RESUMO
1. This study presents the results of a 30-week double-blind, placebo-controlled trial exploring the effectiveness of ascorbic acid (8g/70kg/day) as a supplemental pharmacological treatment for autistic children in residential treatment. 2. Residential school children (N = 18) were randomly assigned to either ascorbate-ascorbate-placebo treatment order group or ascorbate-placebo-ascorbate treatment order group. Each treatment phase lasted 10 weeks and behaviors were rated weekly using the Ritvo-Freeman scale. 3. Significant group by phase interactions were found for total scores and also sensory motor scores indicating a reduction in symptom severity associated with the ascorbic acid treatment. 4. These results were consistent with a hypothesized dopaminergic mechanism of action of ascorbic acid.
Assuntos
Ácido Ascórbico/uso terapêutico , Transtorno Autístico/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Transtorno Autístico/psicologia , Criança , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Escalas de Graduação PsiquiátricaRESUMO
Ascorbic acid inhibited the specific binding of both the D1 agonist, [3H] SKF 38393, and the D2 agonist, [3H] N-0437 at physiologically relevant concentrations. This inhibition was both stereospecific and receptor selective. Using ligand concentrations approximating their KD's, the IC50's for ascorbate and two structural analogues, isoascorbate and D-glucoascorbate, were determined. The rank order of IC50's at both D1 and D2 were D-glucoascorbate greater than isoascorbate greater than ascorbate. However, the IC50 for each compound was greater at D1 than D2. Evaluation of the relationship between the IC50 for ascorbate and the ligand concentration using both the D1 and the D2 ligand yielded data inconsistent with competitive inhibition models. Preliminary experiments were conducted to evaluate the site and type of inhibition with results consistent with an allostearic effect at the level of the receptor.
Assuntos
2,3,4,5-Tetra-Hidro-7,8-Di-Hidroxi-1-Fenil-1H-3-Benzazepina/antagonistas & inibidores , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Dopaminérgicos/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores Dopaminérgicos/metabolismo , Tetra-Hidronaftalenos/antagonistas & inibidores , Tiofenos/antagonistas & inibidores , 2,3,4,5-Tetra-Hidro-7,8-Di-Hidroxi-1-Fenil-1H-3-Benzazepina/metabolismo , Animais , Ácido Ascórbico/análogos & derivados , Corpo Estriado/efeitos dos fármacos , Corpo Estriado/metabolismo , Dopaminérgicos/metabolismo , Heptoses/farmacologia , Cinética , Ligantes , Masculino , Ratos , Estereoisomerismo , Tetra-Hidronaftalenos/metabolismo , Tiofenos/metabolismoRESUMO
It has been observed that black preschool children low income families have a higher than average rate of referral from a school vision screening program. One potential contributing factor results from the fact that examiners often modified the referral criteria based on their clinical judgment. This study was designed to investigate the influence of the application of clinical judgment on the proportion of referrals as a function of ethnicity and socioeconomic income level. The results suggest that modifying the referral criteria based on clinical judgment does not significantly influence the proportion of referrals based on ethnicity or socioeconomic income level.
