RESUMO
To determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and syphilis in HIV-1-infected patients and related risk factors in Shandong province, China, we tested all eligible participants between 2000 and 2010 for the presence of anti-HCV antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and non-treponemal antibodies for syphilis after informed consent. Among 2087 HIV-infected patients, anti-HCV antibody was present in 41.2%, HBsAg in 12.6% and rapid plasma reagin (RPR) reactivity in 19.6%. In the multivariate logistic regression model, male gender (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.41), minority ethnicity (aOR = 1.72), syphilis infection (aOR = 1.40), former paid blood donors (aOR = 3.36), blood transfusion recipients (aOR = 2.91) and injection drug users (aOR = 1.98) were significantly associated with HCV infection. HCV infection (aOR = 1.40) and being men who have sex with men (aOR = 2.38) were significantly associated with syphilis infection. Co-infection with HCV, HBV and syphilis was observed frequently in all described subgroups of HIV infection. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to screen for these viruses and syphilis in all Chinese HIV-infected patients.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/microbiologia , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Sífilis/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Criança , Pré-Escolar , China/epidemiologia , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/virologia , Hepatite B/sangue , Hepatite B/microbiologia , Hepatite C/sangue , Hepatite C/microbiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Sífilis/sangue , Sífilis/virologiaRESUMO
A study to examine the acceptance of and drop-out from family planning clinic services in Maryland was undertaken during 1984-85 by interviewing a random sample of 1,020 women who came to the clinics as "new clients" during 1980 through 1982 when they were 20 through 39 years of age. This article examines the contraceptive and fertility behavior after their last clinic visits. The results showed that most of these women were "protected" from pregnancy risk considerably beyond their last clinic visit. However, the analysis also revealed that in spite of the reported high contraceptive use rate, unplanned pregnancies occurred after the client's last clinic visit, suggesting that contraceptive use was either inconsistent or ineffective. These findings suggest that instead of allocating a large proportion of resources to follow-up acceptors to bring the "drop-outs" back to the clinics, a more effective program strategy would be to systematically and effectively educate and counsel the clients during their clinic attendance, especially during their first clinic visit.
