Development of the Patient Advocacy Scale for Intensive Care Nurses.

Background and Purpose: To describe the process of developing and validating the content of the Patient Advocacy Scale for Nurses in Intensive Care (EAPEnf-UTI). Methods: Methodological research. To achieve the elaboration objective, five stages were developed: (a) definition of the theme, (b) generation of the number of items, (c) determination of the measurement format, (d) validation of face and content, and (e) content adjustment. Results: The instrument elaborated from a survey and integrative literature review, and the measurement format chosen was the 5-point Likert scale. The validation of face and content was performed by expert judges and by pretest. The final instrument had 57 items. Conclusion: EAPEnf-UTI is a pioneering instrument built in the Brazilian context, whose future validation will allow the capturing of situations specific to intensive care units and the professional practice of intensive care nurses.

Adaptation and Validation of a Moral Distress Instrument in Mental Health Nurses.

Background and Purpose: To adapt and validate the Brazilian Scale of Moral Distress in Nurses for the mental health field. Methods: A cross-sectional methodological study was carried out, adapted with the contribution of 34 specialists, and validated by 173 mental health nurses. Results: The validated scale consists of 37 items divided into seven factors, and they were responsible for 77.2% of variance-working conditions, advocacy for the values and rights, professional safety and autonomy, ethical violations, social conflicts, ethical-professional competence, and conflicts with the management, with Cronbach's alpha at .972 for the entire instrument, and ranging from .852 to .949 for the constructs. Conclusion: The results provide evidence that the adapted instrument is reliable, valid, and consistent in measuring moral distress in mental health nurses.

Development and Validation of a Moral Distress Scale for Nursing Students.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop and validate a scale to measure the frequency and the intensity of the moral distress experienced by nursing students. METHOD: Methodological study in which a guideline with eight steps: (a) to determine what to measure, (b) to produce items, (c) format to measure, (d) review by experts, (e) validation of items, (f) sample, (g) assessment (h) scale length was used to develop and validate a scale. The sample was composed of 499 undergraduate nursing students from three Brazilian universities. RESULTS: Six constructs were identified in the factor analysis. The instrument and dimensions presented satisfactory internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients equal to .97 and between .60 and .97, respectively. CONCLUSION: The developed scale is able to analyze the intensity and the frequency of Moral Distress in nursing students, in a valid and reliable way.

Reliving the debate concerning nursing education: from where we departed and to where we are going / Reviviendo el debate de la formación en Enfermería: de dónde partimos y a dónde vamos / Revisitando o debate da formação em Enfermagem: de onde partimos e para onde vamos

Objective. To identify the perception of both students and professors from a graduate nursing program in the South of Brazil concerning the historical process of nursing education in the country. Methodology. Qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study. Data were collected from professors using semi-structured interviews and focus groups with 12 students, analyzed using Minayo's operational proposal. The following categories emerged: 'from where we departed'; 'transition process'; and 'to where we are going'. Results. The participants showed knowledge concerning the process that permeates the education of Brazilian nurses from the establishment of the first school and determination of national curricular guidelines, highlighting challenges and future prospects. Conclusion. There is advancement toward the reorientation of educating more critical, creative nurses aligned with the demands of the Brazilian Unified Health System.

Objetivo.Conocer la percepción de los alumnos y de los profesores de un programa de posgrado en enfermería del sur de Brasil acerca del proceso histórico de formación en enfermería en el mismo país. Metodología. Investigación cualitativa, exploratoria-descriptiva que utilizó como técnicas de recolección de los datos la entrevista semiestruturada con 4 profesores y grupos focales con 12 alumnos que fueron analizados por la propuesta operativa de Minayo. De este proceso emergieron las categorías de 'dónde partimos', el proceso de transición y el 'a dónde vamos'. Resultados. Los participantes mostraron el reconocimiento de los procesos que permean la formación del enfermero brasileño desde la creación de la primera escuela hasta la determinación de las directrices curriculares nacionales, destacándose los desafíos y futuras perspectivas. Conclusión. Se avanza hacia la reorientación de la formación en enfermeros más críticos, creativos y conectados con las demandas del Sistema Único de Salud.

Objetivo. Conhecer a percepção dos alunos e dos professores de um programa de pós-graduação em enfermaria do sul do Brasil a respeito do processo histórico de formação em enfermagem no mesmo país. Metodologia. Investigação qualitativa, exploratória-descritiva que utilizou como técnicas de recolha dos dados a entrevista semiestruturada com 4 professores e grupos focais com 12 alunos que foram analisados pela proposta operativa de Minayo. Deste processo emergiram as categorias de 'onde partimos', o processo de transição e o 'a onde vamos'. Resultados. Os participantes mostraram o reconhecimento dos processos que permeiam a formação do enfermeiro brasileiro desde a criação da primeira escola até a determinação das diretrizes curriculares nacionais, destacando-se os desafios e futuras perspectivas. Conclusão. Está-se avançando para a reorientação da formação em enfermeiros mais críticos, criativos e conectados às demandas do Sistema Único de Saúde(SUS).

Discursos pronunciados en los procesos éticos de enfermería: análisis de los elementos de sustentación / Speeches given on nursing ethical processes: supporting elements analysis

Objetivo principal: analizar los elementos de sustentación de discursos ético-profesionales, a partir de un caso ejemplar de proceso ético juzgado. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo con diseño exploratorio-descriptivo y documental, teniendo como fuente procesos éticos tramitados y archivados en el Consejo Regional de Enfermería/SC (Brasil), en el período de 1999 a 2007. Resultados principales: el caso ejemplar seleccionado (responsabilidad ético-profesional) es representativo de discursos profesionales presentes en procesos éticos, en sus elementos de sustentación (enunciados, reglas y prácticas), y describe las referencias usadas por los profesionales para justificar sus deliberaciones morales, o dar legitimidad a los discursos accionados en estos juicios. Conclusión principal: los elementos de sustentación de los discursos, articulados en un modelo empírico analítico, son interesantes por dar visibilidad a los diseños de procesos de deliberación moral y, también, por suministrar un diseño general de los procesos éticos en su capacidad de "hablar para" y "hablar de la" Enfermería (AU)

Main goal: analyzing the supporting elements of ethical - professional discourses, from an exemplary case of a judged ethical process. Methodology: Qualitative study with documentary, descriptive and exploratory design, having as a source the ethical procedures conducted and filed at the Regional Council of Nursing / SC (Brazil), between 1999 and 2007. Main results: the exemplary case selected (ethical - professional responsibility) is representative from professional discourses that are present in ethical processes, in their supporting elements (statements, rules and practices) and describes references used by practitioners to justify their moral decisions or give legitimacy to the speeches triggered in those judgments. Main conclusion: discourses' supporting elements, articulated in the analytical -empirical model, are interesting for giving visibility to the intricacies of moral deliberation processes, and also, for providing a general design of ethical processes in their ability to "talk to" and "talk about" nursing (AU)

Foucault & Enfermería. Arriesgarse a pensar de otros modos / Foucault & nursing: risking thinking in other ways

Este artículo analiza la producción científica de la enfermería brasileña, para evidenciar aquellas que utilizaron Foucault como referencial teórico. Reconoce la relación entre el postgrado, la investigación y la consolidación de un campo del saber y de las prácticas académicamente legitimadas. Utiliza como material empírico 27 resúmenes de tesis y disertaciones de enfermería desarrolladas de 1972 a 2003, con referencial foucaultneano, que fueron publicados en los Catálogos del Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones en Enfermería de la ABEn. Organiza el análisis en torno a los ejes: estudios históricos, género y sexualidad, trabajo e identidad de la enfermería. En esta dirección, la producción existente apunta hacia nuevas posibilidades de pensar el propio pensamiento como producto y como productivo de discursos con potencial para imponer ordenamientos a lo real y en constituir sujetos capaces de concebir y actuar de modos específicos sobre sí mismos, el otro y la vida social

This article analyzes scientific production of Brazilian Nursing, evidencing those that utilize Foucault as a theoretical reference. It recognizes the relationship between academically legitimized field of knowledge and practice. It utilizes 27 abstracts of doctorate dissertations and master’s thesis developed from 1972 to 2003 with references to Foucault published in the Catalogues of the Nursing Research and Study Center of Brazilian Nursing Association-ABEn, as its empirical material. The Study is organized and analyzed upon the following themes: historical studies; gender and sexuality; work and nursing identity. In this light, the existing production points out new possibilities for thinking about the very thoughts as products and as productive of discussion with the potential to impose ordination upon the real, and to constitute subjects that are capable of conceiving and acting in specific ways concerning themselves, others, and social life (AU)