RESUMO
The female athlete triad is a condition seen in physically active female athletes, consisting of low energy availability, menstrual dysfunction, and low bone mineral density. The condition should be viewed as a metabolic injury. It can have an impact on female athletes at any age or level. Activities at highest risk are those emphasizing leanness, aesthetics, and endurance. The cornerstone of treatment is improving mismatched energy balance. A multidisciplinary team, including health care providers, dieticians, and mental health professionals, is vital in caring for female athlete triad patients. Increased awareness and education are needed for medical as well as athletic communities.
Assuntos
Síndrome da Tríade da Mulher Atleta/diagnóstico , Síndrome da Tríade da Mulher Atleta/terapia , Atenção Primária à Saúde/organização & administração , Saúde da Mulher , Densidade Óssea , Ingestão de Energia , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Síndrome da Tríade da Mulher Atleta/epidemiologia , HumanosRESUMO
This article provides a summary of the many causes of back pain in adults. There is an overview of the history and physical examination with attention paid to red flags that alert the clinician to more worrisome causes of low back pain. An extensive differential diagnosis for back pain in adults is provided along with key historical and physical examination findings. The various therapeutic options are summarized with an emphasis on evidence-based findings. These reviewed treatments include medication, physical therapy, topical treatments, injections, and complementary and alternative medicine. The indications for surgery and specialty referral are also discussed.
