Metaanálisis para evaluar el riesgo de infecciones respiratorias y síndrome de distrés respiratorio del adulto con los agonistas del receptor del péptido similar al glucagón tipo 1 en los ensayos de seguridad cardiovascular: consecuencias útiles para la pandemia de COVID-19 / Meta-analysis evaluating the risk of respiratory tract infections and acute respiratory distress syndrome with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in cardiovascular outcome trials: Useful implications for the COVID-19 pandemic

Los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DMT2) presentan un mayor riesgo de experimentar una enfermedad grave por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) con un incremento de la mortalidad relacionada. Los agonistas del receptor del péptido similar al glucagón tipo 1 (AR-GLP-1) ejercen efectos cardiovasculares y renales beneficiosos en los pacientes con DMT2 de alto riesgo cardiovascular. Sus propiedades antiinflamatorias podrían resultar beneficiosas en estos pacientes. El presente estudio es un metaanálisis sobre el riesgo de infección respiratoria y distrés respiratorio del adulto causado por AR-GLP-1 utilizando como fuente los ensayos clínicos de seguridad cardiovascular publicados en la bibliografía. Hay que destacar que los AR-GLP-1 no parecen aumentar el riesgo de infección respiratoria, neumonía ni síndrome de distrés respiratorio del adulto en los pacientes con DMT2 y alto riesgo cardiovascular (AU)

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related mortality. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RAs) have significant cardiovascular and renal benefits for patients with T2DM and related comorbidities. Their anti-inflammatory properties could be beneficial in these patients. This work provides less-biased estimates regarding the risk for respiratory tract infections and acute respiratory distress syndrome by performing the first significant meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials in the literature. Notably, GLP-1-RAs do not seem to increase the risk for respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, or acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with T2DM and cardiovascular comorbidities (AU)

[Meta-analysis evaluating the risk of respiratory tract infections and acute respiratory distress syndrome with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in cardiovascular outcome trials: Useful implications for the COVID-19 pandemic]. / Metaanálisis para evaluar el riesgo de infecciones respiratorias y síndrome de distrés respiratorio del adulto con los agonistas del receptor del péptido similar al glucagón tipo 1 en los ensayos de seguridad cardiovascular: consecuencias útiles para la pandemia de COVID-19.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related mortality. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RAs) have significant cardiovascular and renal benefits for patients with T2DM and related comorbidities. Their anti-inflammatory properties could be beneficial in these patients. This work provides less-biased estimates regarding the risk for respiratory tract infections and acute respiratory distress syndrome by performing the first significant meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials in the literature. Notably, GLP-1-RAs do not seem to increase the risk for respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, or acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with T2DM and cardiovascular comorbidities.

Meta-analysis evaluating the risk of respiratory tract infections and acute respiratory distress syndrome with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in cardiovascular outcome trials: Useful implications for the COVID-19 pandemic.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are at increased risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and related mortality. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RAs) have significant cardiovascular and renal benefits for patients with T2DM and related comorbidities. Their anti-inflammatory properties could be beneficial in these patients. This work provides less-biased estimates regarding the risk for respiratory tract infections and acute respiratory distress syndrome by performing the first significant meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcome trials in the literature. Notably, GLP-1-RAs do not seem to increase the risk for respiratory tract infection, pneumonia, or acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with T2DM and cardiovascular comorbidities.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors as add-on therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes? A systematic review and meta-analysis of surrogate metabolic endpoints.

OBJECTIVE: As sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are second-line treatment options in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), our study sought to provide precise effect estimates regarding the role of GLP-1RAs vs SGLT-2is as add-on treatments in patients uncontrolled by metformin monotherapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: PubMed, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and 'grey literature' were searched from their inception up to December 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with durations≥12weeks to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adding a GLP-1RA vs an SGLT-2i in patients with T2DM. RESULTS: Three eligible RCTs were identified. Administration of GLP-1RAs vs SGLT-2is resulted in significant decreases in HbA1c with no significant impact on either body weight or fasting plasma glucose. GLP-1RA treatment led to a significant increase in odds for achieving an HbA1c<7% compared with SGLT-2is, whereas no difference was detected in body weight reductions of>5%. Significantly greater risk for any hypoglycaemia, nausea and diarrhoea, and lower risk for genital infections, was also observed with GLP-1RAs, while no differences regarding severe hypoglycaemia, treatment discontinuation and impact on blood pressure levels were identified. No other major safety issues arose. CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis suggests that GLP-1RAs provide better glycaemic effects than SGLT-2is in patients with T2DM uncontrolled by metformin, albeit while increasing risk for hypoglycaemia and gastrointestinal adverse events.

Individual differences in callosal efficiency: correlation with attention.

Previous studies of clinical populations and normal children have suggested that the efficiency of callosal transfer correlates with the ability to sustain attention. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the same might be true for normal adults. Subjects were 42 right-handed adults. The efficiency of the transfer via the anterior callosum was assessed on a bimanual coordination task. The efficiency of the posterior callosum was measured on a tachistoscopic task that required subjects to compare two lines when both were presented either to the same visual field or to opposite visual fields. Sustained attention was measured on a vigilance task in which the time between target presentations (ISI) was varied. Performance on the bimanual task correlated with the ability to sustain attention over the entire 20 min of the vigilance task. The efficiency of the posterior callosum was related to the ability to detect targets that occurred after relatively long ISIs.

Respiratory drive in idiopathic alveolar hypoventilation.

Respiratory drive in a patient with central alveolar hypoventilation was assessed by mouth occlusion pressure method. Respiratory drive was almost abolished in this patient.