Plasma fresco congelado, plaquetas e criprecipitado: quando e como usar / Fresh frozen plasma, platelets and cryoprecipitate: when and how to use

Dados atuais mostram que apenas 8% da população mundial têm acesso aos 20% de sangue "seguro" para transfusão, devidamente coletados e testados. Apenas 30% das nações do mundo têm serviço transfusional que atende a seu país de forma integrada. Segundo pesquisa conduzida pelo "Committeon Blood and Blood Products of the American Society of Anesthesiologists", grande quantidade do sangue administrado acontece no ambiente cirúrgico. Anestesiologistas devem ser experts em terapia transfusional e conscientes das implicações e complicações que a tomada de decisão pela transfusão pode trazer.

Current data have shown that only 8% of the world's population has access to 20% of "safe" blood dedicated to transfusion, properly collected and tested. Only 30% of the nations around the world have a transfusion service able to work nation wide. According to a research by the "Committee on Blood and Blood Products of the American Society of Anesthesiologists", a great share of the blood given to patients occurs in the cirurgical environment. Anesthesiologists must be experts in transfusional therapy and totally a ware of implications and complications concerning the decision of a blood transfusion.

Comparación de la fuerza de la musculatura inspiratoria entre mujeres mayores sedentarias y practicantes de hidrogimnasia / Comparison of inspiratory muscle strength between elderly women practicing hydrogymnastics and sedentary women

Objetivo: determinar la influencia de la realización de un programa de hidrogimnasia en los valores de presión inspiratoria máxima (Pimáx) en relación con el sedentarismo, en mujeres mayores sanas. Material y métodos: estudio preexperimental sobre 20 mujeres mayores de 60 años sin enfermedad previa y con capacidad para realizar pruebas de evaluación de fuerza inspiratoria. Se estudian 2 grupos: practicantes de hidrogimnasia (actividad acuática en vertical) (GH), n = 10, y sedentarias sanas (GS), n = 10. Se recogieron edad, datos antropométricos (índice de masa corporal: IMC) y la Pimáx mediante manovacuómetro. Se utilizó la prueba de la U de Mann-Whitney para el análisis (significación estadística, p 0,05). El IMC fue similar en ambos grupos con datos de sobrepeso (27 y 28, respectivamente; p > 0,05). Los resultados de la Pimáx fueron significativamente mejores en el grupo GH (­77 ± 7,3 cmH2O) que en el GS (­51,5 ± 6,1 cmH2O; p = 0,015). Conclusiones: se observó que el ejercicio de hidrogimnasia presentaba un efecto positivo sobre la fase inspiratoria, a través de la medición indirecta de la fuerza de la musculatura inspiratoria mediante la presión inspiratoria máxima en mujeres mayores sanas

Objective: to determine whether there is a marked difference between maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) in healthy adult women practicing hydrogymnastics and sedentary women. Material and methods: we performed a pre-experimental study in 20 healthy women aged more than 60 years old deemed fit to undergo tests of inspiratory muscle strength. Two groups were studied: a group practicing hydrogymnastics (HG, n=10) consisting of vertical exercise in water and another group of healthy sedentary women (SG, n=10). Age, anthropometric data (body mass index [BMI]) and MIP measured by manuvacuometer equipment were recorded. The Mann-Whitney for independent samples was used and statistical significance was set at P.05). BMI was similar in both groups (27.0 and 28.0 respectively; P>.05). The results of MIP were significantly better in the HG (­77.0 cmH2O; SD 7.3) than in the SG (­51.5 cmH2O; SD 6.1; P=.015). Conclusions: indirect measurement of inspiratory muscle strength through assessment of MIP in healthy older women revealed that hydrogymnastics has a positive effect on the inspiratory phase of respiration