Study on the effect of wet scrubbing technique on emissions in a dual fuel engine operating with diesel and hydrogen.

Reducing emissions from internal combustion (IC) engines is a crucial goal, encompassing nitrogen oxide (NO), hydrocarbon (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and smoke. To enhance both performance and emissions, contemporary IC engines have turned to alternative gases such as hydrogen (H2) and exhaust after-treatment systems. A promising method to effectively decrease exhaust emissions entails the application of the scrubber technique as an exhaust gas after-treatment. This study's objective is to explore two avenues for curtailing exhaust emissions. The first involves substituting traditional fuels in IC engines with hydrogen gas (H2) at a flow rate of 6 LPM. The second entails integrating a liquid chemical solution into the scrubber technique. Notably, the utilization of KMnO4 solutions exhibits an appreciable reduction in NO and CO emissions compared to solutions containing NaOH. The experimental process included two aspects: investigating hydrogen fuel (H2) as an alternative fuel for IC engines and incorporating a scrubber technique using both KMnO4 and NaOH solutions. These experiments were conducted using a single-cylinder engine with a power output of 5.2 kW, cooled by water. The engine underwent tests under various load conditions, spanning from minimal to maximal loads. The findings revealed that employing KMnO4 solutions within the scrubber technique led to reductions of 25% and 40% in NO and CO emissions, respectively, in contrast to the utilization of NaOH solutions. Similarly, introduction hydrogen gas also has a significant effect on emission reduction.

Study of 4A and 5A zeolite as a catalyst material in a catalytic converter for NO emission reduction in a CI engine.

The major contribution to atmospheric air pollution is from the heavy vehicular emission. At present, it is rising at an alarming rate. These automotive pollutions can be reduced to a great extent by the exhaust gas after-treatment methods. Among these, catalytic converter (CC) is the major source to reduce regulatory emission in the internal combustion (IC) engine. Most catalytic materials work in some specific temperature ranges, and they are also costly. In this study, the zeolite 4A (ZSM 4A) and zeolite 5A (ZSM 5A) powder were converted into a solid mold and tested as a catalytic material in the converter. The experimental readings were taken with the fabricated CC at the exhaust with various loads (0, 4, 8, 12, and 16 kg) in the single-cylinder Kirloskar 5.2 kW diesel engine. Waste plastics were pyrolyzed into oil and blended with diesel in the 50:50 ratio of diesel plastic blend (DPB) for this study. Nitrogen oxide (NO) and hydrocarbon (HC) were reduced by 18% and 22% respectively for ZSM 5A and 12% and 16% respectively for ZSM 4A.