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1.
Adv Mater ; 36(21): e2310711, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38528777

RESUMO

Developing an additive to effectively regulate the perovskite crystallization kinetics for the optimized optoelectronic properties of perovskite film plays a vital role in obtaining high efficiency and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a new additive is designed and directly synthesized in perovskite precursor solution by utilizing an addition reaction between but-3-yn-1-amine hydrochloride (BAH) and formamidinium iodide. It is found that its product may control the intermediate precursor phase for regulating perovskite nucleation, leading to advantageous 2D perovskite to induce growth of perovskite along the preferred [001] orientation with not only released lattice strain but also strong interaction with perovskite to passivate its surface defects. By taking advantage of the above synergistic effects, the optimized PSC delivers an efficiency of 25.19% and a high open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.22 V. Additionally, the devices demonstrate good stability, remaining over 90% of their initial efficiencies under ambient atmosphere conditions for 60 days, high temperature of 85 °C for 200 h, or maximum power point tracking for 500 h.

2.
Curr Biol ; 33(11): 2321-2329.e5, 2023 06 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37224808

RESUMO

Plant-predator mutualisms have been widely described in nature.1,2 How plants fine-tune their mutualistic interactions with the predators they recruit remains poorly understood. In the wild potato (Solanum kurtzianum), predatory mites, Neoseiulus californicus, are recruited to flowers of undamaged plants but rapidly move downward when the herbivorous mites, Tetranychus urticae, damage leaves. This "up-down" movement within the plant corresponds to the shift of N. californicus from palynivory to carnivory, as they change from feeding on pollen to herbivores when moving between different plant organs. This up-down movement of N. californicus is mediated by the organ-specific emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in flowers and herbivory-elicited leaves. Experiments with exogenous applications, biosynthetic inhibitors, and transient RNAi revealed that salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signaling in flowers and leaves mediates both the changes in VOC emissions and the up-down movement of N. californicus. This alternating communication between flowers and leaves mediated by organ-specific VOC emissions was also found in a cultivated variety of potato, suggesting the agronomic potential of using flowers as reservoirs of natural enemies in the control of potato pests.


Assuntos
Ácaros , Tetranychidae , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis , Animais , Ácaros/fisiologia , Tetranychidae/fisiologia , Folhas de Planta , Flores , Comportamento Predatório/fisiologia
3.
Eur Econ Rev ; 153: 104385, 2023 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36714546

RESUMO

We estimate the euro area output gap by applying the Beveridge-Nelson decomposition based on a large Bayesian vector autoregression. Our approach incorporates multivariate information through the inclusion of a wide range of variables in the analysis and addresses data issues associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. The estimated output gap lines up well with the CEPR chronology of the business cycle for the euro area and we find that hours worked, more than the unemployment rate, provides the key source of information about labor utilization in the economy, especially in pinning down the depth of the output gap during the COVID-19 recession when the unemployment rate rose only moderately. Our findings confirm that labor market adjustments to the business cycle in the euro area occur more through the intensive, rather than extensive, margin.

4.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol ; 10: 851692, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35242753

RESUMO

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental disease with a heavy social and economic burden that causes extreme mood swings in patients. Valproate is a first-line drug for bipolar disorder patients to stabilize their daily mood. However, an excessive amount of valproate in the blood could induce severe adverse effects, which necessitates the monitoring of blood valproate levels for patients. Here, we developed an innovative electrochemical sensor for selective and simple detection of valproate based on a molecularly imprinted polymer membrane via one-step electropolymerization. Gold nanoparticles were electrochemically modified to the screen-printed electrode under the selective membrane to enhance its conductivity and stability. The successfully fabricated biosensor was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry methods. The binding of the target molecules to the valproate-customized biomimetic polypyrrole membrane blocks cavities in the membrane and alters its electric properties, which can be detected as a decrease in the peak current by differential pulse voltammetry method. The peak current change presents a great log-linear response to the valproate concentration around the therapeutic window. The limit of detection of this method was 17.48 µM (LOD, S/N = 3) and the sensitivity was 31.86 µM µA-1. Furthermore, the biosensors exhibited both satisfying specificity with the interference of other psychological pharmaceutical drugs and uniformity among sensors, indicating their potential and reliability in translational application. This simple and reliable method of sensing valproate molecules primarily provides an exceptional solution to valproate point-of-care testing in clinical practice.

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