RESUMO
Obesity is increasingly becoming a global epidemic of concern and is considered a risk factor for several endocrine-related cancers. Moreover, obesity is associated with cancer development and poor prognosis. As a metabolic abnormality, obesity leads to a series of changes in insulin, IGF-1, sex hormones, IGFBPs, and adipokines. Among these factors, IGF-1 plays an important role in obesity-related endocrine cancers. This review describes the role of obesity in endocrine-related cancers, such as prostate cancer, breast cancer and pancreatic cancer, focusing on the mechanism of IGF-1 and the crosstalk with estrogen and adipokines. In addition, this review briefly introduces the current status of IGF-1R inhibitors in clinical practice and shows the prospect of IGF-1R inhibitors in combination with other anticancer drugs.
Assuntos
Neoplasias , Obesidade , Humanos , Adipocinas/metabolismo , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/metabolismo , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/metabolismo , Receptor IGF Tipo 1/metabolismo , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/metabolismoRESUMO
Increasing evidence supports that microRNA (miRNA)-mediated gene regulation plays a significant functional role in cancer progression. To investigate the expression and clinical significance of ITGB1 in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the expression levels of ITGB1 in NSCLC tissues and human normal lung tissues were analyzed in silico using genes microarray, KEGG pathway and hierarchical clustering analysis followed by validation with quantitative RT-PCR. Our results showed that ITGB1 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues when compared with normal lung tissues. Survival analysis based on the qRT-PCR data established that ITGB1 expression was attentively related to the prognosis of NSCLC, and patients with higher ITGB1 expression had shorter overall survival (OS). Moreover, ITGB1 was confirmed to be a direct target of miR-493-5p. Furthermore, concomitant high expression of ITGB1 and low expression of miR-493-5p correlated with a shorter median OS and PFS in NSCLC patients. In conclusion, our results provide the first evidence that ITGB1 is a direct target of miR-493-5p suggesting that ITGB1 and miR-493-5p may have potential prognostic value and may be useful as tumor biomarkers for the diagnosis of NSCLC patients.
Assuntos
Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/mortalidade , Integrina beta1/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , MicroRNAs/genética , Interferência de RNA , Adulto , Idoso , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Biologia Computacional/métodos , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Ontologia Genética , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Anotação de Sequência Molecular , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Prognóstico , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
A new multiple description coding paradigm is proposed by combining the time-domain lapped transform, block level source splitting, linear prediction, and prediction residual encoding. The method provides effective redundancy control and fully utilizes the source correlation. The joint optimization of all system components and the asymptotic performance analysis are presented. Image coding results demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method, especially at low redundancies.
