The Impact of Hip Fractures in the Public Health System in Brazil (SUS) 2008 - 2017: The Orthopedist Task.

Objective The present study intends to describe the profile of hospitalization and ambulatory rehabilitation of patients ≥ 50 years old due to hip fracture in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS, in the Portuguese acronym). Methods This is a cross-sectional study of patients hospitalized due to hip fracture in the SUS between 2008 and 2017. Data included 441,787 hip fracture-related hospitalizations from the hospitalization database of the department of informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SIH/DATASUS, in the Portuguese acronym), and data of patients who underwent rehabilitation from the ambulatory database of the department of informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SIA/DATASUS, in the Portuguese acronym.). Results Most of hip fracture-related hospitalizations (83.5%) happen to people ≥ 50 years old, with an average annual growth of 5.6% in hip fracture-related hospitalizations. The costs for the government have been growing in the same proportion and reached almost BRL 130 million in 2017, although with a 13.6% decrease in average cost per hospitalization. Besides the financial impact, hip fractures result in an in-hospital mortality rate around 5.0% in patients aged ≥ 50 years old. In addition, the percentage of patients that have undergone hip fracture-related rehabilitation increased from 2008 (14.0%) to 2012 (40.0%), and remained stable after that. Conclusions The progressive increase in the incidence of hip fractures shows the financial and social impact, and the need for immediate actions to prevent this rising trend. Hip fractures are a risk for secondary fractures, the prevention is crucial, and the orthopedist plays a central role in this process.

The Impact of Hip Fractures in the Public Health System in Brazil (SUS) 2008 - 2017: The Orthopedist Task / O impacto das fraturas do quadril no SUS 2008 - 2017: O papel do ortopedista

Abstract Objective The present study intends to describe the profile of hospitalization and ambulatory rehabilitation of patients ≥ 50 years old due to hip fracture in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS, in the Portuguese acronym). Methods This is a cross-sectional study of patients hospitalized due to hip fracture in the SUS between 2008 and 2017. Data included 441,787 hip fracture-related hospitalizations from the hospitalization database of the department of informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SIH/DATASUS, in the Portuguese acronym), and data of patients who underwent rehabilitation from the ambulatory database of the department of informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SIA/DATASUS, in the Portuguese acronym.). Results Most of hip fracture-related hospitalizations (83.5%) happen to people ≥ 50 years old, with an average annual growth of 5.6% in hip fracture-related hospitalizations. The costs for the government have been growing in the same proportion and reached almost BRL 130 million in 2017, although with a 13.6% decrease in average cost per hospitalization. Besides the financial impact, hip fractures result in an in-hospital mortality rate around 5.0% in patients aged ≥ 50 years old. In addition, the percentage of patients that have undergone hip fracture-related rehabilitation increased from 2008 (14.0%) to 2012 (40.0%), and remained stable after that. Conclusions The progressive increase in the incidence of hip fractures shows the financial and social impact, and the need for immediate actions to prevent this rising trend. Hip fractures are a risk for secondary fractures, the prevention is crucial, and the orthopedist plays a central role in this process.

Resumo Objetivo O presente estudo tem como objetivo descrever o perfil de hospitalização e reabilitação ambulatorial de pacientes com idade ≥ 50 anos por fratura de quadril no Sistema Público de Saúde no Brasil (SUS). Métodos Trata-se de um estudo transversal de pacientes internados por fratura de quadril no SUS entre 2008 e 2017. Os dados incluíram 441.787 internações relacionadas à fratura de quadril do banco de dados de internação (SIH/DATASUS) e dados de pacientes submetidos à reabilitação do banco de dados ambulatorial (SIA/DATASUS). Resultados A maioria das hospitalizações relacionadas à fratura de quadril (83,5%) ocorre em pessoas ≥ 50 anos, com um crescimento médio anual de 5,6% nas hospitalizações relacionadas à fratura de quadril (HRFQ). Os custos para o governo cresceram na mesma proporção e atingiram quase 130 milhões de reais em 2017, embora com uma redução de 13,6% no custo médio por hospitalização. Além do impacto financeiro, as fraturas de quadril resultam em uma taxa de mortalidade hospitalar em torno de 5,0% em pacientes ≥ 50 anos. Além disso, o percentual de pacientes submetidos à reabilitação relacionada à fratura de quadril aumentou de 2008 (14,0%) para 2012 (40,0%) e permaneceu estável após esse período. Conclusões O aumento progressivo da incidência de fraturas de quadril mostra o impacto financeiro e social e a necessidade de ações imediatas para evitar essa tendência crescente. As fraturas de quadril são um risco para fraturas secundárias, a prevenção é crucial e o ortopedista desempenha um papel central nesse processo.

How to initiate and develop Fracture Liaison Services (FLS). Recommendations from the IOF Capture the Fracture® FLS Mentors in Brazil.

Expected number of fragility fractures in Brazil, raising the healthcare prioritization for interventions that reduce fracture risk. An FLS is dedicated to managing patient with fragility fracture to reduce risk of another fracture. We review FLSs cost-effectiveness and describe key components to effectively set up FLS in Brazil. PURPOSE: To create a guideline to show health professionals, hospital managers, and stakeholders in Brazil the importance of secondary fracture prevention and how to implement a Fracture Liaison Service. METHODS: We review the cost-effectiveness for FLSs in Brazil. We describe the key components needed to set up an effective FLS including methods for identification, investigation, treatment indication, including bone drugs, supplementation, physical activity, fall prevention, and monitoring. The staffing of FLSs, value of regional clinical networks and quality improvement are also described as a guide for healthcare professionals and decision makers in Brazil. RESULTS: An FLS is a service dedicated to identifying, assessing, recommending treatment, and monitoring patient who present with a fragility fracture reducing the risk of another fracture. FLS has been implemented in Brazil since 2012 overcoming a large geography and a complex health system. Even the limitations, restrictions, differences, and characteristics of each region, it is possible for health institutions to initiate an FLS, adapted to own available resources and meet the stages of identification, investigation, treatment, and monitoring. CONCLUSION: The peculiarity of the Brazilian healthcare system means FLS implementation needs to be tailored to local reality. However, even with limitations, any attempt to capture patients who suffer a fracture due to bone fragility is effective and reduces the risk of further fractures.

For the first fracture to be the last.

Increased longevity has made progression in the number of fractures increasingly significant. Because hip fractures give rise to high morbidity and mortality rates and have high treatment costs, their occurrence is the most important marker of effectiveness in relation to osteoporosis treatment. In countries and systems that, especially over the last decade, have been investing in the prevention of osteoporosis and its consequences, the number of hip fractures has been decreasing. What these countries have in common is secondary prevention of fractures, i.e. to avoid subsequent fractures. Given that half of the patients who present hip fractures have had a previous fracture and that the treatments available have proven to be extremely efficient for decreasing subsequent fractures, a good proportion of hip fractures are preventable. It is within this scenario that orthopedists play a leading role.

O aumento da longevidade faz com que a progressão do número de fraturas seja cada vez mais expressiva. A ocorrência da fratura do quadril, pela sua alta taxa de mortalidade e morbidade e pelo alto custo de tratamento, é o mais importante marcador da efetividade no tratamento da osteoporose. Em países e sistemas que, especialmente na última década, vêm investindo na prevenção da osteoporose e de suas consequências, o número de fraturas do quadril vem diminuindo. O que eles têm em comum é a prevenção secundária de fraturas, ou seja, evitar a fratura seguinte. Visto que metade dos pacientes que tiveram uma fratura do quadril teve uma fratura prévia e que os tratamentos disponíveis provaram ser extremamente eficientes para diminuir fraturas subsequentes, boa parte das fraturas de quadril é evitável. É nesse cenário que o ortopedista desempenha um papel preponderante.

Osteoporose: Prevenção de refraturas / Osteoporosis: prevention of refracture

Vários estudos têm avaliado o risco de fraturas futuras associado a diversas fraturas, em vários sítios esqueléticos; uma fratura prévia em qualquer sítio duplica o risco de fraturas futuras. Aparentemente ocorrem fraturas secundárias rapidamente após a primeira fratura. O risco de fraturas subsequentes parece ser maior logo após o primeiro episódio, especialmente no primeiro ano. Tem-se como objetivo reduzir o número de fraturas de quadril em 20% até 2020...

Many scientific studies have been evaluated the risk of future fractures related to multiple fractures, at several skeletal sites; one previous fracture at any site it doubles the risk of future fractures. Seemingly many secondary fractures ocurr quickly thereupon the first fracture. The risk of subsequent fractures it seems to be higher thereupon the first episode, especially in the first year. The goal is to decrease the amount of hip fractures by 20% until 2020...

Avaliaçäo densitométrica em portadores de fraturas osteoporóticas / Bone mineral density evaluation of patients with osteoporotic fractures

Os autores avaliam os resultados de densidade mineral óssea (BMD) em indivíduos portadores de fraturas de corpo vertebral, fraturas proximais do fêmur e fraturas de punho, tendo sido analisadas exclusivamente pacientes do sexo feminino, divididas em sete grupos de faixa etária, correlacionando idade, tipo de fratura e valores de BMD no segmento L2-L4 e colo femoral.