Investigation into the association of FNDC1 and ADAMTS12 gene expression with plumage coloration in Muscovy ducks.

To elucidate the molecular genetic mechanisms underpinning feather color in Muscovy ducks. A cohort of 100 Muscovy ducks was meticulously selected for this research. Follicular tissues from ducks exhibiting black and white plumage served as the experimental samples. From these tissues, RNA and proteins were extracted for further analysis. The RNA underwent reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction amplification, followed by validation through western blot assays. The data revealed a significant upregulation in the expression of FN domain-containing protein 1 (FNDC1) and ADAMTS12 genes in Muscovy ducks with white plumage traits as opposed to those with black plumage traits. Specifically, individuals with pure white plumage demonstrated a markedly elevated expression of the FNDC1 gene in comparison to their pure black counterparts. Conversely, expression levels of the ADAMTS12 gene were found to be reduced in ducks with pure black plumage relative to those with pure white plumage. Notably, the expression patterns of FNDC1 and ADAMTS12 genes exhibited inconsistencies between mRNA and protein levels. This study offers significant insights into the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying feather color variation in Muscovy ducks. FNDC1 and ADAMTS12 could be considered potential targets for genetic manipulation or selective breeding strategies aimed at achieving specific feather color phenotypes in Muscovy ducks.

Exploration of the genetic influence of MYOT and MB genes on the plumage coloration of Muscovy ducks.

Plumage color, a pivotal attribute delineating diverse Muscovy duck strains, assumes considerable significance within the field of Muscovy duck breeding research. This study extends the existing research by delving into the hereditary aspects of genes associated with plumage coloration in Muscovy ducks. The principal objective is to discern marker genes conducive to targeted breeding strategies based on plumage color, thereby furnishing indispensable technical foundations for the development of novel Muscovy duck varieties. Our investigation focused on scrutinizing the impact of MYOT and MB genes on the genetic expression of plumage color at both the RNA and protein levels in Muscovy ducks. The results elucidate that black Muscovy ducks manifest markedly elevated mRNA and protein expression levels of MYOT and MB genes in comparison to their white counterparts, indicating that both genes may play a constructive regulatory role in the context of plumage coloration in Muscovy ducks. The outcomes of this study delineate a discernible correlation between MYOT and MB genes and the plumage coloration in Muscovy ducks. Employing gene expression analysis, we successfully identified candidate genes that may be intricately linked to the determination of plumage color in these ducks.

Transgenic sperm produced by electrotransfection and allogeneic transplantation of chicken fetal spermatogonial stem cells.

To study self-renewal, genetic modification, and differentiation of avian spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), we isolated chicken SSCs from fetal testes on the 16th hatching day via enzyme digestion, and then cultured the SSCs over 2 months after purification in vitro. SSCs were identified by alkaline phosphatase staining and SSEA-1 fluorescence. The EGFP gene was transfected into SSCs by three different methods: electroporation, liposome transfer and calcium acid phosphate precipitation. The transfection rate and cell survival rate using electroporation were higher than when using liposomes or calcium acid phosphate (20.52% vs. 9.75% and 5.61%; 69.86% vs. 65.00% and 51.16%, respectively). After selection with G418 for 8 days, the transgenic SSCs were transplanted into the testes of cocks treated with busulfan. Twenty-five days after transplantation, the recipients' semen was light ivory in color, and the density of spermatozoa was 3.87 (x10(7)/ml), with 4.25% expressing EGFP. By 85 days after transplantation, the number of spermatozoa increased to 32.7 (x10(7)/ml) and the rate of EGFP expression was 16.25%. Frozen sections of the recipients' testes showed that transgenic SSCs were located on the basal membrane of the seminiferous tubules and differentiated into spermatogenic cells at different stages. The EGFP gene was successfully amplified from the DNA of all recipients' semen samples.