Historical dates for neolithic sites of southeast europe.

Direct comparison of the radiocarbon contents of charcoal samples with those of bristlecone pine wood samples dated by tree rings shows that a full-fledged Neolithic with pottery and all the domesticated animals, except the horse, was present in southeast Europe as early as the 65th century B.C. The chronologies for the stratigraphic sequences of the settlements of Achilleion and Anza, based on a total of 37 La Jolla radiocarbon measurements, cover almost 1000 years.

Remarks on the chemical conditions on the surface of the primitive earth and the probability of the evolution of life.

The inner planets were formed from smaller objects that had no gases associated with them. These objects contained relatively small amounts of water and carbon in a form similar to that found in carbonaceous chondrites. The first forms of life must have originated during the time when the water reacted with the carbon (and also with nitrides, phosphides, etc.), while the hydrogen formed by this reaction was continuously lost from the gravitational field of the Earth. About 10-44 atoms of carbon reacted with water during less than 10-17 s. The crucial question is whether some form of life will always develop under these conditions, or whether the origin of life is an improbable, perhaps an immensely improbable event. At present it is still impossible to answer this question.