RESUMO
Third ventricular ependymomas are rare tumors that have not been specifically examined. Four cases of these tumors are reported. The presenting symptoms included headache, ataxia, vertigo, and Parinaud's syndrome. All the patients underwent computed tomographic scanning and cerebral angiography, followed by craniotomy and microsurgical resection of the tumor. In addition, all patients had or developed symptomatic obstructive hydrocephalus requiring shunting procedures. Three of the patients are alive with a follow-up of 4 to 12 years. It is remarkable that these tumors are so rare, given that the ependymal surface area of the third ventricle is greater than that of the fourth. The management of these tumors should include aggressive surgical resection, radiation therapy, and cerebrospinal fluid diversion.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Ventrículo Cerebral/cirurgia , Ependimoma/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Ataxia/diagnóstico , Neoplasias do Ventrículo Cerebral/mortalidade , Neoplasias do Ventrículo Cerebral/radioterapia , Derivações do Líquido Cefalorraquidiano , Terapia Combinada , Craniotomia , Ependimoma/mortalidade , Ependimoma/radioterapia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Cefaleia/diagnóstico , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Transtornos da Motilidade Ocular/diagnóstico , Taxa de Sobrevida , Síndrome , Vertigem/diagnósticoRESUMO
Three hundred and forty patients with signs and symptoms of lumbar disk disease were evaluated preoperatively by conventional X-rays, computed tomography, and 2.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). High-resolution T2 weighted MRI provided a truly noninvasive myelogram. The operative findings were predicted by and correlated with the neuroradiologic studies. High-resolution MRI with intravenous gadolinium-DTPA (Magnevist, Berlex) has been particularly useful in evaluating patients with a history of prior disk surgery and patients who were not relieved of pain by lumbar diskectomy.
Assuntos
Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico , Vértebras Lombares , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/cirurgia , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Lombares/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured by [14C]butanol indicator fractionation in 10 rats given intraventricular injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) compared to 8 saline-injected controls. Rats treated with 6-OHDA displayed an 83% reduction in cortical norepinephrine (NE) levels. CBF was significantly increased in 6-OHDA-treated rats compared to controls (average whole brain blood flow of 126.0 +/- 8.3 and 97.1 +/- 10.6 ml.min-1.10(-2)g-1 respectively, P less than 0.05). These studies suggest that noradrenergic innervation of the brain and cerebral microvasculature exerts a moderating effect on resting CBF.
