[Protective effect of N-stearoylethanolamine in acute alcohol intoxication in rats].

The influence of N-stearoylethanolamine on the nitric oxide system, the state of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity, content of phospholipids and fatty acids were studied under the acute ethanol intoxication (2.5 g/kg) in rats. The results of investigations show that acute ethanol intoxication caused abnormalities of the oxidative homeostasis accompanied by the accumulation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). High catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity was also shown. The altered content of total and individual fatty acids of phospholipids in the rat liver tissue was found. The content of saturated fatty acids (palmitic, stearic) increased and amount of unsaturated (palmitoleic, oleic, linolenic) acids decreased under acute ethanol intoxication. The changes of nitric oxide content was found in the brain, plasma and red blood cells. N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) in a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight shows the pronounced antioxidative and hepatoprotective properties under these conditions. It was found that the preliminary NSE administration to rats inhibited accumulation of TBARS and caused a simultaneous increase of antioxidant enzyme activity. The NSE administration modulated also the content of total and individual fatty acids of phospholipids and the amount of nitric oxide in pathologically altered tissues. These results suggested that NSE protected the structural integrity and functional ability of cell membranes under the acute ethanol intoxication.

[Anti-alcoholic and anti-narcotic action of Methylobacteriim extorquens UCM B-3368].

The paper deals with action efficiency of microbial biomass on characteristic indicators at alcohol and morphine organism intoxication. The investigated microbial biomass affects the regulatory biochemical and physiological systems in experimental animals, normalizes activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehide dehydrogenase, as well as the content of dophamine, disturbed under the effect of alcohol and morphine. Thus, the organism intoxication decreases. Except for the specific action, the above microbial biomass can be a source of protein, aminoacids, vitamins, microelements. So, the microbial preparation, made on its basis, can be used for the treatment of alcohol and morphine dependence in a form of biologically active dope. Thus the microbial drug intended for treatment of alcohol and opium dependence has been developed. One of its action mechanisms is based on the microorganisms capacity to transform alcohols and aldehides, owing to availability of alcohol and aldehide dehydrogenase, other its action mechanisms are at the stage of investigation.

[Effect of N-stearoylethanolamine on the lipid peroxidation process and lipid composition of the rat liver in acute morphine intoxication].

The effect of N-stearoylethanolamine (NSE) on the lipid peroxidation process, antioxidant enzymes activity, phospholipid and fatty acid content in the rat liver tissues under acute morphine administration was studied. It was shown that morphine administration (30 mg/kg of body weight) caused an increase of the amount of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), alteration of antioxidant enzymes activity, decrease the protein level, quantity of total lipids and phospholipids, phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol esters; altered the content of some individual fatty acids. NSE administration (50 mg/kg of body weight) promoted normalization of the antioxidant enzymes activity and prevented the TBARS accumulation and decreased the total lipid and phospholipid quantity, increased the content of free and total cholesterol, corrected the level of free and individual fatty acids. It was assumed that NSE possessed antioxidative, membranoprotective and adaptive properties.

[Excretion of catecholamines in development of the opium and alcohol abstinence syndrome and in post-abstinence period]. / Ekskretsiia katekholaminiv pid chas rozvytku opiinoho i alkohol'noho abstynentnoho syndromu ta v pisliaabstynentnomu periodi zakhvoriuvannia.

Excretion of catecholamines has been studied in patients with opium narcotic and alcoholic dependence in developmental dynamics of the opium and alcoholic abstinence syndrome and in the postabstinence period. It has been revealed that 8-10 h after cessation of the psychoactive substances (the preabstinence period) the level of excretion of adrenaline [A], dioxyphenylalanine [DOPA], dopamine [DA] and, to the greatest extent, of noradrenaline [NA] especially in patients with alcoholic dependence decreases in comparison with the control variant. As compared to the control variant the acute form of abstinence syndrome (1-3 days after cessation of the psychoactive substances is characterized by the higher level of the A and DA excretion and the lower level of the NA excretion (especially in patients with opium narcotic dependence). As compared to the preabstinence period under conditions of the acute abstinence syndrome there is an essential increase in the level of the A, NA, DOPA and DA excretion. As compared to the control variant the postabstinence period (10-20 days after cessation) is characterized by the lower level of the NA excretion, especially in patients with alcoholic dependence, and of DOPA. The level of DA decreases in patients with alcoholic dependence. As compared to the acute abstienence syndrome the postabstinence period differs by the lower level of the A, NA (especially in patients with alcoholic dependence), DOPA (only inpatients with alcoholic dependence) and of DA excretion.

[Effect of glutaminic acid on the activity of the sympatho-adrenal system and the concentration of calcium in urine under conditions of development of the alcohol abstinence syndrome]. / Vplyv hlutaminovoï kysloty na aktyvnist' sympatyko-adrenalovoï systemy i vmist kal'tsiiu v sechi dynamitsi formuvannia alkohol'noho abstynentnoho syndromu.

The paper deals with the influence of glutaminic acid on the functional activity of the sympatho-adrenal system and the concentration of calcium in urine under conditions of the alcoholic abstinence syndrome development. Changes in the functional activity of sympatho-adrenal system and in the concentration of calcium in the process of the abstinence syndrome development are shown to be of the phase character. It is established that in the period of the developed abstinence syndrome glutaminic acid produces a normalizing action on the excretion of adrenaline and dopamine and also facilitates a decrease in the level of calcium in urine.

[The effect of medikhronal on the psychophysiological and metabolic processes in alcoholism]. / Vplyv medykhronalu na psykhofiziolohichni ta metabolichni protsesy pry alkoholizmi.

Pathopsychological examination, biochemical analysis of blood and urine as well as electroencephalogram (REG) were made in patients of the second (II) stage of alcoholism. The state of higher nervous activity (HNA) before and after treatment with antialcoholic drug medichronal was also analyzed. It has been shown that the course of treatment with medichronal applied to patients with alcoholism results in the removal of the inclination to alcohol, to improvement of functional state of the central nervous system, as well as ethanol (E), acetaldehyde (AcA) and catecholamines (CA) exchange, the disturbances in their metabolism (and first of all AcA) apparently being the basis of pathogenetic mechanisms of alcoholism.