Efeito do tempo sentado prolongado sobre marcadores cardiometabólicos em adultos fisicamente ativos e inativos: um estudo piloto / Effect of prolonged sitting time on cardiometabolic markers in physically active and inactive adults: a pilot study

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito do tempo sentado prolongado sobre marcadores cardio-metabólicos em adultos fisicamente ativos e inativos. Participaram do estudo 10 adultos fisicamente ativos (27,30 ± 4,90 anos de idade) e 11 fisicamente inativos (26,27 ± 3,17 anos de idade). Todos realizaram uma sessão de tempo sentado prolongado de 10 horas, com quatro refeições padroniza-das. Os níveis de glicose e pressão arterial foram mensurados no jejum, antes e 1 hora após cada refeição e também 2 horas após o almoço. Os níveis de triglicerídeos foram medidos no jejum, 2 e 3,5 horas após o almoço. O modelo linear generalizado foi utilizado para comparar a área sob a curva incremental (ASCi) dos níveis de glicose e triglicerídeos e a área sob a curva (ASC) dos níveis de pressão arterial entre os grupos, com ajuste pelos valores de linha de base. O grupo fisicamente ativo apresentou menor ASCi para os níveis de glicose no período de 10 horas (ß = -5,55 mg/dL/10h; IC95%: -9,75; -1,33; p = 0,010) e no período da manhã (ß = -7,05 mg/dL/5h; IC95%: -12,11; -1,99; p = 0,006) comparado ao grupo fisicamente inativo. Não houve diferença da ASCi dos triglicerídeos (p = 0,517) e na ASC da pressão arterial (p = 0,145) entre os grupos. Em conclusão, adultos fisicamente ativos apresentaram melhor controle glicêmico comparados àqueles fisicamente inativos durante a exposição a tempo sentado prolongado

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of prolonged sitting time on cardiometabolic markers in physically active and inactive adults.Ten physically active adults (27.30 ± 4.90 years old) and 11 physically inactive (26.27 ± 3.17 years old) participated in the study. All performed a 10-hour long sitting session, with a total of four standardized meals. Glucose and blood pressure levels were measured at fasting, before and 1 hour after each meal, and 2 hours after lunch. Triglycerides levels were measured on fasting at 2 and 3.5 hours after lunch. The generalized linear model was used to compare the area under the incremental curve (AUCi) of the glucose and triglycerides lev-els, and the area under the curve (AUC) of the blood pressure levels between the groups, adjusted for baseline values. The physically active group showed lower blood glucose AUCi of 10 hours (ß = -5.55 mg/dL/10h; 95%CI: -9.75; -1.33, p = 0.010), and morning (ß = -7.05 mg/dL/5h; 95%CI: -12.11; -1.99, p = 0.006) compared to the physically inactive group. There was no difference in triglycerides AUCi (p = 0.517) and blood pressure AUC (p = 0.145) between groups. In conclusion, physically active adults have better glycemic control than physically inactive adults during exposure to prolonged sitting time

Abandonment to therapeutic diet on patients at risk cardiovascular in a health care clinic / Abandono de la dieta en pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular en una clínica de cuidado de la salud

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death among adults and measures to reverse this situation go through changes in lifestyle, among them adopt healthy eating through professional counseling. To do this we need to keep the patient engaged in treatment, and the abandonment of treatment is an important risk factor in this population. Objectives: To assess abandonment to dietary treatment of patients with cardiovascular risk treated on an outpatient basis, and identify the reasons for the abandonment of treatment. Methods: Participants were patients between 18 and 70 years, of both sexes, who held their first nutritional consultation and had two or more cardiovascular risk factors. A telephone contact was made by applying a questionnaire on the withdrawal of reasons for treatment and encouraging them to return to the health service by checking the return after three months of telephone contact. Results: Of the 142 patients with cardiovascular risk, 61.26% did not return to the service after the first visit, a percentage similar to that found in other studies, and contacted by telephone 64.37% of them. Regarding the main reasons for the withdrawal, difficulty following the diet and individual/behavioral characteristics of the patient were the aspects that contributed to the abandonment (57.14%), corroborating the findings that show the influence of cultural and socioeconomic factors on the therapeutic adherence. Although 92.86% of patients have been satisfied with the service and 75% have reported interest in resuming treatment, only 5.36% patients returned to service after the phone contact. Conclusion: There was a high drop-out from nutritional treatment, mainly because of the difficulty of organization required to follow the diet. The motivational intervention was not enough to motivate a return to treatment (AU)

Introducción: las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la causa principal de muerte entre los adultos y las medidas para revertir esta situación se aplican a través de cambios en el estilo de vida, entre ellos, adoptar una alimentación saludable a través de orientación profesional. Para hacer esto, necesitamos mantener al paciente comprometido con el tratamiento, ya que el abandono de dicho tratamiento es un factor de riesgo importante en esta población. Objetivos: evaluar el abandono al tratamiento con dieta de pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular tratados de manera ambulatoria e identificar las razones del abandono del tratamiento. Métodos: los participantes eran pacientes entre 18 y 70 años de edad, de ambos sexos, que recibieron su primera consulta nutricional y poseían dos o más factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Un contacto telefónico se realizó aplicando un cuestionario al abandono sobre las razones para el tratamiento, y aconsejándolos que regresaran al servicio de salud comprobando si efectivamente regresaban a los tres meses del contacto telefónico. Resultados: de los 142 pacientes con riesgo cardiovascular, 61,26% no regresó al servicio posterior a la primera visita, un porcentaje similar al encontrado en otros estudios, y fueron contactados por teléfono 64,37% de ellos. En relación a la razón principal para el retiro o abandono, dificultades siguiendo la dieta y características individuales/de comportamiento del paciente fueron los aspectos que contribuyeron al abandono (57,14%), corroborando los hallazgos que muestran la influencia de factores culturales y socioeconómicos en la adherencia al tratamiento. Aunque el 92,86% de los pacientes mostraron estar satisfechos con el servicio y 75% han reportado interés en retomar el tratamiento, solo 5.36% de los pacientes regresaron al servicio posterior al contacto telefónico. Conclusión: hubo un alto abandono del tratamiento nutricional, principalmente debido a la dificultad de organización requerida para seguir la dieta. La intervención motivacional no fue suficiente para motivar un regreso al tratamiento (AU)