Sterile Diet Causes Gut Microbiome Collapse of Cancer Patients Post Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, But Normal Diet Recovers Them.

Though sterile diet, post-transplantation surgery is a clinical strategy for patient care to prevent the infiltration of gut pathogens, less is known about its effects on the gut microbiome. Here, the gut microbiome dynamics of leukemia patients following a 120-day "sterile-normal" diet strategy posthematopoietic cell transplantation are examined. In contrast to the traditional idea, a sterile diet leads to the lowest gut microbiota diversity (p < 0.05) and short-chain fatty acids, promoted the proliferation of potential pathogens such as Streptococcus (up by 16.93%) and Lactobacillus (up by 40.30%), and 43.32% reduction in nodes and an 85.33% reduction in edges within the microbial interaction's network. Interestingly, a normal diet allows the gut microbiome recovery and significantly promotes the abundance of beneficial bacteria. These results indicate that a sterile diet leads to a collapse of the patient's gut microbiome and promoted the proliferation of potential pathogens. This assay is a starting point for a more sophisticated assessment of the effects of a sterile diet. The work also suggests a basic principle for the re-establishment of microbial equilibrium that supplementation of microbial taxa may be the key to the restoration of the degraded ecosystem.

Environmental and social determinants of thyroid cancer: A spatial analysis based on the Geographical Detector.

Introduction: Thyroid cancer has increased sharply in China in recent years. This change may be attributable to multiple factors. The current study aimed to explore the environmental and social determinants of thyroid cancer. Methods: Incidence data from 487 cancer registries in 2016 were collected. Eight factors were considered, namely, air pollution, green space, ambient temperature, ultraviolet radiation, altitude, economic status, healthcare, and education level. A geographical detector (measured by q statistic) was used to evaluate the independent and interactive impact of the eight factors on thyroid cancer. Results: Social factors, especially economic status and healthcare level (q > 0.2), were most influential on thyroid cancer.Ultraviolet radiation, air pollution, and temperature had more impact on women, while green space and altitude had more influence on men. Enhanced effects were observed when two factors interacted. Spatially, economic status, healthcare, and air pollution were positively associated with thyroid cancer, while education level, green space, and altitude were negatively related to thyroid cancer. Conclusion: The socio-environmental determinants and spatial heterogeneity of thyroid cancer were observed in this study. These findings may improve our understanding of thyroid cancer epidemiology and help guide public health interventions.

CXCL10 mediates breast cancer tamoxifen resistance and promotes estrogen-dependent and independent proliferation.

Although 70% of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer patients can benefit from tamoxifen therapy, the rapid development of tamoxifen resistance hampers the treatment advantage. In this investigation, we found that the serum level of CXCL10 in breast cancer patients was positively correlated with tumor size and ER status. Furthermore, GSE22220 dataset analysis demonstrated that CXCL10 expression in the tumor was correlated with tumor grade and lymphatic metastasis status, and Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients with high CXCL10 expression had a poor prognosis. Estrogen-deprived MCF7 cells were transfected with CXCL10 luciferase reporter plasmid and treated with 10 nM estrogen. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that CXCL10 was regulated by estrogen. CXCL10 promoted the proliferation of both parental MCF7 cells and tamoxifen-resistant (TamR) MCF7 cells through the AKT pathway, while CXCL10 inhibition restored the sensitivity of TamR cells to tamoxifen. All of these data indicate that CXCL10 could be utilized as a biomarker to predict the prognosis of breast cancer and as a therapeutic target to treat tamoxifen resistant cases.

Risk Factors of Regional Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Cervical Cancer.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the risk factors related to regional lymph node metastasis in cervical cancer and analyze the value of independent risk factors in predicting regional lymph node metastasis. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 699 patients who underwent surgery for stage IB1-IIA2 cervical cancer in Quanzhou First Hospital affiliated to Fujian Medical University from 2010 to 2016. The patients were divided into metastasis (n = 92) and non-metastasis (n = 607) groups based on the postoperative pathology of regional lymph node status. The relevant clinicopathological features of the metastasis and non-metastasis groups were compared through variance analysis and chi-square tests. Logistic regression was adopted to screen relevant independent risk factors of regional lymph node metastasis. RESULTS: In univariate analysis, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages, serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), histological type of squamous carcinoma and maximal tumor diameter were related factors for lymphatic metastasis in patients with cervical cancer. In multivariate analysis, SCC-Ag and histological type of squamous carcinoma were independent prognostic factors for lymphatic metastasis in patients with cervical cancer. Pre-treatment SCC-Ag serum levels, as a predictor of lymph node metastasis of cervical cancer, revealed a sensitivity of 62.07% (95% confidence interval (CI): 51.03-72.62%), specificity of 65.15% (59.07-70.89%), and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of 0.69 (95% CI: 0.61-0.76). CONCLUSIONS: Cervical cancer patients whose pathological type is squamous carcinoma with high levels of SSC-Ag pre-operation are more likely to be diagnosed with regional lymph node metastasis. Standardized lymph node dissection should be implemented during operation.

Expression of CD24 in prostate cancer tissues and its clinical significance / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

@#Objective: To investigate the expression of CD24 in prostate cancer (PC) tissues, and explore its relationship with clinicopathological features of PC patients. Methods:Atotal of 40 cases of PC tissues and 36 cases of corresponding para-cacerous tissues resected during surgery at the Department of Urology Surgery, Quanzhou First HospitalAffiliated to Fujian Medical University from February 2016 to March 2019 were collected for this study; in addition, 46 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues were collected from patients underwent TURP surgery. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of CD24 in above mentioned tissues; One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the relationship between the expression of CD24 and the age, tumor distribution, preoperative serum PSA, postoperative Gleason score, clinical stage and distant metastasis of PC patients. Results: The positive expression rate and MFI (mean fluorensece intensity) value of CD24 in prostate cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in para-cancerous prostate tissues and benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues (all P<0.05); CD24 positive expression rate and MFI value in PC tissues of patients with preoperative serum PSA≥10 ng/ml, postoperative Gleason score≥8 (low differentiation), clinical stage of T4 and distant metastasis were significantly higher than corresponding control group (all P<0.05); The expression of CD24 gradually increased with the progression of postoperative Gleason score and clinical stage ( P <0.05). Conclusions: The expression of CD24 is increased in prostate cancer tissues. The detection of CD24 expression level can help to determine the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer, and has potential clinical application value.