The Correlation between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Retinal Vein Obstruction: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.

Despite of inadequate evidence, previous studies have demonstrated a potential correlation between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO). In this study, a meta-analysis is conducted to investigate the correlation between OSA and RVO. Databases are searched for relevant literatures up to July 14, 2021, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) are estimated to evaluate the correlation between OSA and RVO. Six articles were finally enrolled, including 36,086 subjects from 5 case-controlled studies and 1 cohort study. It is clearly evident that the RVO risk is higher among OSA patients than non-OSA patients (OR = 3.24, 95% CI = 3.24). The results of sensitivity analysis indicate that the present meta-analysis is robust and reliable. Furthermore, Egger's test for publication bias is performed with P = 0.195, and the results reveal no significant publication bias. The findings demonstrate that OSA is significantly correlated with RVO, and OSA is a risk factor for RVO.

Photocatalytic Synthesis of Quinolines via Povarov Reaction under Oxidant-Free Conditions.

We describe here an approach for synthesizing quinolines either from N-alkyl anilines or from anilines and aldehydes. A dual-catalyst system consisting of a photocatalyst and a proton reduction cocatalyst is employed. Without the use of any sacrificial oxidant and under extremely mild conditions, the reactions afford quinolines in excellent yields and produce H2 as a byproduct.

Visible Light Irradiation of Acyl Oxime Esters and Styrenes Efficiently Constructs ß-Carbonyl Imides by a Scission and Four-Component Reassembly Process.

Acyl radical triggered difunctionalizations of aryl olefins have been realized using oxime ester as the acyl precursor for the first time. Irradiation of fac-Ir(ppy)3 and oxime ester by visible light caused scission into three components, which recombined with olefins to yield significant ß-carbonyl imides showing good functional group tolerance and high atom economy. Control experiments as well as spectroscopic and electrochemical studies revealed the efficient intermolecular reorganization of oxime ester into styrene with the aid of solvent exchange.