[The clinical laboratory evaluation of impact of shock wave on the activity of peptidohydrolase in urine of patients with urolithiasis].

The article presents the results of comprehensive clinical biochemical study of 79 patients with urolithiasis admitted to the urologic department of public clinical hospital No 7 in 2007-2009. The diagnostic evaluation of the impact of shock wave on kidney parenchyma and crystallization processes was implemented. The chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to analyze the activity of hydrolytic enzymes in urine of patients with urolithiasis underwent the remote lithotripsy sessions. The dependence of the peptidohydrolase activity alteration in urine of patients with urolithiasis after remote lithotripsy from presence/absence of concomitant pyelonephritis was substantiated. This outcome permitted not only to implement the laboratory-based prevention during the pre-operational stage but to plan properly the ratio of repeated sessions of lithotripsy.

[Role of an infectious factor in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis].

The paper gives the data of complex clinical and biochemical examination in 122 urolithiasis (ULT) inpatients treated at the Urology Unit, Moscow City Clinical Hospital Seven, in February 2004 to January 2008. The levels of lithogenic substances and compounds, inhibitors and activators of lithogenesis have been determined. The authors show it possible to use the level of hydrolytic enzymes and activators of cooperative microbial sensitivity as diagnostic and prognostic criteria in diferent forms of ULT, which is in turn of no small importance in developing the science-based methods for the treatment and prevention of recurrent lithogenesis.

[Evaluation of biogeochemical factors influence on the prevalence of urolithiasis in the regions of Tajikistan].

The investigation has been undertaken to study a relationship between some biogeochemical and environmental factors and nephrolithiasis morbidity in the regions of Tajikistan. The paper presents the data of a comprehensive study comprising the biochemical, chromatographic, and mass-spectrometric studies of 1180 patients aged 14 to 76 years, treated at the Dushanbe Urology Medical Center. The performed examination has established a relationship of the higher urolithiasis mortality rates in the poor environmental regions of the Republic of Tajikistan to the high pollution by organic and inorganic substances, the high natural mineralization and hardness of water, the high levels of chlorides, sulfates, and other components of salt composition, which in turn affects the course of a pathological process.

[Chromatographic mass spectrometric assessment of the course of different forms of urolithiasis].

The study has been undertaken to improve the methods for diagnosing urolithiasis, which comprehensively evaluate the severity of a pathological process and the results of treatment in patients with nephrolithiasis. The paper gives the data of investigating the processes of chromatographic mass spectrometric urinalysis in 82 patients aged 15 to 81 years urgently admitted to the units of urology of Moscow City Clinical Hospital Seven for a renal colic attack. The levels of lithogenic substances were measured in patients with different types of metabolic disturbances. There was evidence that the chromatographic mass spectrometric parameters of the level of lithogenic substances and hydrolytic enzymes might be used as diagnostic criteria for the progression of urolithiasis, the prediction of the severity of a pathological process, and the development of preventive methods against lithogenesis in patients with a renal colic attack.

[Urolithiasis morbidity in Tadzhikistan regions: some biogeochemical and environmental factors].

The aim of the study was to investigate urolithiasis prevalence in the main administrative regions of Tadzhikistan, to ascertain effects of drinking water quality, water pollutants and other environmental factors on urolithiasis morbidity in endemic regions of Tadzhikistan. It was found that high urolithiasis incidence rate in some regions was associated with high water pollution (class III and IV), its high natural mineralization and hardness, high content of chlorides, sulphates and other components of salt composition, organic and non-organic pollutants. Chemical and microbiological tests showed that sanitary standards were not strictly observed in the regions with high urolithiasis morbidity. These regions are also characterized by high incidence of acute intestinal infections, thyphoid, nephropathies, high environmental pollution, high density of population.

[Potentialities of current methods for laboratory analysis in the evaluation of the severity and prevalence of nephrolithiasis in Tajikistan].

The investigation was undertaken to study a relationship between some biogeochemical and environmental factors and nephrolithiasis morbidity rates in the regions of Tajikistan. The paper presents the data of an integrated examination involving biochemical, chromatographic, and mass-spectrometric studies of 1180 patients aged 14 to 76 years who have been treated at the Dushanbe Urology Medical Center. The investigation established a relationship of an increase in ICD morbidity in poor environmental regions of the Republic of Tajikistan to the high organic and non-organic pollution, the high natural mineralization and hardness of water, and the elevated levels of chlorides, sulfates, and other salt components, which in turn influences the severity of a pathological process.

[The role of agregatometry in diagnosis of urolithiasis].

Processes of aggregatometry induced by addition of refined compounds in urine from 109 patients aged from 15 to 81 years urgently hospitalized to the urological department of Moscow hospital N 7 from June 2002 to September 2005. The patients had the first episode of renal colics. Main kinds of aggregatograms in urolithiasis patients were determined. Aggregation parameters may be used as diagnostic criteria of urolithiasis development and in design of methods of prophylaxis of urolithiasis in patients with new-onset renal colics.

[Principles of concervative therapy of urolithiasis and prevention of stone formation recurrence].

The modern view of treatment for various forms of nephrolithiasis reflects the main features of nephrolithiasis pathogenesis, but changes in metabolic condition, the presence of dysmetabolism, and the course of pathologic process are not taken into account. Considering that the disease is easier to prevent than to treat, it would be more appropriate to base preventive measures not only on the data from general clinical and biochemical examination, but also on the results of aggregatometry and complex chromato-mass-spectrometric examination allowing prediction of the development of the pathologic process.