New aspects of postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment with micronized estradiol and progesterone.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of postmenopausal osteoporosis treatment with natural sex hormones. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The single-blind study included 210 women, randomly allocated to three different groups, with various methods of treatment: Group I (70 controls) received transcutaneous placebo for the course of one year, Group II (70 females, aged 52.2 ± 3.1 years) used oral hormone supplementary therapy (HST), and Group III (70 females, aged 51.9 ± 3.5 years) received transcutaneous modified hormone replacement therapy (MHRT), supplemented with intravaginal lutein, dietary minerals, and 1000 IU of vitamin D3/day. RESULTS: No increase in bone mineral density was observed in the control group. However, mineral density of the vertebral bodies was significantly higher after 3 and 5 years in the HST group (p < 0.05), and after 1 year in the MHRT group (p < 0.01). This increase was even more significant (p < 0.001) after 3 and 5 years in the MHRT group. CONCLUSIONS: Transcutaneous hormone therapy with micronized estradiol and progesterone is the treatment of choice in postmenopausal osteoporosis, as evidenced by bone mineral density and biochemical markers.

Micronized estradiol and progesterone therapy in primary, preinvasive endometrial cancer (1A/G1) in young women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

CONTEXT: This report presents original, combined mode of treatment of preinvasive endometrial cancer (IA/G1) in young women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was the assessment of treatment with natural female sexual hormones in combination with antidiabetic, antioxidative, antidopaminergic, and antiserotonin therapy on the concentrations of hormones and serotonin in blood serum in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome and preinvasive endometrial cancer. DESIGN: This study was performed within 12 months. SETTING: The study was conducted in the Department of Menopause and Andropause of the Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Poland. PARTICIPANTS AND STUDY DESIGN: Participants were 57 young PCOS women with concomitant preinvasive endometrial cancer (1A/G1). These women were 18­29 years old. They were treated with modified transdermal hormonal replacement therapy. Moreover, in permanent combined treatment, metformax 850 mg/d, bromcriptine mesylate 2.5 mg/d, and melatonin 5 mg/d were applied. INTERVENTIONS: Interventions in the study included blood sampling and dilation and curettage. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The concentrations of gonadotropins, estrogens (estrone, 17-estradiol), progesterone, total/free T, and prolactin in basic conditions and after a metoclopramide stimulating test, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and serotonin in blood serum were measured. RESULTS: A significant increase in the concentrations of gonadotropins, estrogens, and progesterone was found. Moreover, the concentrations of androgens, prolactin, and serotonin were significantly decreased. CONCLUSION: Micronized estradiol and progesterone in primary, preinvasive endometrial cancer (IA/G1) in young women, with polycystic ovarian syndrome with concomitant antidiabetic, antioxidative, antidopaminergic, and antiserotonin therapy, favorably influenced on the concentrations of female sexual hormones and lipid metabolism and caused the restoration of normal endometrium.

Metabolism of histamine in tissues of primary ductal breast cancer.

Histamine performs an important role in the pathologic and physiologic aspects of the breast gland. Among monoamines, histamine demonstrates the greatest proliferative activity in breast cancer. The aim of the study was to evaluate histamine concentration in plasma and tissues of breast cancer dependent on the activity of histamine metabolism enzymes in neoplasmatic tissues of the breast gland. Ninety-five women aged 38 to 70 years were divided into 2 groups. The control group (group I) consisted of 30 healthy women. Group II consisted of 65 women with primary ductal breast cancer. The concentration of histamine in plasma was assessed by immunoenzymatic method. The concentration of histamine in cancerous tissues of the breast and the metabolism of histamine enzymes, specially histidine decarboxylase, decarboxylase of aromatic L-amino acids, N-histamine methyltransferase, monoamine oxydase B, and diamine oxydase, were determined using isotope technique. In the course of 24 hours, excretion of N-methylimidazoleacetic acid was evaluated by the methods of chromatography. The statistical analysis was made based on Statistica Pl Ed (StatSoft, Cracow, Poland, 1998). A significant increase in the concentration of histamine in plasma (P < .01) and tissues of ductal breast cancers (P < .001), and in the activity of histidine decarboxylase (P < .01), aromatic L-amino acids (P < .05), and histamine methyltransferase (P < .05) was found. Activity of monoamine oxidase B (P < .01) and diamine oxidase (P < 0.01) and excretion of N-methylimidazoleacetic acid were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P < 0.001). The conclusions are as follows: (1) Concentration of histamine in the plasma of women is dependent on the concentration of histamine in the tissues of ductal breast cancers. (2) The significant increase of histamine in cancerous tissues of ductal breast cancer could suggest the participation of this monoamine in the development of breast cancer. (3) The increase of histamine concentrations in ductal breast cancer tissues can be connected with the disturbances of the balance between synthesis and enzymatic inactivation of this monoamine. (4) The concentration of histamine in the plasma of women with ductal breast cancers is dependent on the number of involved lymph nodes and the grade of histologic malignancy.

[Biochemical aspects of modified, transdermal replacement hormone therapy]. / Biochemiczne aspekty zmodyfikowanej, przezskórnej homonoterapii zastepczej.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to evaluate the influence of modified, transdermal, hormone replacement therapy [HRT] and hormone supplement therapy [HST] on concentration of FSH , LH, E1, E2, PR, IGF1, GH and bone density of lumbar vertebrae in women with osteopenia in postmenopausal period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 65 women were enrolled, aged from 43 to 58, divided into three groups based on a randomized list. Group I control used transdermal placebo, group II used transdermal hormonal therapy [HRT] and group III used hormonal therapy per oss [HST]. The concentrations of hormones were estimate by radioimmunoenzymatic methods. Statistic analysis was based on Statistical PL. RESULT: After transdermal hormonal therapy [HRT], the concentration of hormones is normalized and there is a significant increase of bone density of lumbar vertebrae. Hormonal supplement therapy per oss [HST]. There is the decrease of IGF1, BMD, and increase of concentrations of estrogens, prolactin, GH. CONCLUSION: 1. Transdermal, hormone replacement therapy [HRT] modulates concentration of sex hormones and bone metabolism. 2. Hyperestrogenism, hyperprolactinemia, decreased IGF1 concentration and low mineral density in women after HST may cause disorders of chemical estrogens metabolism.

The concentration of forming and resorption markers in menopausal period women with osteoartrosis changes at spinal vertebrae.

Introduction Osteoartrosis is a genetically determined disease, which develops on multisystem diseases, spreads on joint cartilage, overcartilage bone and soft structure of the joint. The aim of the work is to evaluate the relationship between mineral density of spinal vertebrae and the concentration of basic progesterone and progesterone after a test with metoklopramid.. Material and methods. The research was based on 50 women, aged 50,7+/-4,4 , in an early physiological postmenopausal period, divided into two groups, the control and the exam group, depending on mineral density of spinal vertebrae. The concentration of estradiol, estron, prolaktyn, prolaxtic/MCP, osteocalcyn, prokolagen, alkali bone fhosphatase, total calcium and ionic calcium in serum and pirydynolin, dezoksypirydynolin and total calcium in urine were tested. Statistic analysis was made by means of statistic packet Statistica Pl version 5 of StatSoft company. Results. In women with osteoartrosis, the concentration of estradiol, alkali bone fhosphatase, pirydynolin and dezoksypirydynolin significantly decreased, the concentration of basic prolaktyn and prolactin after a test with metoklopramid significantly increased, and the concentration of estron, prokolagen, osteocalcyn, total calcium and ionic calcium in urine and serum insignificantly decreased. Conclusion 1.The decrease of bone metabolism markers in women with osteoartrosis may contribute to handicap of osteoblasts and osteoklasts function. 2. Dopaminergic treatment should be used in women with osteoatrisis syndrome who have frequent hyperprolactynic problems 3. Lack of correlation between the mineral density of spinal vertebrae and the concentration of pirydynolin and dezoksypirydynolin in women with osteoartrosis suggest that resorption disease is not the main pathogenic factor of osteoartrosis diseases.

[The appreciation of bone growth factor in women with osteoporosis exposing on freetransition magnetic field]. / Ocena markerów tworzenia kosci u kobiet z osteoporoza eksponowanych wolnozmiennymi polami magnetycznymi.

In spite of many news bulletin of favorable influence of freetransition magnetic field on regeneration bone tissue, there is lack of information of function mechanism on bone metabolism. The aim of this work was to evaluate the concentrations of bone growth factors (osteokalcin, prokolagen, estrogens) and mineral density of cervical bone in women expose on freetransition magnetic field. 40 women were treatment age 50-55 in postmenopause period divided in two groups: I--control group, age 51.3+/-2.6 seemingly exposed on freetransition magnetic field 12 minutes a day 30 days, and then 24 minutes of expose per week 150 days; II--group age 53.4+/-1.9, exposed on freetransition magnetic field generationed by Viofor JPS (Med. and Life) with the time of exposition like in group I. Before and after the concentrations of estron, estradiol, osteokalcyn, prokolagen, total and ionize calcium, phosphor ion in plasma in both groups were examined. Mineral density of cervical bone was examined before treatment and after 12 month DEXA method (Lunar DPX). There was insignificant increase of concentration osteokalcyn, prokolagen, insignificant decrease total and ionize calcium, significant increase of concentration of estron, estradiol (p<0.05) and mineral density of cervical bones (0.001) in group exposed on freetransition magnetic field. There are no differences between concentration of calcium and phosphor in women from two groups.

[The concentrations of prolactin and estrogens in women with fibrocystic changes in the breast]. / Stezenia prolaktyny i estrogenów u kobiet ze zmianami wlóknisto--torbielowatymi gruczolu piersiowego.

OBJECTIVE AND STUDY DESIGN: To evaluate the concentrations of prolactin and estrogens in blood sera in women with fibrocystic changes in the breast (FCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The control group consisted of 32 women without any pathological changes in the breast (mean age 44.9 +/- 4.4 y.). The studied group comprised 81 women having FCC (mean age 45.5 +/- 3.5 y.). Both groups were divided into two subgroups according to age: the first subgroup ranged 40-44 y. and the second 45-51 y. The hormonal profiles, namely: prolactin in basal conditions (PRL I), and after metoclopramide-test (PRL II), follitropin (FSH), lutropin (LH), estradiol (E2), progesterone (P) were assayed by means of "bioMerioux" kits. Estrone (E1) was assayed by means of "DBC Diagnostic kits. RESULTS: In both subgroups of the study group (40-44 and 45-51 y.) a significantly higher (p < 0.001) concentration of prolactin was shown after metoclopramide test, as well as significantly higher percentage increase in prolactin after metoclopramide test (p < 0.001) were shown in comparison with the control group. In age compartment of 40-44 y. in the study group significantly lower (p < 0.05), progesterone-estradiol index (PEL) was found in comparison with the control group. In age compartment of 45-51 y. a progesterone-estradiol index (PEL) in study group was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in comparison with the control group. CONCLUSION: Functional hyperprolactinemia and relative hyperestrogenism are risk factors of the development concerning fibrocystic changes in the breast.

[Relationship between estrogen, progesterone, total testosterone, androstenedione, and epidural growth factor in blood and breast cyst fluid]. / Ocena zaleznosci miedzy stezeniami estrogenów, progesteronu, testosteronu calkowitego, androstendionu i naskórkowego czynnika wzrostu w surowicy i plynie torbieli gruczolów piersiowych u kobiet.

In breast cyst fluid obtained from 50 patients age (47.1 +/- 2.3) sodium, potassium, oestrone (E1), oestradiol (E2) androgens, progesterone, (P) and Epidermal Growth Factor--EGF were determined. Markedly higher oestrogens, progesterone, testosterone, and EGF-levels were detected in cyst fluid than in blood. These data have confirmed previous results and have clearly shown that breast cyst fluid with high potassium (ratio K/Na > 1.0) contains more oestrogens, progesterone, testosterone, androstenedione and EGF than the group with low electrolyte ratio. This finding might be put in correlation with the fact that patients with high ratio K/Na may a higher risk of breast cancer than those with low electrolyte ratio.