[Calcium metabolism in the case of vitamin D and K deficiencies]. / Obmen kal'tsiia pri nedostatochnosti vitaminov D i K.

Moderate vitamin K deficiency was induced in growing rats by 4-week food ration deficient in vitamin K. It was characterized by prolongation of prothrombin time by 35%, and reduced by 23% in vitro calcium absorption by the duodenal disks in the animals provided with vitamin K, producing no significant effect on calcium concentration in the blood serum of rats with varying vitamin providing. Vitamin K deficiency did not influence the concentration of parathormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood serum of rats provided with vitamin D, but it did not raise the degree of hyperparathemia in vitamin D deficiency and prevented the normalization of parathormone level after administration of physiological doses of vitamin D to rats deprived of this vitamin.

[Current possibilities of correction of hormonal imbalance in uremia]. / Sovremennye vozmozhnosti korrektsii gormonal'nykh narushenii pri uremii.

The authors' and literature data on hormonal imbalance in uremia are analysed. The pathogenesis, clinical and laboratory signs and present-day methods of correction of renal osteodystrophy, anemia, arterial hypertension, derangements of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and hypogonadism developing as complications of chronic renal insufficiency (CRI), are considered. Increased potentialities of pharmacological correction of the above endocrine disturbances in CRI have been shown.

[Phosphorus and calcium metabolism and its hormonal regulation in chronic kidney failure]. / Fosforno-kal'tsievyi obmen i ego gormonal'naia reguliatsiia pri khronicheskoi pochechnoi nedostatochnosti.

In order to elucidate the blood serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT) content in the course of the development of chronic renal failure (CRF), 80 patients with chronile glomerulonephritis were examined. Of these, in 24 glomerular filtration (GF) was normal, whereas 56 had CRF of varying degree. Thirty-three out of the 80 patients had the nephrotic syndrome (NS). The parameters enumerated were also determined in 45 patients with CRF treated by hemodialysis. In patients without the NS, hypocalcemia was discovered only at the final predialysis stage of CRF, while in the presence of the NS, it was detectable in normal GF and was aggravated as CRF progressed. The PTH level ascended if GF was lower than 40 ml/min, not correlating with calcium concentration in the serum. A direct correlation was disclosed between the PTH level and that of inorganic phosphorus. The role of the latter in stimulation of PTH and CT secretion in CRF is discussed. In patients treated by hemodialysis, the PTH level significantly rose with treatment time increase. There was also a tendency toward elevation of CT concentration. The activity of the osseous fraction of blood serum alkaline phosphatase in patients treated by hemodialysis was increased in 61-84% of cases depending on the treatment period.