RESUMO
A novel 3alpha,6beta,7beta-triol tropane alkaloid esterified by two benzoyl residues was isolated from the leaves of the endemic cuban species, Erythroxylon alaternifolium. Another novel 3alpha,6alpha,7beta-triol tropane alkaloid esterified by trimethoxycinnamoyl and trimethoxybenzoyl residues was isolated from the leaves and stem bark of a second endemic cuban species, Erythroxylon rotundifolium. Their structures were elucidated as 3alpha,7beta-dibenzoyloxy-6beta-hydroxy-tropane and 3alpha-(3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamoyloxy)-7beta-(3,4,5- trimethoxybenzoyloxy)-6alpha-hydroxy-tropane by spectroscopic methods including 2D-NMR techniques.
Assuntos
Alcaloides/isolamento & purificação , Rosales/química , Alcaloides/química , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Folhas de Planta/química , Tropanos/químicaRESUMO
About half of the mitochondrial DNA of the shrimp Penaeus notialis (Crustacea: Decapoda) has been cloned (in 2 overlapping fragments of 7.9 kb and 1 kb) and partially sequenced. The gene content and arrangement are identical to that of the homologous domain in Drosophila yakuba. Intergenic nucleotides are scarce and a 982 bp non-coding sequence exhibit features similar to that of mtDNA control regions. The gene organization and the tRNA structures differentiate the Penaeus notialis mitochondrial genome from that of Artemia franciscana. Paraphyletism of crustacean mtDNA with respect to Insecta is discussed. A secondary structure of s-rRNA is proposed.
Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial/química , Genoma , Penaeidae/genética , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Drosophila/genética , Código Genético , Mitocôndrias/genética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Filogenia , RNA de Transferência/química , RNA de Transferência/ultraestruturaRESUMO
In this study we present epidemiological and immunological data about cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Panama, in an area where recurrence occurs in 65% of the cases evaluated. The development of the cellular immune response, during clinical evolution of primary and recurrent cases, indicates that initial stimulation index (SI) less than 3 are observed in recurrent cases, while this level is higher than 3 in primary cases. The humoral immune response is related only with the time of clinical evolution. We point out the importance of looking at the population of T lymphocytes quantitatively, as well as looking at the levels of lymphokines, in order to explain the differences that we observed in the cellular immune response.
