RESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of polymorphisms in the glutathione S-transferase genes GSTM1 and GSTT1 in patients with lens opacity (cataract). Peripheral blood samples were obtained from male and female patients (N = 23) with cataract. The GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphic regions were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and the amplification products were electrophoresed on a 2% agarose gel. The obtained bands were by staining with ethidium bromide. The results were compared by a chi-square test using the BioEstat software (v.5.0). The frequencies of the GSTM1- and GSTT1-null genotypes were higher than those of the GSTM1- and GSTT1-present genotypes. The frequency of GSTT1-null genotypes was approximately 1.7 times higher than that of GSTM1, which was a statistically significant difference (P = 0.0019). Although a consensus remains to be reached on the correlation between genetic polymorphisms in GSTs and cataract susceptibility, the observations from most scientific studies are similar to those reported in this study. Thus, we conclude that the absence of these genes, particularly GSTT1, is correlated with the development of lens opacity.
Assuntos
Catarata/diagnóstico , Catarata/genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Glutationa Transferase/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Adulto , Catarata/patologia , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Frequência do Gene , Glutationa Transferase/deficiência , Humanos , Cristalino/metabolismo , Cristalino/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
Este experimento fue realizado en la Estación de Hidrobiología y Piscicultura de Furnas, localizada en São José da Barra estado de Minas Gerais en Brasil, con el objetivo de verificar la relación entre macho y hembra en la puesta natural y también verificar la dosis de la hormona 17-∝-metiltestosterona en la reversión sexual, para adecuación de una metodología de manejo en la reproducción de tilápias. Se realizaron dos experimentos, el primero verificando la mejor relación entre machos y hembras (1:1; 1:1.4; 1:2; 1:3; 1:5), y los parámetros evaluados fueron: producción de huevos; numero de puestas y porcentaje de eclosión. En el segundo experimento fue observada la dosis de la hormona 17-a-metiltestosterona, siendo constituido de cinco niveles de hormona, T-A 0 mg de hormona/Kg de pienso; T-B 30 mg de hormona/kg de pienso; TC 60 mg de hormona/Kg de pienso; 90 mg de hormona/kg de pienso y 120 mg de hormona/kg de pienso y los parámetros evaluados fueron: porcentaje de machos sin tratamiento hormonal y porcentaje de machos después de tratamiento hormonal. En el primer experimento, la proporción de 1 macho para 1 hembra, fue la relación que más huevos produció por hembra durante el experimento (P<0,05), siendo considerada la mejor proporción. En el segundo experimento la dosis de 17-a-metiltestosterona igual o superior a 37,5 mg/Kg de pienso, ha producido una población de 100 % peces machos (P<0,01), siendo considerada la mejor (AU)
The experiment was conducted in the Furnas hydrobiology and picisculture station situated in São José da Barra - Minas Gerais in Brasil with a view to verifying the best ratio between males and females and also ideal dose of 17-∝-methyltestosterone, adjusting a management methodology in the reproduction of Nile tilapia fish. Two experiments were conducted, the first one verifying the best ratio between males and females (1:1; 1:1.4; 1:2; 1:3; 1:5) and the parameters evaluated were: eggs production; spawning number and hatching percentage. In the second experiment was observed the ideal dose of the hormone 17-∝ methyltestosterone, its being made up of five hormone level: treatment A with 0 mg of hormone/kg of ration, treatment B with 30 mg de hormone/kg of ration, treatment C with 60 mg of hormone/kg of ration, treatment D with 90 mg of hormone/kg of ration and treatment E with 120 mg of hormone/kg of ration and the parameters evaluated were: percentage of male without a hormonal treatment and percentage of males after hormonal treatment. In the first experiment, the ratio of one male to one female produced the highest number of eggs (P<0.05). In the second experiment there were significant differences (P<0.01) for dosage of 17-α-metiltestosterona equal or superior to 37.5 mg of hormone/kg of ration, which produced 100% of males (AU)
