Spindle damaging effect of salbutamol sulphate on bone marrow cells of mice.

In vivo assessment and identification of aneuploidy are important phases of genotoxicity evaluation. Considerable effort has been devoted to assess the utility of the existing bioassays and to develop simpler techniques for identifying environmental aneugens. Salbutamol sulphate--an antiasthmatic drug was tested for its spindle damaging effects in bone marrow cells of mice using an in vivo technique, for the evaluation of mitotic index, C-mitotic effects, anaphase reduction and hyperdiploidy. Doses of 0.12, 0.24, 1.2, 2.4, mg/kg body weight were dissolved in bidistilled water and administered intraperitoneally to the mice. Colchicine was taken as positive control for its known aneuploidy-inducing effects. The drug showed positive C-mitotic effects accompanied with increases of mitotic index and decreased frequencies of anaphase in higher doses. Significant levels of hypodiploidy also noted at higher doses. The preliminary results indicated that Salbutamol is capable of inducing C-mitotic effects in mouse bone marrow cells, which is suggestive of possible induction of aneuploidy.

C-mitotic effects of trichloroethylene (TCE) on bone marrow cells of mice.

The possible aneuploidy inducing activity of Trichloroethylene (TCE, CAS No. 79-01-6) an industrial chemical was investigated by employing three cytogenetic end points i.e., C-mitotic effects, Micronuclei (MN) and parallel chromosome structural aberration (CA) analysis in vivo. The experiments were conducted in mouse bone marrow cells. The animals were treated with TCE in the dose of 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 mg/kg for 6, 12, 24, 48 hr. Colchicine (COL) was taken as positive control for its known aneuploidy-inducing effects and Cyclophosphamide as a model mutagen. TCE showed positive CM effects accompanied with increases of Mitotic Index and decreased frequencies of anaphases in higher doses. The chemical showed a positive MN response in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes but was negative in CA analysis. The preliminary results indicated that TCE is capable of inducing C-mitotic effects in mouse bone marrow cells which is suggestive of its possible aneuploidy induction potential.

In-vivo genotoxicity of the alkaloid drug pilocarpine nitrate in bone marrow cells and male germ cells of mice.

Pilocarpine nitrate, an alkaloid drug of plant origin induces spindle disfunction in bone marrow cells of mice. Further studies were carried out to investigate its mutagenic effects in somatic and germ cells of mice by assessing chromosome aberrations at mitotic metaphase and as micronuclei in bone marrow cells and sperm-shape abnormality in cauda epididymides. The dose and time yield effects of the drug were investigated. The statistically significant results that were obtained for both chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus test but not for the sperm-shape abnormality test, indicated the genotoxicity of this compound in somatic cells but not in germ cells.