[Functional results of gastrectomy in cancer in relation to the surgical method and creation of esophago-intestinal anastomosis]. / Funktsional'nye rezul'taty gastréktomii, proizvedennykh po povodu raka, v zavisimosti ot metoda operatsii i formirovaniia pishchevodno-kishechnogo anastomoza.

A comparative analysis of functional results of gastrectomies depending on the type of esophagointestinal anastomosis has shown advantages of gastroplastic types of operations. Radionuclide investigations have revealed a statistically reliable improvement of processes of hydrolysis and absorption of lipids in the small intestine after gastroplastic operations.

[Radionuclide study of fat absorption in the small intestine]. / Radionuklidnye issledovaniia vsasyvaniia zhirov v tonkoi kishke.

Analysis of the use of a simple and effective method for the assessment of intestinal fat absorption with the help of external radiometry of the abdominal area using a gamma-radiation collimated detector and whole body radiometry has shown that a coefficient of intestinal fat absorption in patients in the preoperative period does not demonstrate a statistically significant difference from the respective normal one, and gastrectomy with placing esophago-cecal anastomosis disabling the duodenum, leads to considerable deterioration of fat absorptive function.

[Choice of method for determining the individual clearance of the kidneys]. / Vybor metoda opredeleniia razdel'nogo klirensa pochek.

Some criteria for assessment of the adequacy of various radionuclide methods of determination of the separate renal clearance were proposed. Some methods were analyzed according to these criteria: one of them was proposed by S. U. Schlegel et al. and used in the paper by M. E. Karaev and R. N. Samedov, and the other one was proposed by V. Kh. Frenkel' and V. B. Shushkovskii. Both methods were shown to be insufficiently substantiated from physiological and mathematical view-points. A method of assessment of the separate renal clearance in the form of a circulation model was proposed. It was based on the minimal possible number of simplifying allowances and made it possible to define the state of secretory-excretory (or filtration) function and the state of hemodynamics of each kidney as a result of single administration of a transit nephrotropic radiopharmaceutical.

[Method of determining separate kidney clearance]. / Metod opredeleniia razdel'nogo klirensa pochek.

The task was to develop a simple and effective method of radionuclide determination of separate clearance of the kidneys (SCK), i.e. separate assessment of secretory-excretory function of each kidney. The other earlier known methods of SCK determination were either methodologically incorrect or very difficult. A method of SCK determination intended both for gamma-chambers and standard radiographic units based on common renographic methods, was proposed. An algorithm for processing of measurement results was based on the generalization of the mathematical apparatus of circulation models usually employed for a study of the central and organ hemodynamics, and on its development for transitory nephrotropic radiopharmaceuticals (RP). An investigation of 21 healthy persons and 51 patients with renal tumors using 131I-hippuran showed that the proposed method possessed sufficient sensitivity for its clinical use. Advantages and shortcomings of the method were analysed. All the allowances were justifiable.

[Effect of detector sensitivity on the accuracy of results of radionuclide kidney studies]. / Vliianie chuvstvitel'nosti detektora na tochnost' rezul'tatov radionuklidnykh issledovanii pochek.

In the course of both kidney gammachronography with an isolated detector and kidney scintigraphy with a gamma camera the detector volume sensitivity is calculated. Mathematical model of the kidney is described as a set of superimposed linear-circular cylinders. Based on the CT examinations a cylinder radius and a thickness of soft tissues attenuating gamma radiation are derived. The detector volume sensitivity is found to change up to 34% in kidney gammachronography and up to 22% in kidney scintigraphy when using low power radionuclides.

[Prognosis of the postoperative external respiratory function based on radionuclide research data]. / Prognoz posleoperatsionnogo sostoianiia funktsii vneshnego dykhaniia po rezul'tatam radionuklidnykh issledovanii.

A unified indicator was worked out to have an opportunity before pulmonary operation to predict external respiration function in patients in the postoperative period. The value of partial oxygen pressure in the arterialized blood was proposed as such an indicator. The model made it possible to associate external respiration function with sizes of the involved area and the area of future operation. The main allowance of the model was an assumption of the contribution of any segment to the general process of blood oxygenation. Altogether 11 lung cancer patients were examined. Functional examination of the lungs with 133Xe was performed before a supposed operation. The authors showed a close quantitative and qualitative interrelationship between predicted indicators of partial oxygen pressure in the arterialized blood and corresponding values determined by the methods of blood oxygen measurement in the postoperative period.

[Effect of detector sensitivity on regional indices of pulmonary function]. / Vliianie chuvstvitel'nosti detektora na regional'nye pokazateli funktsional'nogo sostoianiia legkikh.

The paper is concerned with a qualitative assessment of the assumption of independence of sensitivity function on the anatomotopographic features of the region in a functional radionuclide study of the lungs. Sensitivity function of standard collimation detectors was calculated for the radionuclides 133Xe and 99mTc. Geometrical sizes of the studied region were determined by respective CT transversal sections. An analysis of the calculation results showed that sensitivity function depended significantly on the anatomotopographic features of the studied region. The error of measurement determined by the variability of sensitivity function, easily changed from 34 to 9%.

[Changes in the regional indices of ventilation and perfusion in lung cancer patients during treatment]. / Izmenenie regionarnykh pokazatelei ventiliatsii i perfuzii u bol'nykh rakom legkogo v khode lecheniia.

A total of 27 patients with central lung cancer and 43 patients with peripheral lung cancer of various sites were examined after surgical intervention on a multichannel unit using 133Xe. The regional distribution of alveolar ventilation and perfusion blood flow were evaluated in the preoperative period as well as at varying times after operation. Statistical analysis of the results has shown that a significant decrease in the ventilation and blood flow is observed in the zone with a focus of lesion in the preoperative period. At the same time even in the preoperative period of compensatory increase in the ventilation and blood flow occurs in the lower zone of the contralateral lung. An increase in the ventilation and blood flow in all the zones of the remaining lung is observed after pulmonectomy; lobectomy does not change pulmonary function and the operated lung does not regenerate its function. No distinctions in the regional values of the ventilation/perfusion ratio were revealed during treatment. Regional perfusion and ventilation are changed in one direction, their ratio and hence the gaseous composition of the blood remain unchanged.

[Radionuclide study of ventilation and perfusion in different sections of the lungs]. / Radionuklidnoe issledovanie ventiliatsii i perfuzii v razlichnykh otdelakh legkikh.

At present in the practice of radionuclide methods of investigation of the ventilation and blood flow one mistakes either a regional ventilated volume or the rate of indicator clearance from a given region for regional alveolar ventilation. The regional ventilation-perfusion ratio is obtained by dividing corresponding values expressed not in absolute but in relative units that causes erroneous results. A method proposed in this paper makes it possible to calculate regional distributions of ventilation, perfusion and their ratio as won as the values of mean time and the passage of an indicator through the alveolar-bronchial space and the vascular bed of the lungs strictly in accordance with the conditions of the clinical physiology of respiration. Measurements were taken according to an established method using either a gamma-chamber or a radiographic unit with autonomous detectors. To study the regional blood flow, 133Xe and 99mTc-MAA can be used. An assumption of preserving the persistence of the general ventilation-perfusion ratio for the lungs with any regional disturbances of this ratio should be attributed to the most serious allowances of this method.

[Post-transcriptional association of RNP particles with chromatin in Zajdela ascities hepatoma cells]. / Posttranskriptsionnaia assotsiatsiia iadernykh RNP-chastits s khromatinom v kletkakh astsitnoi gepatomy Zaidela.

The interrelationship between nuclear RNP particles and chromatin in Zajdela hepatoma cells double labelled with 3H-thymidine and 14C-uridine was investigated by three independent methods (Nucleoprotein-Celite chromatography, sucrose density and CsCl band centrifugations). All nuclear RNP particles were found to be associated with the chromatin. Some of chromatin-associated RNA molecules are polyadenylated, thus indicating the post-transcriptional character of this association. DNA and RNA molecules in these complexes are bound through protein rather than being connected directly. The site of contact between RNP particle and chromatin is relatively resistant to the action of DNase I and pancreatic RNase. The experiments with exogeneous labelled RNP particles added to isolated nuclei do not reveal the formation of artificial RNP-chromatin complexes. The results obtained are discussed in the light of current views on the nucleus-to-cytoplasm transport of RNA molecules.