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1.
bioRxiv ; 2023 Dec 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38076964

RESUMO

Inquiries into properties of brain structure and function have progressed due to developments in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To sustain progress in investigating and quantifying neuroanatomical details in vivo, the reliability and validity of brain measurements are paramount. Quality control (QC) is a set of procedures for mitigating errors and ensuring the validity and reliability of brain measurements. Despite its importance, there is little guidance on best QC practices and reporting procedures. The study of hippocampal subfields in vivo is a critical case for QC because of their small size, inter-dependent boundary definitions, and common artifacts in the MRI data used for subfield measurements. We addressed this gap by surveying the broader scientific community studying hippocampal subfields on their views and approaches to QC. We received responses from 37 investigators spanning 10 countries, covering different career stages, and studying both healthy and pathological development and aging. In this sample, 81% of researchers considered QC to be very important or important, and 19% viewed it as fairly important. Despite this, only 46% of researchers reported on their QC processes in prior publications. In many instances, lack of reporting appeared due to ambiguous guidance on relevant details and guidance for reporting, rather than absence of QC. Here, we provide recommendations for correcting errors to maximize reliability and minimize bias. We also summarize threats to segmentation accuracy, review common QC methods, and make recommendations for best practices and reporting in publications. Implementing the recommended QC practices will collectively improve inferences to the larger population, as well as have implications for clinical practice and public health.

2.
Curr Alzheimer Res ; 7(3): 197-9, 2010 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20088811

RESUMO

Risk for Alzheimer's disease escalates dramatically with increasing age in the later decades of life. It is widely recognized that a preclinical condition in which memory loss is greater than would be expected for a person's age, referred to as amnestic mild cognitive impairment, may offer the best opportunity for intervention to treat symptoms and modify disease progression. Here we discuss a basis for age-related memory impairment, first discovered in animal models and recently isolated in the medial temporal lobe system of man, that offers a novel entry point for restoring memory function with the possible benefit in slowing progression to Alzheimer's disease.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/fisiopatologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/fisiopatologia , Hipocampo/fisiopatologia , Transtornos da Memória/fisiopatologia , Idoso , Envelhecimento/fisiologia , Envelhecimento/psicologia , Doença de Alzheimer/tratamento farmacológico , Doença de Alzheimer/prevenção & controle , Animais , Transtornos Cognitivos/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Cognitivos/prevenção & controle , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Desenho de Fármacos , Hipocampo/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipocampo/patologia , Humanos , Memória/fisiologia , Transtornos da Memória/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos da Memória/prevenção & controle , Vias Neurais/efeitos dos fármacos , Vias Neurais/patologia , Vias Neurais/fisiopatologia , Nootrópicos/farmacologia , Nootrópicos/uso terapêutico
3.
Psychol Sci ; 15(10): 680-6, 2004 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15447639

RESUMO

Priming is an unconscious (nondeclarative) form of memory whereby identification or production of an item is improved by an earlier encounter. It has been proposed that declarative memory and priming might be related-for example, that conceptual priming results in more fluent processing, thereby providing a basis for familiarity judgments. In two experiments, we assessed conceptual priming and recognition memory across a 5-min interval in 5 memory-impaired patients. All patients exhibited fully intact priming in tests of both free association (study tent; at test, provide an association to canvas) and category verification (study lemon; at test, decide: Is lemon a type of fruit?). Yet the 2 most severely amnesic patients performed at chance on matched tests of recognition memory. These findings count against the notion that conceptual priming provides feelings of familiarity that can support accurate recognition judgments. We suggest that priming is inaccessible to conscious awareness and does not influence declarative memory.


Assuntos
Cognição , Memória , Testes de Associação de Palavras , Feminino , Humanos , Julgamento , Masculino , Escalas de Wechsler
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