RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Fluid and transfusion therapy is proved to be a required component of treating children with severe major trauma significantly influencing the case outcome. OBJECTIVE: To analyze efficiency of fluid and transfusion therapy in children with severe major trauma and assess its correspondence with current recommendations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 150 children aged from 0 to 18 years getting treatment in intensive care units of children's city hospitals of Saint Petersburg, Archangelsk, Ufa, Samara, and Leningrad region were included in the research. The main course of severe major trauma were car injury and catatrauma. The coefficient according to Pediatric trauma score (PTS) was 6.4 points. The mean duration of hospitalization in emergencies units was 3 (2-7) days, the duration of artificial lung ventilation was 48 ± 99.9 hours, the duration of hospitalization in the department ward was 24 (15-32) days. Favorable outcome (transferring from emergencies units to department wards) was reported in 147 (98%) children, death cases were registered in 4 (2.6%) children. RESULTS: There was determined that the basic crystalloid solutions used for infusion therapy in children were the following: Ringer solution, Plasma-lit solution and 10% glucose solution. "Gelofisin" and "Voluven" had more frequent administration rate among colloidal solutions. Transfusion of blood was performed in 26% patients. The infusion therapy in the first three days did not exceed the necessary physiological requirements that provided stabilization of the patient's condition and did not produce a negative influence on the status of hemodynamics and gas exchange. CONCLUSION: Administration of current well-balanced crystalloid and colloidal solutions to children with severe combined trauma in an amount within the limits of required physiological indicators does not produce a negative influence on the status of gas exchange and the case outcome.
