RESUMO
Las mujeres embarazadas con insulino-sensibilidad disminuida están en riesgo de desarrollar trastornos hipertensivos. Utilizando el corte HOMA-IR en 2,64 la población en estudio fue dividida en dos grupos: (n=154 mujeres embarazadas), las que arrojaron un HOMA-IR basal (HOMA-0) <2,64 (no-insulinorresistentes; n=113) y aquellas con HOMA-0>2,64 (insulinorresistentes, n=41). Se analizaron: a) las concentraciones circulantes de glucosa e insulina durante una prueba de tolerancia oral a 75 g de glucosa (PTOG), y b) las relaciones entre varios parámetros de insulino-sensibilidad y la predicción del desarrollo de trastornos hipertensivos. A las mujeres embarazadas (semana 24-28) se les cuantificaron las concentraciones plasmáticas de glucosa e insulina a ambos tiempos de la PTOG. Se calcularon los valores de HOMA-IR y las relaciones glucosa a insulina (G:I) y se registraron parámetros antropométricos y resultados del embarazo. Las mujeres con HOMA-0 >2,64, aunque con glucemias en ayunas normales, mostraron mayores niveles de insulinemia y de HOMA-IR, y menores valores G:I en ambos tiempos de la PTOG. Estas mujeres embarazadas fueron las que tuvieron un mayor riesgo de desarrollar trastornos hipertensivos y mayores parámetros de morbilidad durante el período estudiado al compararlas con aquellas cuyo HOMA-0 fue <2,64.
Pregnant women with impaired insulin sensitivity are at risk for developing hypertensive disorders. By using a cut-off at 2.64 of the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) in basal condition (HOMA-0), the population under study (n=154 pregnant women) was split into two groups: 1) with basal HOMA- 0 <2.64 (non-insulin resistant; n=113) and 2) with basal HOMA-0 >2.64 (insulin resistant; n=41). Glucose and insulin circulating levels were analyzed throughout a 2-h oral 75 g glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The relationship between several parameters related to insulin resistance and the prevalence of pregnancy-induced hypertensive disorders was analyzed. Pregnant women (on week 24-28) were submitted to an OGTT, and glucose and insulin plasma concentrations were measured throughout the test. These peripheral metabolites levels and the values of the HOMA-IR and the glucose to insulin ratio (G:I) were analyzed. Anthropometric parameters and pregnancy outcome were recorded. Women with HOMA-0 >2.64 but normal fasting glycemia showed higher insulinemias, G:I values and HOMA-IR values at both times of the OGTT. The latter were at greater risk for developing late pregnancy-induced hypertension compared to women with HOMA-0 ≤2.64.
As mulheres grávidas com diminuição da sensibilidade à insulina correm o risco de desenvolver distúrbios hipertensivos. Usando o corte HOMA-IR 2,64, a população em estudo foi dividida em dois grupos: (n=154 mulheres grávidas), que deram um HOMA-IR basal (HOMA-0) ≤2,64 (não resistentes à insulina; n=113) e aquelas com HOMA-0 >2,64 (resistentes à insulina, n=41). Foram analisadas: a) as concentrações circulantes de glicose e insulina durante uma prova de tolerância oral a 75 g. de glicose (PTOG), e b) as relações entre diversos parâmetros de sensibilidade à insulina e a predição de desenvolver distúrbios de hipertensão. Foram quantificadas nas mulheres grávidas (24-28 semanas) as concentrações plasmáticas de glicose e insulina a ambos os tempos da PTOG. Valores de HOMA-IR foram calculados e as relações glicose a insulina (G:I) e se registraram parâmetros antropométricos e os resultados da gravidez. Mulheres com HOMA-0 >2,64, mas com glicemias em jejuns normais, mostraram níveis mais elevados de insulinemia e de HOMA-IR, e menores valores G:I em ambos os tempos da PTOG. Essas mulheres grávidas foram aquelas que tiveram maior risco de desenvolver distúrbios de hipertensão e maiores parâmetros de morbidade durante o período estudado em comparação com as mulheres cujo HOMA-0 foi ≤2,64.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adulto , Glicemia , Resistência à Insulina , Gravidez , Hipertensão Induzida pela Gravidez , Argentina , Prevenção Primária , Antropometria , Saúde Pública , Inquéritos e Questionários , Diabetes Gestacional , Gravidez de Alto Risco , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Fator de Crescimento Placentário , InsulinaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Primary Prevention of Diabetes Program in Buenos Aires Province evaluates the effectiveness of adopting healthy lifestyle to prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) in people at high risk of developing it. We aimed to present preliminary data analysis of FINDRISC and laboratory measurements taken during recruitment of people for the Primary Prevention of Diabetes Program in Buenos Aires Province in the cities of La Plata, Berisso, and Ensenada, Argentina. METHODS: People were recruited through population approach (house-to-house survey by FINDRISC in randomized areas) and opportunistic approach (FINDRISC completed by participants during consultations for nonrelated prediabetes/diabetes symptoms in public and private primary care centres of cities involved). In people with FINDRISC score ≥ 13 points, we evaluated blood concentrations of HbA1c , creatinine, lipids, and an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). RESULTS: Approximately 3415 individuals completed the FINDRISC populational survey and 344 the opportunistic survey; 43% of the 2 groups scored over 13 points; 2.8 and 75.4% of them, respectively, took the prescribed OGTT. Approximately 53.7% of the OGTT showed normal values and 5.2% unknown T2D. The remaining cases showed 69.5% impaired fasting glucose, 13.6% impaired glucose tolerance, and 16.9% both impairments. HbA1c values showed significant differences compared with normal glucose tolerance (4.96 ± 0.43%), prediabetes (5.28 ± 0.51%), and T2D (5.60 ± 0.51%). Participants with prediabetes and T2D showed a predominant increase in low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol values. In prediabetes, >50% showed insulin resistance. CONCLUSIONS: People with prediabetes/T2D had dyslipidemia associated with insulin resistance, which promotes the development of T2D and cardiovascular disease. Thus, it merits its appropriate treatment.
