DNA oxidative damage in oral cancer: 8-hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine immunoexpression assessment

Background: The development and establishment of oral squamous cell carcinoma are confined to carcinogenesis, which involves oxidative stress via oxygen-free radical production as a hydroxyl radical (HO•), considered the most important cause of oxidative damage to basic biomolecules since it targets DNA strands. 8-Hydroxy-2´- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is considered a free radical with a promutagenic capacity due to its ability to pair with adenosine instead of cytosine during replication. Material and Methods: We collected 30 paraffin-embedded tissue samples of OSCC from patients treated between 2013 and 2018. We recorded risk habits, disease stage, disease free survival and death with at least 3 years of followup. 8-Hydroxyguanosine was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and subsequently classified as weak-moderate or strong positive expression. Additionally, we noted whether it was expressed in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus. Results: Most of the cases expressed 8-OHdG with a strong intensity (80%). All neoplastic cells were preferentially stained in only the cytoplasm (70.0%), but nuclear positivity was found in 30%, independent of the intensity. Based on the location in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus, tumors >4 cm showed a high frequency (95.5%) of 8-OHdG expression in only the cytoplasm, with a significant difference (p value ≤ 0.001). Additionally, overall survival was affected when immunoexpression was present in the cytoplasm and nucleus because all deaths were in this group were statistically significant (p value = 0.001). Conclusions: All tumors showed DNA oxidative damage, and 8-OHdG was preferentially expressed in the cytoplasm. This finding was associated with tumor size and, when present in the nucleus, might also be related to death. (AU)

Patients with advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma have high levels of soluble E-cadherin in the saliva

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the potential clinical value of the concentration of soluble salivary E-cadherin (sE-cadherin) compared with the clinical value of the presence of membranous E-cadherin (mE-cadherin) in oral squamous cell carcinoma tumor tissues. Material and Methods: Data regarding patient demographics, clinical stage, saliva and tumor tissue samples were collected. The saliva was analyzed for sE-cadherin protein levels and was compared to the mE-cadherin immunohistochemical expression levels in tumor tissues, which were assessed via the HercepTest(R) method. Patients without cancer were included in the study as a control group for comparisons of the sE-cadherin levels. Results: sE-cadherin levels in the saliva of patients without cancer were lower than those in patients with cancer, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.031). Low mE-cadherin expression was statistically significantly associated with lymph node positivity (p=0.015) and advanced clinical stage (p=0.001). The inverse relationship between mE-cadherin and sE-cadherin was significant in terms of lymph node positivity (p=0.014) and advanced clinical stage (p=0.037). Conclusions: The results suggest that sE-cadherin levels are significantly increased in patients with oral cancer and that its low expression within the membrane as well as the progression of the disease appear to be inversely associated with levels of sE-cadherin in the saliva (AU)

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Fístula colovesical secundaria a la migración de una endoprótesis biliar: reporte de un caso / Colovesical fistula secondary to the migration of a biliary stent: case report

Introducción: la colocación endoscópica de stents para descomprimir una obstrucción biliar es un tratamiento comúnmente utilizado para enfermedades malignas de la vía biliar y para estenosis benignas de la misma. Se han descrito complicaciones inusitadas derivadas de la colocación de endoprótesis biliares, incluyendo la migración. Se presenta un caso clínico con el objetivo de compartir con la comunidad científica una rara complicación y la única publicada, secundaria a la migración de un stent biliar. Caso clínico: mujer de 47 años de edad, con estenosis de ámpula de Vater benigna, a quien se le colocó endoprótesis biliar, con la cual mejoró clínicamente. Posterior a la colocación del stent se le realizó colecistectomía abierta con exploración de vías biliares. Al año y medio posterior a la colocación del stent, la paciente presentó dolor vago en abdomen bajo y disuria; se le practicaron estudios de imagen donde se observó un extremo del stent biliar en colon sigmoides y otro en vejiga. Se realizó intervención quirúrgica encontrando fístula colovesical, la cual se resolvió en un solo tiempo quirúrgico. La paciente fue egresada con resultados satisfactorios.

BACKGROUND: The endoscopic placement of endoprostheses to decompress biliary obstruction is a commonly used treatment for malignant biliary diseases and is also used in the treatment of benign biliary strictures. Unusual complications of endoprosthesis placement have been described and include the migration of the stent. We present a case to share with the scientific community, an unusual complication secondary to the migration of a biliary stent that has not previously been reported to our knowledge. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 47-year-old female with a diagnosis of benign papillary stenosis. The patient received a biliary endoprosthesis with clinical improvement. Later she underwent open cholecystectomy and common duct exploration. At consultation 18 months later, the patient presents with indistinct lower abdominal pain and dysuria. We performed imaging studies where the biliary stent was observed, partly in the sigmoid colon and partly in the bladder. The patient underwent surgery where a colovesical fistula was found and treated during the same surgical event. The patient was discharged succesfully.

[Colovesical fistula secondary to the migration of a biliary stent. Case report]. / Fístula colovesical secundaria a la migración de una endoprótesis biliar. Reporte de un caso.

BACKGROUND: The endoscopic placement of endoprostheses to decompress biliary obstruction is a commonly used treatment for malignant biliary diseases and is also used in the treatment of benign biliary strictures. Unusual complications of endoprosthesis placement have been described and include the migration of the stent. We present a case to share with the scientific community, an unusual complication secondary to the migration of a biliary stent that has not previously been reported to our knowledge. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 47-year-old female with a diagnosis of benign papillary stenosis. The patient received a biliary endoprosthesis with clinical improvement. Later she underwent open cholecystectomy and common duct exploration. At consultation 18 months later, the patient presents with indistinct lower abdominal pain and dysuria. We performed imaging studies where the biliary stent was observed, partly in the sigmoid colon and partly in the bladder. The patient underwent surgery where a colovesical fistula was found and treated during the same surgical event. The patient was discharged succesfully.