RESUMO
A technique is described for in vitro culture of the quail embryo from the 1st to the 18th day of development. The embryos are cultured in Teflon hammocks, suspended in glass supports and kept in a humidified atmosphere at 36.5 degrees C. The quail CAM is used as support and cell source for developing non-quail cartilage and bone. The quail cells can be identified histologically and easily recognized by Feulgen-staining which is demonstrated in the presence of quail chondro- or osteoclasts in a mouse long bone rudiment cultured on the CAM.
Assuntos
Alantoide/citologia , Córion/citologia , Embrião não Mamífero/citologia , Membranas Extraembrionárias/citologia , Animais , Cartilagem/citologia , Agregação Celular , Embrião de Galinha , Quimera , Coturnix , Desenvolvimento Embrionário e Fetal , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Técnicas de Cultura de ÓrgãosRESUMO
Clinical concentrations of anesthetics augment caffeine-induced contracture of frog sartorius muscle; however, anesthetics differ in this characteristic. The potentiation was quantitated using six paired sartorius muscles for each specified concentration of anesthetic and controls. At a concentration of 1 MAC, the greatest potentiation occurred with 2 mM caffeine for all anesthetics studied. Under these conditions the order of magnitude of augmentations was: chloroform (15 times); halothane (11 times); methoxyflurane (10 times); cyclopropane (5 times); enflurane (4 times); isoflurane (3 times); diethyl ether (2 times); Baxter 3224 (2 times); fluroxene (1.4 times); nitrous oxide (1.3 times). Halothane at .5 MAC augments the 2 mM caffeine-induced contracture almost seven times, and at 2 MAC almost 13 times, whereas 2 MAC isoflurane potentiates the caffeine-induced contracture only four times and 4 MAC diethyl ether only two and a half times. It is postulated that those anesthetics that most potentiate caffeine-induced contracture may be the most potent triggering agents of malignant hyperthermia.
Assuntos
Anestésicos/farmacologia , Cafeína/farmacologia , Contração Muscular/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Anuros , Cálcio/metabolismo , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Técnicas In Vitro , Hipertermia Maligna/etiologia , Mitocôndrias Musculares/metabolismo , Modelos Biológicos , Rana pipiens , Retículo Sarcoplasmático/metabolismoRESUMO
Halothane concentrations of 2 p.p.m. have been found in the breast milk of a lactating, practising anaesthetist. This concentration was consistent with the operating theatre environment. The authors fell that, in spite of the limited scope of the study, this is an additional reason for the elimination of waste anaesthetic agents from the operating theatre.
Assuntos
Halotano/análise , Leite Humano/análise , Ar/análise , Poluição do Ar , Feminino , Ionização de Chama , Halotano/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Lactação , Salas Cirúrgicas/normas , GravidezRESUMO
The effect of tubocurarine and gallamine pretreatments on suxamethonium relaxation was measured in 81 patients. The blocking effect of a constant infusion of suxamethonium (0.58 mg/sec) on the recorded thumb adduction in response to supramaximal ulnar nerve stimulation was reproducible in 18 control subjects: infusion time for 50% block was 37.7 (+/- SEM 1.02) sec. Tubocurarine 3 mg and 6 mg increased the infusion time required to produce 50% block by 33.4 and 54.8% respectively. Gallamine had a similar effect. Clinical conditions for endotracheal intubation were evaluated on a blind basis. Both drugs produced impairment of clinical conditions for intubation after suxamethonium 60 mg infusion. However, when pretreatment by tubocurarine 3 mg was followed by suxamethonium infusion at 1 mg/sec the time course of neuromuscular blockade was identical to that of the controls. There were no fasciculations with this dosage and conditions for endotracheal intubation were excellent.
