[Pseudophakic retinal detachment from personal material]. / Odwarstwienie siatkówki w oczach pseudofakijnych w materiale wlasnym.

PURPOSE: To analyse retinal detachment in pseudophakic eyes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of 23 pseudophakic patients with retinal detachment operated at the Department of Ophthalmology in Bydgoszcz in the period from 1996 to 1998. The following factors were evaluated: time interval to retinal detachment surgery from the date of cataract surgery, intraoperative complications during the cataract extraction, state of posterior capsule, type and location of retinal tears, extension of retinal detachment, anatomical and functional results and state of fellow eye. RESULTS: Retinal detachment occurred in 65.2% pseudophakic eyes in the period shorter than 3 years after cataract extraction and IOL implantation and in 34.8% more than 5 years after this operation. In 17.4% pseudophakic eyes posterior capsula was ruptured intraoperatively, in 17.4% YAG capsulotomy and in 4.3% surgical capsulotomy were performed. In 56.5% eyes posterior capsula was intact. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest possibility of the occurrence of delayed retinal detachment in pseudophakic eyes. The rupture of posterior capsule is not the only risk factor for this disease.

Desorption transition at charged interfaces: theoretical approach and experimental evidence

A field theory is used to describe an ionic solution in contact with a charged and adsorbing wall. The Hamiltonian, a functional of the ionic density fields, contains the entropy, the electrostatic energy, a nonlocal Van der Waals type contribution preventing sharp density variations, and an adsorption potential. The mean-field equations are solved numerically. However, they can be recasted so as to put in evidence a one parameter Lie group structure, which is a generalization of the charge-translation symmetry present in the Gouy-Chapman theory. There is a region in the charge-adsorption parameter space where this symmetry is broken, which corresponds to a desorption transition for the ionic species. The properties of this transition are investigated. Finally, this desorption phenomenon provides a simple explanation for a general feature in the properties of metal-electrolyte interfaces: the branching pattern observed in the experimental capacitance curves for a series of electrolytes. The part of the capacitance curves which is independent of the nature of the ions is related to the absence of interaction of the ionic species with the wall once the desorption takes place.

Changes in axial length after retinal detachment surgery.

PURPOSE: To evaluate changes in axial length and corneal curvature after an encircling procedure combined with segmental buckling. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively analysed cases with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated with an encircling band and scleral buckling surgery, comparing the pre-and postoperative ultrasonographic measurements of axial length and corneal curvature, and patients' age and sex in relation to the axial length of the eyeballs. We studied 74 patients (25 female, 49 male, aged 14-78 years, mean 46.7 years), who underwent retinal detachment surgery in 1995 and 1996. RESULTS: Axial eye length was significantly increased by surgery (median 0.77 mm one month after surgery). One year after treatment the elongation of the eye had decreased by 0.20 mm. The average increase of corneal curvature was 0.22 D one month after surgery, and 0.43 D at one year. The distribution of axial length showed a significant preponderance of eyes with a longer axial length among males. CONCLUSIONS: Encircling with a scleral buckling procedure with moderate indentation causes axial elongation of the eye.

[Evaluation of the use of intravitreal air in retinal detachment surgery]. / Ocena zastosowania endotamponady powietrzem w chirurgii odwarstwienia siatkówki.

PURPOSE: To analyse the effects and complications after the use of intravitreal air in retinal surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 185 patients (89 female, 96 male, aged from 12 to 81 years) with retinal detachment treated in the Department of Ophthalmology in Bydgoszcz in the period from 1992 to 1997, in whom intravitreal air was used. Patients with breaks lying above the 5 and 7 o'clock meridians were included in the treatment with intravitreal air. Follow-up period was from 6 months to 5 years. RESULTS: In 94% of cases the treatment was successful. In 2.7% the transient rise of intraocular pressure was noted. CONCLUSION: The use of intravitreal air in retinal surgery is an effective, safe, easy to perform, cheap and commonly available method used in retinal detachment surgery.

[Corneal topography before and after radial keratotomy]. / Topografia rogówki przed i po keratotomii radialnej.

PURPOSE: Evaluation of corneal topography of patients examined before and after radial keratotomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: There were 23 patients (40 eyes) examined at our department. The corneal shape was evaluated by use of EYE-SYS company equipment. RESULTS: Postoperatively marked flattening of the central cornea was noticed with hypercorrection which decreased during postoperative period up to six months. Good postoperative results persisted after 18 months. Additional corneal incisions during RK decreased astigmatism effectively. CONCLUSION: Examination and corneal shape analysis before and after RK enabled an objective and quantitative evaluation of this procedure.

[Late results of the treatment of eye burns]. / Odlegla ocena wyników leczenia oparzen oczu.

An analysis of patients treated in the Ophthalmic Department in Bydgoszcz for eye burns in the 10 years period from 1980 till 1990. Taken into account were the causes of burns, the treatment installed in the early period and in cases of late complications. All the patients were asked to call in for a control examination in order to compare the condition of the eyes at the date of discharge and in the long-lasting time. Among 118 eyes in 91 the visual acuity amounted 0.5-1.0, in the remaining 25 it was only hand movements--0.4. The main causes of low visual acuity were: corneal leucoma, secondary glaucoma, complicated cataract. The eye was enucleated in 2 patients because a painful ocular atrophy developed in the course of the pathological process. These were the cases of thermal burns combined with a mechanical injury. The obtained results were evaluated as sufficiently favourable and comparable to the data of other authors.

[Study od visual evoked potentials in employees of the Chemical Works in Bydgoszcz]. / Badanie wzrokowych potencjalów wywolanych u pracowników Zakladów Chemicznych w Bydgoszczy.

Examined was a group of 50 persons aged 25-60 years employed in the Chemical Works in Bydgoszcz. The time of professional contact counted from 4 month to 31 years. During this time the workers had contact with the following--at least 2--compounds: chlorine and its derivates, benzene, propylene, katolite, phosgene, isocyanianes, epichlorohydrine and others. In 33 among 50 examinees (66 p.c.) the authors detected a normal record of VEP. A pathological record was observed in 17 persons (34 p.c.). The greatest per cent of pathological records concerned a group of professional practice amounting 20-29 years as well as persons undertaking the work before the 25th year of life. The most frequent pathological record of VEP was a curve with reduced amplitude of the P wave; the least frequently seen was the debasement of the amplitude together with the elongation of the latent time of this wave.