TGGACACCTTCA TAACTCTTG-3') and Hor-R (5'-TCACAACGCTTAGAGACGG-3') confirmed the two isolates were H. werneckii. The sequence for 281 nucleotide of HW299 and HW403 were 99% identical but differed only in one nucleotide. In vitro anti-fungal susceptibility testing showed that the isolates were resistant to amphotericin B and flucytosine.
Assuntos
Fungemia/microbiologia , Leucemia Mielomonocítica Aguda/microbiologia , Fungos Mitospóricos/genética , Fungos Mitospóricos/isolamento & purificação , Esplenopatias/microbiologia , Sequência de Bases , DNA Fúngico/química , DNA Fúngico/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Fungos Mitospóricos/ultraestrutura , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Sepse , Alinhamento de SequênciaRESUMO
The occurrence of Cryptococcus neoformans in bird excreta in Klang valley, Malaysia was determined in this study. Of 544 samples of bird excreta collected from a local zoo, pet shops and public areas, 20 strains of C. neoformans were isolated. All C. neoformans strains were serotype A and thus identified as C. neoformans variety grubii. All did not produce color changes on canavanine-glycine-bromothymol blue agar. All were of alpha-mating types, as determined by a pheromone-specific PCR assay. The antifungal susceptibility testing using agar diffusion method Neo-sensitabs showed that all were susceptible to amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole.
Assuntos
Doenças das Aves/parasitologia , Columbidae , Criptococose/veterinária , Cryptococcus neoformans/efeitos dos fármacos , Cryptococcus neoformans/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Doenças das Aves/epidemiologia , Criptococose/epidemiologia , Criptococose/parasitologia , DNA de Protozoário/química , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Fezes/parasitologia , Imunodifusão/veterinária , Malásia/epidemiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/veterinária , Feromônios/química , Feromônios/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Sorotipagem/veterinária , População UrbanaRESUMO
A rare case of mastoid infection caused by actinomyces israelii is presented. This patient underwent exploratory mastoidectomy followed by long term oral pencillin. She responded well to the treatment and has been asymptomatic on follow up to date.
Assuntos
Actinomicose/diagnóstico , Doenças Ósseas Infecciosas/diagnóstico , Processo Mastoide , Actinomicose/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Doenças Ósseas Infecciosas/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Penicilinas/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Scopulariopsis brevicaulis is a soil fungus normally associated with onychomycosis. It causes subcutaneous infection in immunocompromised patients and is rarely isolated from blood. A case of systemic Scopulariopsis brevicaulis infection was reported in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. The patient developed persistent fever that did not respond to wide spectrum antibiotics and amphotericin B. Scopulariopsis brevicaulis was the only pathogen isolated from blood cultures. The fever subsided with itraconazole and there was no recurrence of fungal infection with prolonged maintenance of oral itraconazole.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Itraconazol/uso terapêutico , Leucemia Mieloide/complicações , Micoses/tratamento farmacológico , Micoses/microbiologia , Infecções Oportunistas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Oportunistas/microbiologia , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , MasculinoRESUMO
We report a case of an invasive infection with non-sporulating Chrysosporium species in a patient who was treated with chemotherapy for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This patient presented with a persistent lobar pneumonia, skin lesions, and possible involvement of the central nervous system. The patient responded to treatment with amphotericin B and oral itraconazole.
Assuntos
Chrysosporium , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Micoses/diagnóstico , Neutropenia/imunologia , Infecções Oportunistas/diagnóstico , Chrysosporium/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esporos FúngicosRESUMO
A total of 576 dermatophytes were isolated from patients with a variety of skin infections from January 1993 to May 2000. Ten species of dermatophytes were identified: Epidermophyton floccosum (0.7%), Microsporum audouinii (1.1%), M. canis (3.1%), M. gypseum (0.3%), Trichophyton concentricum (3.5%), T. equinum (0.2%), T. mentagrophytes (36.1%), T. rubrum (53.8%), T. verrucosum (0.2) and T. violaceum (1.0%). The body sites most frequently affected by dermatophytes were the buttocks, nails and trunk. Anthropophilic dermatophytes made up 60.1% of the isolates; the most common species was T. rubrum, T. mentagrophytes and M. canis were the two main zoophilic dermatophytes. T. mentagrophytes was isolated from all body sites except the scalp. M. canis was found to be associated with domestic dogs and was not isolated from ethnic Malays. The only geophilic dermatophyte was M. gypseum, an uncommon dermatophyte associated with tinea pedis.
Assuntos
Arthrodermataceae/isolamento & purificação , Dermatomicoses/microbiologia , Arthrodermataceae/classificação , Dermatomicoses/epidemiologia , Humanos , Malásia/epidemiologia , PrevalênciaRESUMO
A total of 102 Candida species were isolated from blood cultures from January 1997 to October 1999. Using assimilation of carbohydrate test, 52 (51.0%) of the Candida sp. were identified as C. parapsilosis, 25.5% (26) were C. tropicalis. C. albicans made up 11.8% (12), 6.9% (7) were C. rugosa, 3.8% (4) C. glabrata and 1% (1) C. guilliermondii. No C. dubliniensis was found in the study. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests showed that all Candida species were sensitive to nystatin, amphotericin B and ketoconazole. Although all isolates remained sensitive to fluconazole, intermediate susceptibility was found in 3 C. rugosa isolates. Antifungal agents with high frequency of resistance were econazole, clotrimazole, miconazole and 5-fluorocytosine. Candida species found to have resistance to these antifungal agents were non-C. albicans.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Candida/classificação , Candidíase/microbiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , Candida/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida/metabolismo , Candidíase/sangue , Candidíase/tratamento farmacológico , Metabolismo dos Carboidratos , Infecção Hospitalar/sangue , Infecção Hospitalar/tratamento farmacológico , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade MicrobianaRESUMO
The distribution of Candida species was examined using 1114 yeasts isolated from various clinical specimens. The isolates were identified by germ tube test, hyphal/pseudohyphae and chlamydoconidia production and carbohydrate assimilation test using ten carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose, trehalose, cellobiose, arabinose, galactose, mannitol, raffinose, lactose and maltose). Among the 1114 isolates studied, 9 species of Candida were identified and the relative frequency of isolation was C. albicans (44.2%), C. parapsilosis (26.0%), C. tropicalis (17.7%), C. glabrata (9.6%), C. krusei (1.2%), C. rugosa (0.6%), C. guilliermondii (0.2%), C. lusitaniae (0.08%) and C. kefyr (0.08%). Non-C. albicans was the most common Candida species isolated from blood, respiratory system, urine and skin. The isolate from vaginal swabs was predominantly C. albicans. 82.2% of C. glabrata and 64.2% of C. krusei isolated in this study were from vaginal swabs.
Assuntos
Candida/classificação , Candida/isolamento & purificação , Candida/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Candida albicans/classificação , Candida albicans/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Candida albicans/isolamento & purificação , Candidíase/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Malásia , Masculino , Micologia/métodos , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
We report a 39-year-old male who presented with tuberculous meningitis and was found also to be HIV-infected. In the course of his illness, he developed multiple opportunistic infections such as herpes genitalis, oesophageal candidiasis, CMV retinitis and finally succumbed to Penicillium marneffei septicaemia.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/complicações , Micoses/complicações , Penicillium , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/epidemiologia , Adulto , Humanos , Incidência , Malásia , MasculinoRESUMO
Intensive chemotherapy has prolonged survival in cancer patients. Unfortunately it has also predisposed them to unusual infections because of their immunocompromised state. We report a case of fungal septicaemia caused by Geotrichum candidum, an imperfect yeast of low virulence in a young girl with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. It was successfully treated with amphotericin B. The morphological characteristics of this fungus leading to its identification are described.
Assuntos
Geotricose/sangue , Geotricose/microbiologia , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamento farmacológico , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Fungemia/tratamento farmacológico , Geotricose/etiologia , Humanos , Hospedeiro ImunocomprometidoRESUMO
A 59-year-old Chinese man presented with a three month history of penile ulcers and abdominal pain. Syphilis and a gastric malignancy were diagnosed clinically. Biopsy of the genital and stomach ulcers revealed histiocytic granulomata containing numerous intracellular fungal bodies. Histoplasma capsulatum was subsequently cultured from the penile ulcer. Antifungal therapy was instituted. However the patient's general condition deteriorated rapidly and he died within two weeks of admission. A post-mortem liver biopsy showed numerous intracellular fungi.
Assuntos
Histoplasmose/diagnóstico , Doenças do Pênis/etiologia , Histoplasmose/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Úlcera/etiologiaRESUMO
Nine cases of histologically diagnosed chromoblastomycosis are reported from Malaysia. All the patients were males and ranged in age from 56 to 65 years. The duration of symptoms varied from 5 months to 13 years. All the lesions were noted in the lower limbs. Malignancy was suspected clinically in 5 cases. The diagnosis was established by finding characteristic brown muriform cells in the tissue sections.
Assuntos
Cromoblastomicose/epidemiologia , Cromoblastomicose/diagnóstico , Cromoblastomicose/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Malásia/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
A total of 2,153 high vaginal swabs were processed for the presence of yeasts. The specimens were obtained from pregnant and non-pregnant Malaysian women with and without vaginitis. The yeast species most commonly isolated were Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. famata and C. parapsilosis. C. albicans was isolated from 27% of pregnant women with vaginitis, 14% of pregnant women with no overt vaginitis, 15% of non-pregnant women with vaginitis, and 3% of non-pregnant women with no vaginitis. The significant difference of the isolation rates from women with and without vaginitis indicates that C. albicans is likely to be a vaginal pathogen.
Assuntos
Candidíase Vulvovaginal/epidemiologia , Portador Sadio/epidemiologia , Complicações Infecciosas na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Vagina/microbiologia , Leveduras/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Candida/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Malásia/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Prevalência , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
PIP: The 1st case of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in Malaysia was detected in 1987, 1 year after the Ministry of Health established a national AIDS task force. The patient was a 45-year-old Chinese man of Malaysian origin who had been living overseas for the past 30 years. The patient denied any homosexual relationships, blood transfusions, of intravenous drug use; however, he reported multiple sexual partners 10 years prior to developing AIDS. At hospital admission, the patient was in acute respiratory distress and Pneumocystis carinii was isolated from his sputum. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blot tests revealed antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The T- helper/T-suppressor cell ratio was inverted, 16:51%. There were no antibodies to cytomegalovirus or toxoplasmosis. The patient showed rapid clinical improvement after treatment with co-trimoxazole and was released from the hospital 2 weeks after admission. Although this is the 1st case of full-blown AIDS in Malaysia, individuals with antibodies to HIV have been identified.^ieng
Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/diagnóstico , Humanos , Malásia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções Oportunistas/diagnóstico , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/diagnósticoAssuntos
Dermatomicoses/patologia , Histoplasmose/patologia , Pele/patologia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal/patologiaRESUMO
Piedra hortai, an ascomycete causing black piedra, was studied with light and electron microscopy. The nodule on the hair contains septate hyphae, asci and free ascospores, all of which were smaller than those previously reported. A mode of spread of infection is suggested.