Lipid Characteristics of the Muscle and Perirenal Fat in Young Tudanca Bulls Fed on Different Levels of Grass Silage.

Beef derived from grass-fed cattle is a specific quality criterion. The effect of grass silage intake on quality characteristics, i.e., fatty acids, fat-soluble vitamins, and lipid-derived volatile composition of intramuscular and perirenal fat from fattening bull weaners were studied. Visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) spectra were also obtained from perirenal fat. Perirenal fat analysis was performed for feeding differentiation purposes. A total of 22 Tudanca breed 11-month-aged bulls were finished on three different diets: grass silage and a commercial concentrate ad libitum (GS-AC), grass silage ad libitum and the commercial concentrate restricted to half of the intake of the GS-AC group (GS-LC), and barley straw and concentrate ad libitum (Str-AC). Feeding had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on γ-linolenic acid and the ratio n-6/n-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, ß-carotene content was greater in beef from silage groups than in the Str-AC group. Feeding also affected the perirenal fat composition. Beef from silage-fed bulls and straw-fed bulls could be differentiated by fatty acid percentages, especially 18:0, t-18:1, and c9-18:1, ß-carotene content, b* colour value, and carotenoid colour index. However, the VIS or NIR spectra data showed poor differentiating performance, and the volatile composition did not have appreciable differentiation power.

Keratinocyte-derived S100A9 modulates neutrophil infiltration and affects psoriasis-like skin and joint disease.

OBJECTIVES: S100A9, an alarmin that can form calprotectin (CP) heterodimers with S100A8, is mainly produced by keratinocytes and innate immune cells. The contribution of keratinocyte-derived S100A9 to psoriasis (Ps) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) was evaluated using mouse models, and the potential usefulness of S100A9 as a Ps/PsA biomarker was assessed in patient samples. METHODS: Conditional S100A9 mice were crossed with DKO* mice, an established psoriasis-like mouse model based on inducible epidermal deletion of c-Jun and JunB to achieve additional epidermal deletion of S100A9 (TKO* mice). Psoriatic skin and joint disease were evaluated in DKO* and TKO* by histology, microCT, RNA and proteomic analyses. Furthermore, S100A9 expression was analysed in skin, serum and synovial fluid samples of patients with Ps and PsA. RESULTS: Compared with DKO* littermates, TKO* mice displayed enhanced skin disease severity, PsA incidence and neutrophil infiltration. Altered epidermal expression of selective pro-inflammatory genes and pathways, increased epidermal phosphorylation of STAT3 and higher circulating TNFα were observed in TKO* mice. In humans, synovial S100A9 levels were higher than the respective serum levels. Importantly, patients with PsA had significantly higher serum concentrations of S100A9, CP, VEGF, IL-6 and TNFα compared with patients with only Ps, but only S100A9 and CP could efficiently discriminate healthy individuals, patients with Ps and patients with PsA. CONCLUSIONS: Keratinocyte-derived S100A9 plays a regulatory role in psoriatic skin and joint disease. In humans, S100A9/CP is a promising marker that could help in identifying patients with Ps at risk of developing PsA.

[Perception of the staff in training on patient's safety during the COVID-19 pandemic]. / Percepción del personal en formación sobre seguridad del paciente durante pandemia de COVID-19.

Background: The recent pandemic has presented several challenges in relation to patient safety with the increase of cognitive, depressive and anxiety symptoms in health workers due to the fear of being infected from COVID-19. Objective: To determine the relationship between anxiety, depression and fear of COVID-19, with the perception of the patient safety environment in medical residents. Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional, prospective and analytical study. 258 subjects were surveyed. Medical residents who agreed to participate, whose age or sex was of no importance, were included. It was assessed the perception of the patient safety environment through the self-administered Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) questionnaire; the depression and anxiety symptoms by using Beck's self-applied inventories for each entity, and the fear of COVID-19 by using a scale developed with the same name. The Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated. Results: A negative linear relationship was found within most of the dimensions explored by the AHRQ questionnaire and the Beck Anxiety Inventory. This relationship was observed too with the Beck Depression Inventory, except in 3 of those dimensions. No statistically significant relationship was found in the Fear of COVID-19 scale. Conclusions: There is a relationship between the degree of anxiety and depression symptoms in residents with the results in the AHRQ questionnaire; however, this result is not reproducible with the Fear of COVID-19 test or other sociodemographic measurement parameters.

Introducción: la reciente pandemia ha presentado varios retos sobre la seguridad del paciente con el aumento de síntomas cognitivos, de depresión y ansiedad en los trabajadores de la salud por el miedo de contagiarse de COVID-19. Objetivo: determinar la relación entre síntomas de ansiedad, depresión y miedo al COVID-19 con la percepción del clima de seguridad del paciente en médicos residentes de un hospital de tercer nivel de atención. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, transversal, prospectivo y analítico. Se encuestaron 258 sujetos. Se incluyeron médicos residentes que aceptaran participar, independientemente de su edad y sexo. Se evaluó la percepción del clima de seguridad del paciente con el cuestionario autoaplicado de la Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), la presencia de síntomas de depresión y ansiedad mediante los inventarios autoaplicados de Beck para cada entidad, y el miedo a COVID-19 mediante una escala previamente validada con el mismo nombre. Se calculó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: se encontró una relación lineal negativa con la mayoría de las dimensiones exploradas por el cuestionario AHRQ y el Inventario de ansiedad de Beck (BAI) y con el Inventario de depresión de Beck (BDI), excepto en tres de las dimensiones. No se encontró relación estadísticamente significativa en la encuesta de miedo a COVID-19. Conclusiones: hay una relación entre el grado de síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en residentes con los resultados en el cuestionario AHRQ; sin embargo, este resultado no es reproducible con el test de Miedo a COVID-19 u otros parámetros sociodemográficos de medición.

Síndrome de la mano inútil con astereognosia secundaria a un astrocitoma cervical / Useless hand syndrome with astereognosis secondary to a cervical astrocytoma

Resumen El presente caso es un ejemplo del síndrome de la mano inútil de Oppenheim secundario a un astrocitoma cervical alto. La pérdida sensorial propioceptiva y discriminativa suspendida con conservación de la termoalgesia y el tacto crudo en ambas extremidades superiores es secundaria al daño a la entrada de la raíz dorsal y al núcleo cuneiforme. La torpeza y las dificultades para una prensión precisa con la mano se deben al daño del núcleo proprioespinal en las astas dorsales a nivel C3-C4. Este núcleo integra influencias excitadoras descendentes del tracto corticoespinal e interneuronas inhibitorias controladas por los sistemas descendentes y las aferencias de las extremidades anteriores. Probablemente la pérdida de las aferentes cervicales propioceptivas inhibitorias sea la culpable de las dificultades para agarrar con las manos.

The present case is an example of the useless hand syndrome of Oppenheim secondary to a high cervical astrocytoma. The suspended proprioceptive and discriminative sensory loss with conservation of thermoalgesia and crude touch in both upper extremities is secondary to damage to dorsal root entry and cuneate nucleus. The clumsiness and difficulties in precise grasping with the hand are due to damage of the propriospinal nucleus in the dorsal horns at C3-C4 level. This nucleus integrates descending excitatory influences from corticospinal tract and inhibitory interneurons controlled by descending systems and the forelimb afferents. Probably the loss of the inhibitory proprioceptive cervical afferents is the culprit of the difficulties in grasping by the hands.

Physiological and antioxidant response of Litopenaeus vannamei against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection after feeding supplemented diets containing Dunaliella sp. flour and ß-glucans.

The presence of pathogen agents in shrimp farming is the main obstacle for successful aquaculture. Vibrio species are naturally part of water because they play an important role as opportunistic bacteria. Vibrio parahaemolyticus was identified as the causative agent of the Early Mortality Syndrome in 2009, causing the loss of shrimp farming worldwide. Dunaliella sp. flour has been tested against Vibrio infection proving to be an effective prophylactic method that decreases mortality and improves physiological and immune response in Litopenaeus vannamei. Juvenile shrimp were exposed to 2% Dunaliella sp. flour and commercial 1.1% ß -glucan diet provided every other day for 15 days and a posterior infection with V. parahaemolyticus (1 × 106 CFU/mL). To evaluate shrimp stress status, some parameters as glucose, lactate, cholesterol, triglycerides, relative superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene expression and circulating hemocytes were analyzed in hemolymph at zero and seven days before infection and at 0, 24, and 48 h post-infection. L. vannamei fed with Dunaliella sp. showed 93% and ß -glucan 87% survival, compared with 79% in the infected control group. Additionally, Dunaliella sp. improved hemocyte and lipid concentrations compared to ß -glucan while both immunostimulants showed an increase in SOD response against bacteria. The addition of 2% Dunaliella sp. every other day in L. vannamei diet enhanced stress response against V. parahaemolyticus infection.

Metagenomic Detection of Two Vientoviruses in a Human Sputum Sample.

We used metagenomics to analyze one sputum sample from a patient with symptoms of a respiratory infection that yielded negative results for all pathogens tested. We detected two viral genomes that could be assembled and showed sequence similarity to redondoviruses, a recently described group within the CRESS-DNA viruses. One hundred sputum samples were screened for the presence of these viruses using specific primers. One sample was positive for the same two viruses, and another was positive for one of them. These findings raise questions about a possible role of redondoviruses in respiratory infections in humans.

Enfermedad invasiva por Neisseria meningitidis serogrupo W / Invasive disease due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W

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Changes in biogenic amine levels during storage of Mexican-style soft and Spanish-style dry-ripened sausages with different a(w) values under modified atmosphere.

Two raw sausages were prepared: a soft and a dry-ripened one, both by local traditional and industrial manufacturing practices. Sausages were packaged under a CO2/N2 atmosphere at different targeted activity water (aw) values: 0.96 and 0.92 (soft sausages) and 0.88 and 0.82 (dry-ripened sausages). Sausages were then stored at 5 °C for 42 days or at 12 °C for 240 days (soft and a dry-ripened sausages, respectively). The time-related changes in dominant microbiota, pH and biogenic amine contents during storage were determined. Tyramine was the most abundant biogenic amine in all the sausages. Biogenic amine levels were higher in dry-ripened sausages than in soft sausages at packaging. However, during refrigerated storage soft sausages were fermented and the levels of biogenic amines increased (P<0.05). At the end of storage, traditional soft sausages with 0.96 aw presented comparable levels of biogenic amines to traditional dry-ripened sausages.

Characterization of Oaxaca raw milk cheese microbiota with particular interest in Lactobacillus strains.

The aim of this work was to identify and characterize lactobacilli strains from Mexican Oaxaca cheese. Twenty-seven lactobacilli isolated from Oaxaca cheese were identified at species level by 16S rRNA sequencing. Selected isolates were further characterized by ribotyping. Isolates were screened, among others, by acidifying capacity, antibiotic resistance, and activity against pathogens. Lactobacillus plantarum was predominant in Oaxaca cheese. The intraspecies variability of Lb. plantarum isolates was great. Multiple antibiotic resistances were observed. Eight isolates showed antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic species tested. Four Lb. plantarum strains showing low antibiotic resistance index, antimicrobial activity against enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria innocua stains, amine-negative decarboxylase activity, and resistance to NaCl and bile salt solutions, could be preselected to complete studies focused on designing a culture for use in pasteurized-milk Oaxaca cheese manufacturing.

Effects of addition of different vegetable oils to lactating dairy ewes' diet on meat quality characteristics of suckling lambs reared on the ewes' milk.

The effect of different vegetable oils used in the diet of lactating ewes on the meat quality of their suckling lambs has been evaluated. Lambs (males and females) were slaughtered at 11 kg. Fortyeight lactating Churra ewes (prolificacy 1.5) and their suckling lambs were assigned to four treatments according to the oil added (3% on weight basis) to the ewes' daily ration: palm oil as control (CON); olive oil (OLI); soybean oil (SOY); and linseed oil (LIN). Analyses of pH, colour, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), tocopherol levels, volatile compounds and a sensory evaluation were carried out on suckling lambs' meat. Results showed no substantial effect on pH, colour, TBARS and tocopherol levels. Volatiles typically derived from lipid oxidation were higher in SOY group. However, panellists were only able to correctly identify samples from LIN group. Furthermore, the meat from LIN group showed lower scores towards odour and flavour quality and overall liking than that from the rest of treatments.

Altas dosis de adriamicina seguido de CMF como tratamiento adyuvante en cáncer de mama operable de alto riesgo. Experiencia del Instituto de Enfermedades Neoplásicas / High doses of followed adriamicina of CMF as adjuvant treatment in cancer of operateable breast of high risk. Experience of the Institute of Neoplastic Diseases

El cáncer de mama (CM) es la patología maligna que más afecta a las mujeres de todo el mundo, se diagnostican 700,000 casos al año. El factor pronósticos más importante es el compromiso ganglionar. Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo en mujeres con cáncer de Mama Operable con compromiso ganglionar mayor a tres ganglios entre enero de 1998 a diciembre del 2000; se admiten 87 mujeres con Cáncer de Mama Operable (CMO) (T1, T2, T3; NO-1; MO) sometidas a Mastectomía Radical modificada (MRM), consideradas de alto riesgo por el compromiso ganglionar axilar mayor o igual a 4; recibieron quimioterapia adyuvante con adriamicina 90 mg/m2 cada tres semanas por 4 cursos seguidos de CMF (ciclofosfamida 600 mg/m2, metotrexate 40 mg/m2 y 5 fluoruracilo 600 mg/m2) 1 y 8 día cada 4 semanas por 4 cursos. Al finalizar algunas de las pacientes recibieron radioterapia para tratamiento de consolidación y/o iniciaron hormonoterapia con tamoxifeno 20 mg/d por 5 años. El principal punto de evaluación fue la sobrevida global (SG), el segundo punto de evaluación es la sobrevida libre de enfermedad (SLE); y se calculó Intensidad de Dosis Relativa (IDR). La edad media fue de 45 años; 56.3 por ciento premenopáusicas, la edad media del primer embarazo fue de 23.37 años, y 26.4 por ciento tuvieron 3 hijos. La ubicación preferente del tumor fue en el lado derecho 55.2 por ciento. El Estadío Clínico (EC) II-B 54 por ciento; 60.9 por ciento recibieron tamoxifeno; el 46 por ciento tuvieron RE - positivos; y el 70 por ciento tuvieron C-erb-B2 positivo. La IDR para adriamicina fue de 78 por ciento para el 51 por ciento de los pacientes, mientras que la IDR para ciclofosfamida fue del 88 por ciento para el 50 por ciento de pacientes. Toxicidad hematológica Grado IV fue de 4.05 por ciento...

Fecundación "in vitro" y transferencia embrionaria: comparación de resultados entre tres métodos de inducción de ovulación / Fertilization in vitro and embryo transfer: comparison of results in 3 methods of ovulation induction

Se presentan 67 laparoscopias para aspiración folicular en un programa de fecundación "In vitro" (FIV) y transferencia embrionaria (TE). En 29 casos la inducción de ovulación se realizó con citrato de clomifeno (CC) en dosis entre 50 y 150 mg más gonadotrofina coriónica (HCG) en dosis de 5.000 U.I. administrada de acuerdo con diámetro folicular (Fase I). En 13 casos la inducción de ovulación se realizó empleando secuencialmente CC (100 mg. días 3 al 7) y gonadotrofina humana menopáusica (HMG), 2 amp. diarias días 8, 9 y 10 del ciclo), monitorizando respuesta folicular mediante ecografía y 17 B estradiol para administrar el HCG (Fase II). En los 26 casos restantes la inducción se realizó habitualmente con 2 amp. de HMG desde el tercer día del ciclo, decidiendo su suspensión y administración de HCG de acuerdo a monitorización mediante parámetros clínicos, ecografía y 17 B estradiol plasmático (Fase III). En las 29 laparoscopias de la Fase I (CC + HCG) se aspiraron ovocitos maduros en 82% de los casos, los que fetilizaron en un 75%. En 18 transferencias embrionarias se detectó solamente un embarazo preclínico. En 13 laparoscopias de la Fase II (CC + HMG + HCG) se aspiraron uno o más ovocitos maduros en el 92% de los casos, los que fertilizaron en un 75% de los casos, se realizaron 9 transferencias y no se obtuvo embarazo alguno. En la Fase III (HMG + HCG) se realizaron 26 laparoscopias para aspiración folicular, aspirándose al menos un ovocito maduro en 73% de los casos, los que fertilizaron en un 74%. De las 14 transferencias efectuadas se lograron 6 embarazos (43%), 4 clínicos y 2 abortos preclínicos. Se discuten los alcances de la comparación de los resultados anteriores, concluyéndose que, aunque la inducción de las Fases I y II fueron adecuadas en cuanto a recuperación de ovocitos maduros y fecundación ulterior, la implantación fue deficiente. Con el esquema de inducción de la Fase III se logró una adecuada tasa de embarazos por laparoscopia y por transferencia, comparable a las publicadas por centros extranjeros