RESUMO
In Indiana, the lung cancer mortality rate is almost equal to the incidence rate. The mortality rate from lung cancer in men is almost four times higher than for any other cancer. In women, the mortality rate is 20% higher than the mortality rate for breast cancer. In Indiana, black men have the highest death and incidence rates, followed by white men, black women, then white women. There are no early warning signs for lung cancer; there is no recommended screening mechanism; there is no uniformly effective treatment. Unlike most cancers, the primary cause of lung cancer is a well known behavioral factor: smoking. Smoking prevalence is higher in Indiana than in the United States for both men and women.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Idoso , Causas de Morte , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Indiana/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância da População , Fatores Sexuais , Fumar/mortalidade , Prevenção do Hábito de FumarRESUMO
In 1977 and 1985, serum polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations were determined for 58 workers in a Bloomington, Indiana, factory that used polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in capacitor manufacture until 1977. Less chlorinated PCBs were quantitated as Aroclor 1242, and more highly chlorinated PCBs were quantitated as Aroclor 1254. The median half-life was 2.6 y for Aroclor 1242 and 4.8 y for Aroclor 1254. However, the half-life varied inversely with the initial serum concentration. This pattern may be a result of continued low-level exposure, variation in the time of exposure, or enzyme induction by PCBs.
Assuntos
Arocloros/metabolismo , Poluentes Ambientais/metabolismo , Bifenilos Policlorados/metabolismo , Adulto , Idoso , Exposição Ambiental , Meia-Vida , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
To evaluate the potential for using domestic animals in the surveillance of environmental exposures, we collected serum samples for polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) analysis from nine dogs in Monroe County, Indiana, where people had been shown to have been exposed to PCBs. Nine dogs in Atlanta, Georgia, served as comparisons. Results indicated that canine serum PCB levels in contaminated areas (median = 3.0 ppb) tend to be greater than those in uncontaminated areas (median = 1.7 ppb [p = .06, Mann-Whitney U test]). This finding suggests that pet dogs may serve as sentinels of human exposure to environmental PCB contamination.
