Neonatal chikungunya encephalitis.

Chikungunya is a tropical viral disease and can present in the new born with perinatal transmission. Presentation usually mimics sepsis and high index of suspicion is needed for diagnosis specially at times of outbreak. Characteristic skin rash and perioral blotchy hyperpigmentation can point to diagnosis along with laboratory confirmation with RTPCR.

The Inescapable Conundrum of Klippel-Feil Syndrome Airway: Case Reports.

Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a rare congenital anomaly that is characterized by short neck, low posterior hairline, and restricted neck movements, all of which lead to the possibility of a difficult airway. These patients often have associated multiple systemic anomalies, which add to the challenges in anesthetic management. We describe the anesthetic management of 3 patients with KFS: 2 who underwent modified radical mastoidectomy and 1 patient who underwent vaginoplasty at our institute. Careful planning and preparedness for difficult airway and thorough knowledge of associated comorbidities are key to successful management of patients with KFS.

Technetium uptake predicts remission and relapse in Grave's disease patients on antithyroid drugs for at least 1 year in South Indian subjects.

CONTEXT: Most of the information on remission related factors in Grave's disease are derived from Western literature. It is likely that there may be additional prognostic factors and differences in the postdrug treatment course of Grave's disease in India. AIM: To study factors which predict remission/relapse in Grave's disease patients from South India. Also to establish if technetium (Tc) uptake has a role in predicting remission. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Records of 174 patients with clinical, biochemical, and scintigraphic criteria consistent with Grave's disease, seen in our Institution between January 2006 and 2014 were analyzed. Patient factors, drug-related factors, Tc-99m uptake and other clinical factors were compared between the remission and nonremission groups. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Mann-Whitney U-test and Chi-square tests were used when appropriate to compare the groups. RESULTS: Fifty-seven (32.7%) patients attained remission after at least 1 year of thionamide therapy. Of these, 11 (19.2%) patients relapsed within 1 year. Age, gender, goiter, and presence of extrathyroidal manifestations were not associated with remission. Higher values of Tc uptake were positively associated with remission (P- 0.02). Time to achievement of normal thyroid function and composite dose: Time scores were significantly associated with remission (P - 0.05 and P - 0.01, respectively). Patients with lower FT4 at presentation had a higher chance of remission (P - 0.01). The relapse rates were lower than previously reported in the literature. A higher Tc uptake was found to be significantly associated with relapse also (P - 0.009). CONCLUSION: The prognostic factors associated with remission in Graves's disease in this South Indian study are not the same as that reported in Western literature. Tc scintigraphy may have an additional role in identifying people who are likely to undergo remission and thus predict the outcome of Grave's disease.