Oral administration of sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) protein exerts wound healing effects via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of the oral administration of sea cucumber protein (SCP) on wound healing. SCP was isolated and purified from the body wall of Stichopus japonicus. A mouse skin incision model was operated on to evaluate the wound repair effect of SCP. The histological changes in the skin at the wound sites of BALB/c mice were observed by staining with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Masson's trichrome. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyze the expression of inflammatory cytokines in BALB/c mice. The boost cell migration ability was detected by a scratch assay after HaCaT cells were cultured with digested SCP (dSCP). Western blotting and RT-PCR assays were performed to determine the mechanism of SCP promoting wound healing. As a result, the wound healing rate in the SCP high dose group was 1.3-fold, compared to that in the blank group on day 14. Also, increased epidermal thickness and 1.79-fold collagen deposition contrasted with the blank group. Additionally, SCP could up-regulate the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1ß, IL-6, TNF-α) from day 3 to 7 firstly and decreased from day 7 to 14. IL-8 expression continuously decreased while the level of anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10) increased during the healing stage. Furthermore, the cell closure area reached 67% after being treated with 50 µg mL-1 of dSCP for 48 h. Cell proliferation was associated with the dSCP-activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Taken together, SCP can be orally used as an effective agent for wound repair.

Solving flexible job shop scheduling problems with transportation time based on improved genetic algorithm.

In the practical production, after the completion of a job on a machine, it may be transported between the different machines. And, the transportation time may affect product quality in certain industries, such as steelmaking. However, the transportation times are commonly neglected in the literature. In this paper, the transportation time and processing time are taken as the independent time into the flexible job shop scheduling problem. The mathematical model of the flexible job shop scheduling problem with transportation time is established to minimize the maximum completion time. The FJSP problem is NP-hard. Then, an improved genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem. In the decoding process, an operation left shift insertion method according to the problem characteristics is proposed to decode the chromosomes in order to get the active scheduling solutions. The actual instance is solved by the proposed algorithm used the Matlab software. The computational results show that the proposed mathematical model and algorithm are valid and feasible, which could effectively guide the actual production practice.