RESUMO
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Khorasan wheat is an ancient grain with widely acclaimed beneficial effects on human health. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of a Khorasan-based diet on the wellbeing and inflammatory profile of young athletes. RESULTS: We conducted a randomized, single-blinded crossover trial involving 20 male young athletes. The participants were randomly assigned to consume products (pasta, bread, biscuits and crackers) made either with Khorasan (KAMUT® brand) or modern semi-whole-grain wheat for 4-weeks with a 4-week washout period before the crossover. Laboratory analyses and fitness tests were performed both at the beginning and end of each diet period. The consumption of Khorasan products was associated with a significant reduction of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1; mean reduction: -36.15 pg/mL; -25.67%) while the consumption of modern wheat was not associated with significant differences in Interleukin-8 (IL-8) or Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). The consumption of the Khorasan-based diet also resulted in a significant improvement in self-rated health status. No statistically significant differences in any athletic performance parameter were observed between the two diets. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that a Khorasan-based diet could be effective in reducing the inflammatory status in young athletes. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Assuntos
Inflamação/dietoterapia , Triticum/metabolismo , Adolescente , Adulto , Desempenho Atlético , Basquetebol/fisiologia , Estudos Cross-Over , Dieta , Humanos , Inflamação/sangue , Inflamação/prevenção & controle , Interleucina-8/sangue , Interleucina-8/imunologia , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Ninety-two bifidobacterial strains were obtained from the faeces of 5 baby common marmosets, three known species Bifidobacterium aesculapii, Bifidobacterium callithricos and Bifidobacterium reuteri and 4 novel putative bifidobacterial species were retrieved. The occurrence of bifidobacteria in non-human primate babies is described for the first time.
Assuntos
Bifidobacterium/classificação , Bifidobacterium/isolamento & purificação , Callithrix/microbiologia , Animais , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Bifidobacterium/genética , Análise por Conglomerados , DNA Bacteriano/genética , Feminino , Masculino , FilogeniaRESUMO
Normalization is an essential prerequisite for producing accurate real-time PCR expression analyses. The objective of this study is the selection of a set of optimal reference genes in Bifidobacterium adolescentis gene expression studies under bile exposure. B adolescentis is a particularly abundant species in the human adults gut microbiota, exerting relevant probiotic activities. In the gastrointestinal tract, bile represents a hard challenge for bacterial survival, because of its toxic effect. The natural exposure to bile in the colonic environment induces cells adaptation and tolerance mechanisms in bifidobacteria, which determines changes in gene expression profile, influencing the expression levels of housekeeping genes. In this context, the stability of 9 putative reference genes (cysS, purB, recA, rpoB-L, GADPH-R, 16S rRNA, glnA1, gyrA2, sdhA) was examined in B. adolescentis exposed to bile extract, using two different software (BestKeeper and NormFinder). Both algorithms identified gyrA2 and sdhA as the most stable genes under our experimental conditions, while 16S rRNA is the least reliable HKGs. To our best knowledge, this is the first attempt to validate reference genes in Bifidobacterium spp. and the results offer an appropriate set of reference genes suitable for qRT-PCR studies on B. adolescentis strains under bile stress.
Assuntos
Bifidobacterium/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/métodos , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica/normas , Genes Bacterianos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/normas , Padrões de Referência , Adulto , Bifidobacterium/efeitos dos fármacos , Bile/metabolismo , Biologia Computacional , Humanos , SoftwareRESUMO
A PCR-RFLP technique has been applied on 13 species of Bifidobacterium in order to update a previous study carried out by Baffoni et al. This method is based on the restriction endonuclease activity of HaeIII on the PCR-amplified hsp60 partial gene sequence, and allows a rapid and efficient identification of Bifidobacterium spp. strains at species and subspecies level.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Técnicas Bacteriológicas/métodos , Bifidobacterium/genética , Bifidobacterium/isolamento & purificação , Chaperonina 60/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Animais , Bifidobacterium/classificação , Desoxirribonucleases de Sítio Específico do Tipo II , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Bifidobacterium represents one of the largest genus within the Actinobacteria, and includes at present 32 species. These species share a high sequence homology of 16S rDNA and several molecular techniques already applied to discriminate among them give ambiguous results. RESULTS: This work illustrates a simple and cheap molecular tool for the identification of Bifidobacterium species. The hsp60 universal primers were used in a simple PCR procedure for the direct amplification of 590 bp of the hsp60 sequence. The in silico restriction analysis of bifidobacterial hsp60 partial sequences allowed the identification of a single endonuclease (HaeIII) able to provide different PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns in the Bifidobacterium spp. type strains evaluated. The electrophoretic analyses allowed to confirm the different RFLP patterns. CONCLUSIONS: The developed PCR-RFLP technique resulted in efficient discrimination of the tested species and subspecies and allowed the construction of a dichotomous key in order to differentiate the most widely distributed Bifidobacterium species as well as the subspecies belonging to B. pseudolongum and B. animalis.
