Association between falls in older adults and prevention group.

OBJECTIVES: to assess the effectiveness of guidelines on fall prevention in a group of older adults in Primary Health Care. METHODS: a cross-sectional study, carried out with older adults selected by a simple random sample (274; N=1,234). Data covered sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables, marital status, health conditions, factors associated with falls and participation in the prevention group. Student's t test was used, and dichotomous variables were used by the chi-square test. The project met ethical requirements. RESULTS: sample with female profile (61.7%), married, with low education, mean age of 71.69 years. The factors associated with falls identified were female sex, medicalization and participation in the prevention group. There was no protective association between participation in a fall prevention group in older adults and a decrease in the number of falls. CONCLUSIONS: based on evidence, a personalized intervention during the nursing visit is suggested as a strategy to prevent falls.

In-hospital mortality and severe outcomes after hospital discharge due to COVID-19: A prospective multicenter study from Brazil.

Background: We evaluated in-hospital mortality and outcomes incidence after hospital discharge due to COVID-19 in a Brazilian multicenter cohort. Methods: This prospective multicenter study (RECOVER-SUS, NCT04807699) included COVID-19 patients hospitalized in public tertiary hospitals in Brazil from June 2020 to March 2021. Clinical assessment and blood samples were performed at hospital admission, with post-hospital discharge remote visits. Hospitalized participants were followed-up until March 31, 2021. The outcomes were in-hospital mortality and incidence of rehospitalization or death after hospital discharge. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional-hazard models were performed. Findings: 1589 participants [54.5% male, age=62 (IQR 50-70) years; BMI=28.4 (IQR,24.9-32.9) Kg/m² and 51.9% with diabetes] were included. A total of 429 individuals [27.0% (95%CI,24.8-29.2)] died during hospitalization (median time 14 (IQR,9-24) days). Older age [vs<40 years; age=60-69 years-aHR=1.89 (95%CI,1.08-3.32); age=70-79 years-aHR=2.52 (95%CI,1.42-4.45); age≥80-aHR=2.90 (95%CI 1.54-5.47)]; noninvasive or mechanical ventilation at admission [vs facial-mask or none; aHR=1.69 (95%CI 1.30-2.19)]; SAPS-III score≥57 [vs<57; aHR=1.47 (95%CI 1.13-1.92)] and SOFA score≥10 [vs <10; aHR=1.51 (95%CI 1.08-2.10)] were independently associated with in-hospital mortality. A total of 65 individuals [6.7% (95%CI 5.3-8.4)] had a rehospitalization or death [rate=323 (95%CI 250-417) per 1000 person-years] in a median time of 52 (range 1-280) days post-hospital discharge. Age ≥ 60 years [vs <60, aHR=2.13 (95%CI 1.15-3.94)] and SAPS-III ≥57 at admission [vs <57, aHR=2.37 (95%CI 1.22-4.59)] were independently associated with rehospitalization or death after hospital discharge. Interpretation: High in-hospital mortality rates due to COVID-19 were observed and elderly people remained at high risk of rehospitalization and death after hospital discharge. Funding: Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Programa INOVA-FIOCRUZ.

Association between falls in older adults and prevention group / Asociación entre caídas en ancianos y grupo de prevención / Associação entre quedas em idosos e grupo de prevenção

ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess the effectiveness of guidelines on fall prevention in a group of older adults in Primary Health Care. Methods: a cross-sectional study, carried out with older adults selected by a simple random sample (274; N=1,234). Data covered sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables, marital status, health conditions, factors associated with falls and participation in the prevention group. Student's t test was used, and dichotomous variables were used by the chi-square test. The project met ethical requirements. Results: sample with female profile (61.7%), married, with low education, mean age of 71.69 years. The factors associated with falls identified were female sex, medicalization and participation in the prevention group. There was no protective association between participation in a fall prevention group in older adults and a decrease in the number of falls. Conclusions: based on evidence, a personalized intervention during the nursing visit is suggested as a strategy to prevent falls.

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la efectividad de las guías de prevención de caídas en un grupo de ancianos en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: estudio transversal, realizado con ancianos seleccionados por muestra aleatoria simple (274; N=1.234). Los datos abarcaron variables sociodemográficas y socioeconómicas, estado civil, condiciones de salud, factores asociados a caídas y participación en el grupo de prevención. Se utilizó la técnica estadística descriptiva de la Prueba t de Student, y las variables dicotómicas se utilizaron mediante la Prueba Chi-Cuadrado. El proyecto cumplió con los requisitos éticos. Resultados: una muestra con perfil femenino (61,7%), casada, con baja escolaridad, edad media de 71,69 años. Los factores asociados a las caídas identificados fueron sexo femenino, medicalización y participación en el grupo de prevención. No hubo asociación protectora entre la participación en un grupo de prevención de caídas en ancianos y una disminución en el número de caídas. Conclusiones: con base en la evidencia, se sugiere una intervención personalizada durante la visita de enfermería como estrategia para la prevención de caídas.

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a efetividade das orientações sobre prevenção de quedas em um grupo de idosos na Atenção Básica à Saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado com idosos selecionados por amostra aleatória simples (274; N=1.234). Os dados abrangeram variáveis sociodemográficas, socioeconômicas, estado civil, condições de saúde, fatores associados a quedas e participação no grupo de prevenção. Utilizou-se a técnica estatística descritiva teste t de Student, e as variáveis dicotômicas, pelo Teste do Qui-Quadrado. O projeto atendeu às exigências éticas. Resultados: amostragem com perfil feminino (61,7%), casados, apresentando baixa escolaridade, idade média de 71,69 anos. Os fatores associados a quedas identificados foram sexo feminino, medicalização e participação no grupo de prevenção. Não houve associação protetora entre realização de grupo de prevenção de quedas em idosos e diminuição do número de quedas. Conclusões: baseado nas evidencias, sugere-se uma intervenção personalizada durante a visita de enfermagem como estratégia para prevenção das quedas.

Transferability and characterization of microsatellite markers from Byrsonima cydoniifolia A. Juss. (MALPIGHIACEAE) in seven related taxa from Cerrado biome reveal genetic relationships.

Byrsonima Rich. is one of the largest genera of the Malpighiaceae family with 97 species occurrence in Brazil and multiple potentialities, including pharmaceutical and food industries. In this study, 17 microsatellite markers characterized in Byrsonima cydoniifolia were tested for seven related taxa, all species are native to Brazil and four are endemic. Genomic DNA was extracted from leaves tissues and 17 microsatellite markers were used to cross-amplification of microsatellite regions. Polymorphism and genetic diversity were evaluated for B. intermedia, B. verbascifolia, B. laxiflora, B. subterranea, B. umbellata, B. linearifolia. from 16 individuals and for B. viminifolia from 14 individuals. Transferred microsatellite markers panels ranged from 11 (64.8%) in B. viminifolia to 6 (35.2%) in B. umbellata. The total number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 (B. linearifolia) to 8 (B. subterranea) alleles. B. umbellata showed lower values of observed and expected heterozygosity (HO = 0.312; HE = 0.436) and B. subterranea presented the highest values (HO = 0.687; HE = 0.778). A greater number of microsatellite markers should be developed for B. umbellata. The microsatellite marker panels transferred to the species B. intermedia, B. verbascifolia, B. laxiflora, B. subterranea, B. viminifolia and B. linearifolia are very informative, with a high combined probability of exclusion of paternity (Q ≥ 0.976) and the low combined probability of identity (I ≤ 9.91 × 10-6), potentially suitable for future genetic-population studies, supporting strategies for maintaining the genetic diversity and for exploration of Byrsonima species as genetic resources.

Endodontic treatment of hypertaurodontic teeth with anatomical variations: case reports.

Taurodontism, usually associated with genetic disorders, is an anomaly in dental development in which the tooth presents with a vertically elongated pulp chamber due to an invagination failure of the Hertwig epithelial sheath. This article presents 2 case reports describing the endodontic treatment of permanent taurodontic molars in systemically healthy patients. In case 1, a maxillary left first molar presented with hypertaurodontism and 5 root canals. In case 2, a mandibular left second molar presented with hypertaurodontism and a C-shaped canal. Treatment of both teeth was based on careful radiographic evaluation with magnification, which allowed the root canal orifices to be identified and the endodontic treatment to be performed. Chemical-mechanical preparation was performed with mechanized instruments and a 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solution. As an auxiliary protocol to finish cleaning, passive ultrasonic irrigation was performed, and a thermoplastic filling technique was used. When complex internal anatomy and accessory root canals are present, endodontic treatment of a tooth presenting with hypertaurodontism can be challenging. Given the complexities of the present cases, the positive outcomes can be attributed to the use of magnification during endodontic procedures and meticulous attention to tooth preparation and obturation techniques.

Bone morphogenetic proteins in biomineralization of two endodontic restorative cements.

To assess the effect of biodentine (BD) and MTA-angelus (MTA) on biocompatibility, BMP2, BMP4, and osteocalcin (OC) expression. Subcutaneously implanted tubes of four groups (MTA, BD, Control, and Sham) were kept over 15, 30, and 60 days; histological analyses were performed using H&E and Von Kossa; ELISA quantified IL-1ß and IL-8 expression; and qRT-PCR verified gene expression of BMPs and OC. Sham showed slight changes in profile/intensity of inflammatory infiltrate in all periods. Control had an inflammatory score significantly higher than Sham at 15 days (p < .05). BD revealed a similar inflammatory response to Sham, without significant changes over periods. MTA group exhibited an increase in chronic inflammatory profile at 30 days, with significant reduction at 60 days, when compared to Sham (p < .05). At 30/60 days, experimental groups presented birefringent areas. At 30/60 days, BD and MTA significantly increase IL-1ß compared to Control, whereas an increase in IL-8 was observed only in BD. At 30/60 days, BD produces an expression of BMP2 whereas MTA influenced BMP4 and OC. Materials tested are biocompatible and they have osteoinductive activity; the materials influenced the expression of the tested mediators differently, suggesting different affinities with the substrate and the dental substrates.

Breastfeeding technique and the incidence of nipple traumas in puerperal women attended in a city hospital: intervention study / Técnica de amamentar e a incidência de traumas mamilares em puérperas atendidas em um hospital municipal: estudo de intervenção

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the effect of an intervention on the incidence of nipple trauma and the quality of breastfeeding technique in the first month of postpartum. Methods: this is a quasi-randomized intervention study with 180 puerperal women equally distributed between experimental and control groups. The intervention was performed at a maternity and consisted of an educational session on breastfeeding technique. A descrip-tive analysis of the groups' characteristics was performed, comparing the frequencies of unfa-vorable parameters related to breastfeeding technique between groups. Pearson's chi-square test and Fisher's test were used, and p≤0.05 was adopted as the critical level of significance. Results: at 30 days, 64% and 15% of the mothers used the technique correctly, respec-tively, in the experimental and control groups with RR=4.87 (CI95%=2.93-8.34); NNT=1.96 (CI95% =1.61-2.72); p<0.001. In the experimental group, a decrease was observed in the unfavorable parameters of the breastfeeding technique (p≤0.05). The incidence of nipple trauma was 30% in the experimental group and 38.9% in the control group (p=0.21). Conclusions: the intervention was insufficient to prevent nipple trauma in the experi-mental group, but significantly improved the quality in the breastfeeding technique.

Resumo Objetivos: avaliar o efeito de uma intervenção na incidência de traumas mamilares e na qualidade da técnica de amamentar no primeiro mês pós-parto. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo de intervenção quasi randomizado com 180 puérperas distribuídas entre os grupos experimental e controle. A intervenção foi realizada na mater-nidade e consistiu de sessão educativa sobre a técnica de amamentar. Foi realizada análise descritiva das características dos grupos, comparadas as frequências dos parâmetros desfa-voráveis da técnica de amamentar. O teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson e teste de Fisher foram utilizados, sendo adotado p≤ 0,05 como nível crítico de significância. Resultados: aos 30 dias, 64% e 15%, das mães apresentaram técnica correta, respectiva-mente, nos grupos experimental e controle com RR= 4,87 (IC95%=2,93-8,34); NNT= 1,96 (IC95%=1,61-2,72); p<0,001.No grupo experimental percebeu-se que houve diminuição dos parâmetros desfavoráveis da técnica de amamentar (p≤0,05). A incidência de trauma mamilar foi de 30% no grupo experimental e 38,9% no grupo controle (p=0,21). Conclusão: no grupo experimental a intervenção realizada não foi suficiente para prevenir a ocorrência de traumas mamilares, porém melhorou significantemente a qualidade da técnica de amamentar.

Effect of an educational intervention on the breastfeeding technique on the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding / Efeito de uma intervenção educativa sobre a técnica de amamentação na prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the effect of an intervention directed to the breastfeeding technique in the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first month of life. Methods: this is a quasi-randomized intervention study conducted in a public maternity ward accredited in the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative. The intervention consisted of individual orientations on the breastfeeding technique in the first 48 hours after delivery, with the help of a breast model, doll, and movie. The control group was oriented by researchers about the importance of breastfeeding, and received hospital orientations. Data were collected in the maternity ward, and at the end of the first month in the hospital's outpatient service by implementing a questionnaire, observing the baby's breastfeeding technique and examining breasts. Results: the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first month of life of the infant was 76.6% in the experimental group, and 52.2% in the control group. RR=1.46 (CI95%=1.16-1.84); NNT=4.09; p=0.001. The trained women presented a correct breast-feeding technique in 64.04%, much higher when compared to those who did not receive training (15.11%;RR=4.87[CI95%=2.93-8.34]; NNT=1.96;p<0.001). Conclusions: the use of audiovisual resources, use of instruments (model breast and doll), and type of individualized approach contributed to an increased prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding up to 30 days after delivery.

Resumo Objetivos: avaliar o efeito de uma intervenção direcionada à técnica de amamentação na prevalência de aleitamento materno exclusivo no primeiro mês de vida. Métodos: foi realizado um estudo de intervenção quasi randomizado em uma maternidade pública, credenciada como Amigo da Criança. A intervenção consistiu em orientações individuais sobre a técnica de amamentação nas primeiras 48 horas após o parto, com ajuda de seio cobaia, boneca e filme. O grupo controle foi orientado sobre a importância do aleitamento materno pelas pesquisadoras, além das orientações fornecidas pelo hospital. A coleta de dados ocorreu na maternidade e ao final do primeiro mês em serviço ambulatorial do hospital, mediante a aplicação de um questionário, observação da mamada e exame das mamas. Resultados: a prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo, no primeiro mês de vida do lactente, foi de 76,6% no grupo experimental e 52,2% no grupo controle. RR=1,46 (IC95%=1,16-1,84); NNT=4,09; p=0,001. As mulheres que sofreram a intervenção, apresentaram técnica correta de amamentação em proporção significativamente maior que os controles: 64,04% vs 15,11%, RR= 4,87 [IC95%= 2,93-8,34] NNT= 1,96; p<0,001. Conclusões: a utilização de recursos audiovisuais, uso de instrumentos (seio cobaia e boneca) e tipo de abordagem individualizada contribuíram para o aumento da prevalência do aleitamento materno exclusivo até 30 dias pós parto.

Pathologic Factors Affecting Colorectal Cancer Survival in a Jamaican Population-the UHWI Experience.

OBJECTIVE: Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common cancer and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Jamaica. Globally, CRC mortality rates have been decreasing in developed countries; however, CRC mortality rates are trending upwards in low-income or developing countries. Our objectives are to estimate the overall 5-year survival and to determine the pathologic factors associated with overall survival of colorectal adenocarcinoma after surgery at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI). METHODS: Retrospective, observational (cross-sectional) study on CRC patients. We summarized and analyzed demographic, clinical data, histopathological data, and survival rates. Single predictor Cox regression models were used to establish associations between survival and specified clinicopathological characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 217 patients who underwent operative resection of colorectal adenocarcinoma from January 2004 to December 2013. Median survival time post-therapeutic intervention was 48 months. Late stage at diagnosis, positive circumferential resection margins, neural and vascular invasion, as well as three or more nodal metastases were all associated with statistically significant worsened outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Despite surgical quality meeting USA standards, CRC survival rates in Jamaica are 13% lower than survival of CRC in non-Hispanic Blacks in the USA. The survival trends found by our study support the application of international indices for CRC prognostication to Jamaican patients.

Efficacy of sofosbuvir as treatment for yellow fever: protocol for a randomised controlled trial in Brazil (SOFFA study).

INTRODUCTION: An ongoing outbreak of yellow fever (YF) has been reported in Brazil with 1261 confirmed cases and 409 deaths since July 2017. To date, there is no specific treatment available for YF. Recently published papers describing in vitro and animal models suggest a potential effect of antiviral drugs (approved for the treatment of hepatitis virus) against flaviviruses, including YF. The primary aim of this study is to analyse the effect of sofosbuvir on viral kinetics and clinical outcomes among patients presenting with YF. This is a multicentre open-label randomised controlled trial with 1:1 individual allocation, stratified by severity and by recruiting centre. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Adults with suspected or confirmed YF infection and symptoms lasting up to 15 days are screened. Eligible and consenting patients are randomised to receive oral sofosbuvir 400 mg daily for 10 days or to receive standard clinical care. Viral kinetics are measured daily and the reduction in YF plasma viral load from the sample at inclusion to 72 hours after randomisation will be compared between active and control groups. Clinical outcomes include severity meeting criteria for intensive care support, liver transplantation, in-hospital mortality and mortality within 60 days. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval was obtained at the participating sites and at the national research ethics committee (CAAE 82673018.6.1001.0068). The trial has been submitted for ethical approval at additional potential recruiting centres. Results of the study will be published in journals and presented at scientific meetings. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry (RBR-93dp9n).

Accuracy of Determine TB-LAM Ag to detect TB in HIV infected patients associated with diagnostic methods used in Brazilian public health units.

BACKGROUND: Determine TB-LAM Ag (LAM) is a point of care test developed to diagnose tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of LAM in people living with HIV using Brazilian public health network algorithm for TB diagnosis. METHODS AND FINDINGS: A cross-sectional study design was used to enroll 199 adult patients in two sites in Rio de Janeiro and two in São Paulo. The study enrolled HIV-infected patients with CD4 counts ≤200 cells/mm3 (in the Alere PIMA CD4 assay at study screening), patients coughing for at least 2 weeks or presenting a chest radiography suggestive of TB. LAM, in conjunction with sputum smear microscopy or Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) as compared to Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture, which was used as a reference standard. TB prevalence was 24.6%. Overall accuracy of LAM was 79.9% (73.8%-84.9%), positive and negative predictive values were 62.2% (46.1%-75.9%) and 84% (77.5%-88.8%), respectively. The overall LAM sensitivity was 46.9% (33.7%-60.6%) and specificity was 90.7% (84.9%-94.4%). The best performance of LAM was observed among patients with CD4 counts ≤50 cells/mm3 (sensitivity = 70.4% and specificity = 85.9%). When 2 respiratory smears were used in conjunction with LAM, sensitivity increased 22%, as compared to just 2 smears. Furthermore, LAM when used in conjunction with two respiratory smears, was as sensitive as compared to a single one. However, no improvement in TB diagnosis occurred when LAM was used with Xpert as compared to Xpert alone. Among 14 LAM false positive tests, Non-Tuberculosis Mycobacteria were isolated in three cases. CONCLUSION: LAM is a point of care test that increased TB diagnosis in immunosuppressed HIV-infected patients when used in conjunction with smear microscopy, but not when used with Xpert in Brazilian public health network sites. Use of LAM test should be considered in settings where immunosuppressed HIV patients need rapid TB diagnosis.

Phytoremediation of arsenic-contaminated water by Lemna Valdiviana: An optimization study.

Phytoremediation is a technique in which plants are used to treat contaminated media. The objective of this study was to monitor the influence of the parameters pH, phosphate concentration, and nitrate concentration in the process of arsenic absorption by Lemna valdiviana Phil. The response surface methodology was used to analyze the data to subsidize actions that maximize the phytoremediation process. A central composite rotational design (CCRD) was used with 3 variables including 6 axial points and 6 repetitions at the central point, totaling 20 trials. The plants were exposed to a constant concentration of arsenic in the optimization test of 0.5 mg L-1 (NaAsO2) and varied levels of pH, P-PO4, and N-NO3 in a period of 7 d. At the end of the experiment, the mass of arsenic removed from water and arsenic accumulated in the plants, the arsenic species present, the relative growth rate of plants (RGR), the tolerance index (TI), and the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) were calculated. Lemna valdiviana absorbed a greater amount of As when cultivated under pH conditions between 6.3 and 7.0, readily available phosphorus (P-PO4) concentration of 0.0488 mmol L-1, and nitrogen in the form of 7.9 mmol L-1 nitrate. Under these conditions, the plants were able to accumulate 1190 mg kg-1 As (in dry weight) from the aqueous media and reduce 82% of its initial concentration. Therefore, Lemna valdiviana has been shown to be an arsenic bioaccumulating macrophyte with high phytoremediation potential for media contaminated with the metalloid.

O cuidado ao adolescente com câncer na perspectiva da equipe multiprofissional / Care for adolescents with cancer from the perspective of the multidisciplinary team

O adoecimento por câncer na adolescência apresenta especificidades do ponto de vista biopsicossocial, o que coloca desafios à equipe na prestação de uma assistência de qualidade. Diante disso, este estudo teve como objetivo compreender a vivência do cuidado ao adolescente com câncer, na perspectiva da equipe multiprofissional de um Serviço de Onco-Hematologia adulto, de um hospital geral do sul do país, que atende adolescentes a partir dos quinze anos. Para tal, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com nove profissionais que compõem a equipe multiprofissional. A análise qualitativa foi feita por meio da análise de conteúdo. Os dados foram organizados em quatro categorias: especificidades do cuidado ao adolescente com câncer, sentimentos mobilizados nos profissionais de saúde, estratégias de enfrentamento utilizadas pela equipe e desafios na assistência. A partir dos resultados, identificou-se que o cuidado ao adolescente com câncer tem impacto emocional significativo nos profissionais de saúde, exigindo investimento técnico e emocional para que eles possam suportar tal desafio.

Teenage cancer disease presents biopsychosocial specificities, which poses challenges to the team in the provision of quality care. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the experience of care for adolescents with cancer, from the perspective of the multiprofessional team of an adult Onco-Hematology Service, of a general hospital in the south of the country, which serves adolescents from the age of fifteen. For that, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine professionals who make up the multiprofessional team. The analysis was qualitative, through the content analysis method. The data were organized into four categories: specifics of adolescent care with cancer, feelings mobilized in health professionals, coping strategies used by the team, and challenges in care. From the results, it was identified that the care to the adolescent with cancer has significant emotional impact on the health professionals, requiring their technical and emotional investment.

Kinetics of arsenic absorption by the species Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna valdiviana under optimized conditions.

This work aimed to study the kinetics of arsenic absorption by Eichhornia crassipes and Lemna valdiviana under pre-established conditions of pH phosphate and nitrate in the nutrient solution. Additional aims were to evaluate the conversion kinetics between As(III) and As(V), and the effect of arsenic concentrations on development of the species. The plants were cultivated in nutrient solutions containing different arsenic concentrations: 0, 0.56, 0.89 and 1.38 mg L-1 for the water-hyacinth, and 0, 0.13, 0.48, 0.99 and 1.4 mg L-1 for Lemna. Monitoring of arsenic removal by the plants was performed by sampling at intervals of 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 96, 144, 192 and 240 h for the water hyacinth, and 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 96, 144 and 168 h for Lemna. The samples were submitted to analysis of total arsenic, As(III), As(V) and phosphorus. The first-order kinetics was fit to the arsenic removal kinetics by the plants, and it was observed that the decay coefficient (k) decreased with the increase of its initial concentration in the nutrient solution. For the, absorption was observed after 96 h of culture, the time coinciding with the greatest As(V) concentrations. For Lemna, the metal was only absorbed by the plant after decay of the phosphate levels of the medium, which occurred at 48 h. Concentrations above 1 mg L-1 implied deleterious effects in both plant species and in the phytoremediation process, and the bioaccumulation factor decreased for concentration above this for both E. crassipes and L. valdiviana.

Optimization of arsenic phytoremediation using Eichhornia crassipes.

This study aimed to evaluate the pH, phosphate, and nitrate in the process of arsenic absorption by Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth), using the surface response methodology, in order to optimize the process. The plants were exposed to a concentration of arsenic of 0.5 mg L-1 (NaAsO2) over a period of 10 days. The results indicated optimal levels for the absorption of arsenic by E. crassipes at pH equal to 7.5, absence of phosphate, and minimum nitrate level of 0.0887 mmol L-1. For the tested concentration, E. crassipes was able to accumulate 498.4 mg kg-1 of As (dry base) in its plant tissue and to reduce 83% of the initial concentration present in the aqueous medium where it was cultivated. The concentration of phosphorus in solution linearly increased the phosphorus content in the plants and negatively influenced the absorption of arsenic. The concentration of 0.5 mg L-1 of As did not significantly affect the relative growth rate (RGR) and the tolerance index (TI). 94% of As (III) initially solubilized in water was converted by the end of the experiment period into As (V). The water hyacinth was important in the phytoremediation of arsenic when cultivated under optimal conditions for its removal.

Serotonin induces peripheral antinociception via the opioidergic system.

PURPOSE: Studies conducted since 1969 have shown that the release of serotonin (5-HT) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord contributes to opioid analgesia. In the present study, the participation of the opioidergic system in antinociceptive effect serotonin at the peripheral level was examined. METHODS: The paw pressure test was used with mice (Swiss, males from 35 g) which had increased pain sensitivity by intraplantar injection of PGE2 (2 µg). Serotonin (250 ng), administered locally to the right paw of animals, produces antinociception in this model. RESULTS: The selective antagonists for mu, delta and kappa opioid receptors, clocinnamox clocinnamox (40 µg), naltrindole (60 µg) and nor-binaltorfimina (200 µg), respectively, inhibited the antinociceptive effect induced by serotonin. Additionally, bestatin (400 µg), an inhibitor of enkephalinases that degrade peptides opioids, enhanced the antinociceptive effect induced by serotonin (low dose of 62.5 ng). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that serotonin possibly induce peripheral antinociception through the release of endogenous opioid peptides, possible from immune cells or keratinocytes.

Fatores que influenciam a escolha do tipo de parto na percepção das puérperas / Factores que influyen en la elección del tipo de nacimiento en la percepción de las puerperas / Factors that influence the choice of birth type regarding the perception of puerperal women

Objective: To understand the factors that influence the process of choosing the type of delivery, from the perception of mothers. Methods: This is a qualitative and descriptive research, held at the Women’s Hospital Midwife Maria Correia, Mossoró/RN. A total of 14 mothers were interviewed. Data were analyzed according to the Collective Subject Discourse technique. The study was submitted to the Ethics Committee in Research of Universidade Potiguar approved under the number CAAE: 38520214.0.0000.5296. Results: Women’s desire a birth delivery without complications and fast recovery. The influences of the “fear of pain” and individual experiences and other women for choosing the type of delivery are significant. Conclusion: We emphasize the importance of access to prenatal quality actions that provide safe choices, clarifying doubts and future mother’s wishes, reassuringly for delivery.

Objetivo: Comprender, a partir de la percepción de las madres, los factores que influyen en la elección del tipo de parto. Métodos: Se trata de una investigación cualitativa y descriptiva, que tuvo lugar en el Hospital de la Mujer de la partera María Correia, em Mossoró/RN. Fueron entrevistadas 14 madres. Los datos fueron analizados de acuerdo a la técnica del Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. El estudio fue presentado al Comité de Ética en Investigación de la Universidad Potiguar con número de autorización CAAE: 38520214.0.0000.5296. Resultados: Las mujeres apuntan al deseo de un nacimiento sin complicaciones y una recuperación rápida. Las influencias del “miedo al dolor” y las experiencias individuales y otras mujeres para elegir el tipo de parto son significativos. Conclusión: Destacamos la importancia del acceso a las acciones de calidad prenatales que proporcionan opciones seguras, aclarar dudas y deseos futuros de la madre, de modo tranquilizador para la entrega.

Objetivo: Compreender, a partir da percepção das puérperas, os fatores que influenciam na escolha ao tipo de parto. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa do tipo qualitativo e descritivo, realizado no Hospital da Mulher Parteira Maria Correia, município de Mossoró/RN. Foram entrevistadas 14 parturientes. Os dados foram analisados de acordo com a Técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. A pesquisa foi submetida ao Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Potiguar, aprovado, sob o número do CAAE: 38520214.0.0000.5296. Resultados: As puérperas apontam o desejo de um parto sem intercorrências e com recuperação rápida. São significativas as influências do “medo da dor” e das experiências individuais e de outras mulheres para a escolha da via de parto. Conclusão: Ressalta-se a relevância do acesso ao pré-natal de qualidade, com ações que proporcionem escolhas seguras, esclarecendo dúvidas e anseios da futura mãe, tranquilizando-a para o momento do parto.

Índice de conhecimento das gestantes portadoras do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) acerca de sua patologia / Index of knowledge of pregnant women carriers of the Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) about its pathology

O presente estudo trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa realizada com Gestantes Portadoras do Vírus da ImunodeficiênciaHumana (HIV) acerca de sua Patologia, realizada no Instituto de Medicina Integrada Professor Fernando Figueira-IMIP, com afinalidade de verificar o índice de conhecimento das gestantes portadoras do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) a cercade sua patologia. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário semi-estruturado. Na análise dos dados verificou-seque grande parte das gestantes passando de 50% das entrevistadas, tem conhecimento sobre o seu tratamento, autocuidado,prevenção, conhecimento da medicação, tipo de parto, importância da realização do pré-natal, exames, entre outros. Opresente estudo permitiu conhecer melhor a realidade de cada gestante a respeito do seu conhecimento diante de todo otratamento e a importância de um acompanhamento integrado para si e para o seu filho.

The Present Study this is quantitative research conducted with pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) to their About Pathology, held at the Institute of Integrated Medicine Professor Fernando Figueira–IMIP, with the purpose ofverifying the content knowledge of pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about its pathology. Data werecollected through a semi-structured questionnaire. In analyzing the data it was found that most pregnant women from 50% ofrespondents, is knowledgeable about your treatment, care, prevention, knowledge of medication, type of delivery, the importanceof performing prenatal examinations, among other . This study allowed us to know better the reality of every pregnant womanabout her knowledge before any treatment and the importance of an integrated monitoring for you and your son.

Este estudio trata de un estudio cuantitativo de las mujeres embarazadas con el virus de inmunodeficienciahumana (VIH) sobre su patología, que se celebró en el Instituto de Medicina Integrada Profesor Fernando Figueira, IMIP, conel fin de verificar el índice de conocimiento de las mujeres embarazadas con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) acerca de su condición. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de un cuestionario semi-estructurado. En el análisis de datosse encontró que las mujeres más embarazadas aumentó del 50% de los encuestados, es conocedor de su tratamiento,el cuidado, la prevención, el conocimiento de la medicación, tipo de parto, la importancia de la realización de exámenesprenatales, entre otros . Este estudio nos permitió comprender mejor la realidad de cada mujer acerca de su conocimientoantes de que todo el tratamiento y la importancia de un seguimiento integrado para ti y tu hijo.

Probabilidade de sobrevivência dos pacientes vítima de trauma, atendidos em um hospital de emergência / Probability of survival of patients who are victims of trauma, in an emergency hospital

O trauma é considerado um problema de saúde pública, pelo impacto que representa na qualidade de vida,relacionadas tanto com a hospitalização como com a necessidade de reabilitação. Os traumatismos são responsáveis por grande número de óbitos, provocam invalidez prolongada ou até mesmo permanente. A pesquisa tem finalidade de calcular o perfil epidemiológico e a probabilidade de sobrevivência das vítimas de trauma atendidas em um hospital de emergência de acordo com o Revised Trauma Score (RTS). O presente estudo trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa realizada com pacientes vítimas de trauma, atendidos no Hospital Getúlio Vargas. A análise do sobre a repercussão fisiológica segundo o RTS enuncia um perfil de vítimas com grandes chances de sobrevivência no ambiente hospitalar, pois houve uma prevalência de pacientes com índice 7,84 (0,988). Essa demonstração torna-se ainda mais satisfatório ao perceber uma aumento do número de vítimas que alcançam este índice dentro de uma rede hospitalizada.

Índice de conhecimento das gestantes portadoras do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) acerca de sua patologia / knowledge index of pregnant women with the virus Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) about their disease

O presente estudo trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa realizada com Gestantes Portadoras do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (HIV) acerca de sua Patologia, realizada no Instituto de Medicina Integrada Professor Fernando Figueira-IMIP, com a finalidade de verificar o índice de conhecimento das gestantes portadoras do Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana (H IV) a cerca de sua patologia. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário semi-estruturado. Na análise dos dados verificou-se que grande parte das gestantes passando de 50% das entrevistadas, tem conhecimento sobre o seu tratamento, autocuidado, prevenção conhecimento da medicação tipo de parto importância da realização do pré-natal exames entre outros O presente estudo permitiu conhecer melhor a realidade de cada gestante a respeito do seu conhecimento diante de todo o tratamento e a importância de um acompanhamento integrado para si e para o seu filho...

The Present Study this is quantitative research conducted with pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to their About Pathology, held at the Institute of Integrated Medicine Professor Fernando Figueira-IMIp, with the purpose of verifying the content knowledge of pregnant women with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) about its pathology. Data were collected through a semi-structured questionnaire. In analyzing the data it was found that most pregnant women from 50% of respondents, is knowledgeable about your treatment, care, prevention, knowledge of medication, type of delivery, the importance of performing prenatal examinations, among other . This study allowed us to know better the reality of every pregnant woman about her knowledge before any treatment and the importance of an integrated monitoring for you and your son...

Este estudio trata de un estudio cuantitativo de las mujeres embarazadas con el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) sobre su patología, que se celebró en el Instituto de Medicina Integrada Profesor Fernando Figueira, IMIP, con el fin de verificar el índice de conocimiento de las mujeres embarazadas con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) a cerca de su condición. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de un cuestionario semi-estructurado. En el análisis de datos se encontró que las mujeres más embarazadas aumentó dei 50% de los encuestados, es conocedor de su tratamiento, el cuidado, la prevención, el conocimiento de la medicación, tipo de parto, la importancia de la realización de exámenes prenatales, entre otros . Este estudio nos permitió comprender mejor la realidad de cada mujer acerca de su conocimiento antes de que todo el tratamiento y la importancia de un seguimiento integrado para ti y tu hijo...