[I. Borderlines between orthodontics and oral surgery]. / I. Nahtstellen in der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Kieferorthopädie und Kieferchirurgie.

The division of responsibility between orthodontics and surgery is determined by the severity of deviation in facial development. In young, growing patients the border cannot be always determined at first. As a result there is an area of overlap whose extent is primarily influenced by the developmental age and cooperativeness of the patient, as well as by the cephalofacial type and therefore growth pattern. When the indications are for a surgical treatment of the facial structures, thre is a fundamental change in the orthodontic goals. One of the first steps of a joint planning must be the determination of which facial structures, in which directions and to what extent, must be the determination of which facial structures, in which directions and to what extent, should be surgically moved. The proposed, but not yet realised, skeletal outline is the matrix for the orthodontic preparation. The presurgical efforts include, at a minimum, the removal of occlusal barriers that would interfere with the surgical displacement of the skeletal units and at a maximum, the anticipating coordination of both arches so that immediately after surgery perfect occlusal harmony is reached.

[Orthodontic therapy using removable and fixed appliances--a statement of position]. / Kieferorthopädische Therapie mittels abnehmbarer und festsitzender Apparatur - eine Standortbestimmung

Even in the planning process of orthodontic therapy the primary question should not be directed to the type of appliance to be used. An outline of basic considerations is presented, the evaluation of which leads in a logical way to the choice of appliance and the appropriate procedure. No controversy can evolve between "removable" and "fixed" provided the orthodontist is capable in both sectors. In regard to fixed appliance, it can be stated that the technical limitations of the edgewise mechanism--designed by Angle almost 50 years ago, in the meantime modified and again supplemented by a variety of extraoral force systems--still exceed by far the biologically imposed limitations. The technical versatility of this mechanism could fulfill until now almost all of the changing demands of orthodontic therapy which derived from the continuously enlarging spectrum of knowledge.