QSPR/QSAR study of antiviral drugs modeled as multigraphs by using TI's and MLR method to treat COVID-19 disease.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic continues to pose significant challenges worldwide, despite widespread vaccination. Researchers are actively exploring antiviral treatments to assess their efficacy against emerging virus variants. The aim of the study is to employ M-polynomial, neighborhood M-polynomial approach and QSPR/QSAR analysis to evaluate specific antiviral drugs including Lopinavir, Ritonavir, Arbidol, Thalidomide, Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine, Theaflavin and Remdesivir. Utilizing degree-based and neighborhood degree sum-based topological indices on molecular multigraphs reveals insights into the physicochemical properties of these drugs, such as polar surface area, polarizability, surface tension, boiling point, enthalpy of vaporization, flash point, molar refraction and molar volume are crucial in predicting their efficacy against viruses. These properties influence the solubility, permeability, and bio availability of the drugs, which in turn affect their ability to interact with viral targets and inhibit viral replication. In QSPR analysis, molecular multigraphs yield notable correlation coefficients exceeding those from simple graphs: molar refraction (MR) (0.9860), polarizability (P) (0.9861), surface tension (ST) (0.6086), molar volume (MV) (0.9353) using degree-based indices, and flash point (FP) (0.9781), surface tension (ST) (0.7841) using neighborhood degree sum-based indices. QSAR models, constructed through multiple linear regressions (MLR) with a backward elimination approach at a significance level of 0.05, exhibit promising predictive capabilities highlighting the significance of the biological activity I C 50 (Half maximal inhibitory concentration). Notably, the alignment of predicted and observed values for Remdesivir's with obs p I C 50 = 6.01 ,pred p I C 50 = 6.01 ( p I C 50 represents the negative logarithm of I C 50 ) underscores the accuracy of multigraph-based QSAR analysis. The primary objective is to showcase the valuable contribution of multigraphs to QSPR and QSAR analyses, offering crucial insights into molecular structures and antiviral properties. The integration of physicochemical applications enhances our understanding of factors influencing antiviral drug efficacy, essential for combating emerging viral strains effectively.

Evaluation of uncertainty in personal dose measured using CaSO4:Dy-based TLD badge at different workplaces.

The metrological quality of a measurement is characterised by evaluating the uncertainty in the measurement. In this paper, uncertainty in personal dose measured using individual monitoring CaSO4:Dy-based thermoluminescence dosimeter badge is evaluated by application of the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement method. The present dose reporting quantity, whole body dose (WBD) and the proposed quantity, personal dose equivalent, Hp(10) has been used as measurands. The influence of various input quantities on the measurement were analyzed through tests that conform to the requirements of the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC 62387. The study found that the expanded uncertainties for WBD and Hp(10) measurements were 63.4% and 41.4%, respectively, corresponding to a 95% coverage probability for workplace fields covering a wide photon energy range (33-1250 keV). However, the uncertainty estimates were quite lower for the type of workplaces that are identified using the dose evaluation algorithm. The input quantities, namely, the response to a mixture of photon beam qualities and photon energy and angular dependence contribute the most to the total uncertainty.

Revealing the Role of CYP346 Family Genes on Phosphine Resistance in Indian Populations of Tribolium castaneum.

BACKGROUND: Phosphine resistance in Tribolium castaneum challenges grain storage. This study investigates the impact of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes and CYP346 family genes on phosphine resistance in Indian Tribolium castaneum populations. METHODS: Seven field populations of T. castaneum were compared with Lab- susceptible population for their resistance to phosphine. The levels of cytochrome P450 enzyme and expression of certain CYP346 family genes were tracked in these populations. RESULTS: The highly resistant Patiala population showed significantly increased CYP450 activity (11.26 ± 0.14 nmol/min/mg protein, 7.41-fold higher) compared to the lab-susceptible population (1.52 ± 0.09 nmol/min/mg protein) when assayed using 8 mM p-nitroanisole as the substrate. The mRNA expression was measured relative to the standard gene RPS18 and revealed significant upregulation of CYP346B1 and CYP346B3 in highly resistant populations Moga and Patiala (CYP346B1: 12.09 ± 2.19 to 21.74 ± 3.82; CYP346B3: 59.097 ± 10.265 to 50.148 ± 8.272). Patiala's CYP346B1 exhibited an impressive 685.76-fold change, and Moga's CYP346B3 showed a 361.893-fold change compared to lab-susceptible. Linear regression confirmed robust fits for each gene (R2: 0.693 to 0.756). Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated a strong positive correlation between CYP346 genes expression; and cytochrome P450 activity. Patiala, Moga, and Hapur populations showed conformity, associating higher resistance with increased P450 activity and CYP346 gene expression. Cluster analysis highlighted a potential correlation between CYP346B1, CYP346B2, and CYP346B3 and P450 activity, with Patiala and Moga clustering together. CONCLUSIONS: Variability in CYP346B1 and CYP346B3 in strong resistance populations may contribute to adaptation and resistance mechanisms. The study provides insights into specific CYP346 family genes associated with phosphine resistance, emphasizing the intricate interaction between CYP450 detoxifying enzymes, CYP346 family genes, and resistance mechanisms. The upregulation of CYP346 genes suggests a survival advantage for T. castaneum against phosphine, diminishing phosphine's efficacy as a pest control measure.

Factors influencing the organisational homeostasis in healthcare organisations.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify organisational homeostasis factors in the context of healthcare organisations and to develop a conceptual model for green transformation. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The organisational homeostasis factors were determined by review of literature study and the opinions of healthcare experts. Scheduled interviews and closed-ended questionnaires are employed to collect data for this research. This study employed "TISM methodology" and "MICMAC analysis" to better comprehend how the components interact with one another and prioritise them based on their driving and dependence power. FINDINGS: This study identified 10 factors of organisational homeostasis in healthcare organisation. Recognition of interdependence, hormesis, strategic coalignment, consciousness on dependence of healthcare resources and cybernetic principle of regulations are the driving or key factors of this study. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS: The study's primary focus was on the organisational homeostasis factors in healthcare organisations. The methodological approach and structural model are used in a healthcare organisation; in the future, these approaches can be applied to other industries as well. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The key drivers of organisational homeostasis and the identified factors will be better comprehended and understood by academic and important stakeholders in healthcare organisations. Prioritizing the factors helps the policymakers to comprehend the organisational homeostasis for green transformation in healthcare. ORIGINALITY/VALUE: In this study, the TISM and MICMAC analysis for healthcare is proposed as an innovative approach to address the organisational homeostasis concept in the context of green transformation in healthcare organisations.

Entrepreneurial education and its role in fostering sustainable communities.

Establishing sustainable communities requires bridging the gap between academic knowledge and societal requirements; this is where entrepreneurial education comes in. The first phase involved a comprehensive review of the literature and extensive consultation with experts to identify and shortlist the components of entrepreneurship education that support sustainable communities. The second phase involved Total Interpretative Structural Modelling to explore or ascertain how the elements interacted between sustainable communities and entrepreneurial education. The factors are ranked and categorized using the Matrice d'impacts croises multiplication appliquee an un classement (MICMAC) approach. The MICMAC analysis classifies partnerships and incubators as critical drivers, identifying Student Entrepreneurship Clubs and Sustainability Research Centers as dependent elements. The study emphasizes alumni networks and curriculum designs as key motivators. The results highlight the critical role that well-designed entrepreneurial education plays in developing socially conscious entrepreneurs, strengthening communities, and generating long-term job prospects. The study provides a valuable road map for stakeholders dedicated to long-term community development agendas by informing the creation of strategic initiatives, curriculum updates, and policies incorporating entrepreneurial education.

One-pot synthesis of unsubstituted and methyl substituted-pyrazinyl diselenides and monoselenides: structural, optical property characterization and DFT calculations.

Organoselenium compounds have long been fascinated researchers owing to their wide range of applications, such as in anticancer, in catalysis, and as molecular precursors for metal selenides. In this view, herein, the one-pot synthesis of dimethyl substituted and unsubstituted dipyrazinyl monoselenides, [(2-pyz)2Se] and [(2,5-Me2-3-pyz)2Se], and the corresponding dipyrazinyl disenides, [(2-pyzSe)2] and [(2,5-Me2-3-pyzSe)2], is demonstrated by the reduction of selenium metal using sodium borohydride at room temperature and a subsequent alkylation using the corresponding pyrazinyl halide in ethanol. All the diselenides and monoselenides were characterized using IR, UV-vis, photoluminescence, and NMR (1H, 13C{1H}, and 77Se{1H}) spectroscopy. The molecular structures of the diselenides and monoselenides were unambiguously determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD). The optical properties, including absorption, excitation, emission, and quantum yield, of these organoselenium compounds were examined. Additionally, DFT calculations were performed to determine the HOMO and LUMO orbitals, band gap, and oscillator strength of these ligands.

Prevalence and factors associated with tuberculosis infection in India.

BACKGROUND: The risk of tuberculosis (TB) disease is higher in individuals with TB infection. In a TB endemic country like India, it is essential to understand the current burden of TB infection at the population level. The objective of the present analysis is to estimate the prevalence of TB infection in India and to explore the factors associated with TB infection. METHODS: Individuals aged > 15 years in the recently completed National TB prevalence survey in India who were tested for TB infection by QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) assay were considered for this sub-analysis. TB infection was defined as positive by QFT-Plus (value >0.35 IU/ml). The estimates for prevalence, prevalence ratio (PR) and adjusted risk ratio (aRR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. RESULTS: Of the 16864 individuals analysed, the prevalence of TB infection was 22.6% (95% CI:19.4 -25.8). Factors more likely to be associated with TB infection include age > 30 years (aRR:1.49;95% CI:1.29-1.73), being male (aRR:1.26; 95%CI: 1.18-1.34), residing in urban location (aRR:1.58; 95%CI: 1.03-2.43) and past history of TB (aRR:1.49; 95%CI: 1.26-1.76). CONCLUSION: About one fourth (22.6%) of the individuals were infected with TB in India. Individuals aged > 30 years, males, residing in urban location, and those with past history of TB were more likely to have TB infection. Targeted interventions for prevention of TB and close monitoring are essential to reduce the burden of TB in India.

Current status of phosphine resistance in Indian field populations of Tribolium castaneum and its influence on antioxidant enzyme activities.

Resistance to phosphine is widely reported in several stored product insect pests globally. However, knowledge of its prevalence and the association of antioxidant enzymes with phosphine resistance is limited. Herein, we assessed the levels of phosphine susceptibility and estimated the antioxidant enzyme activities viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POX), and catalase (CAT) in selected Indian populations of red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). Dose-response probit assays revealed that the LC50 values ranged from 0.038 to 1.277 mg L-1 showing 2.11 to 70.94-fold resistance to phosphine compared to susceptible check. Activities of antioxidant enzymes varied significantly between the T. castaneum populations following phosphine exposure. The magnitude of SOD activity ranged from 8.77 to18.82 U mg-1 protein, while, the activities of POX and CAT varied between 52.42 and 408.32 and 61.11 to 247.49 µM H2O2 reduced min-1 mg-1 of protein, respectively. The correlation analysis revealed a significant positive association of SOD (r = 0.89) and POX (r = 0.98) with increased resistance ratio, while the CAT (r = - 0.98) is negatively linked with resistance to phosphine. A principal component analysis identified phosphine resistance was closely associated with POX and SOD activities but was unrelated to the CAT activity. Our results throw light on the varied association of antioxidant enzyme activities in response to phosphine fumigation in field populations of T. castaneum. Further studies on the biochemical and molecular basis of phosphine stress in insects may help to devise suitable strategies to safeguard storage commodities and ensure a sustainable environment.

Airway surveillance and lung viral control by memory T cells induced by COVID-19 mRNA vaccine.

Although SARS-CoV-2 evolution seeds a continuous stream of antibody-evasive viral variants, COVID-19 mRNA vaccines provide robust protection against severe disease and hospitalization. Here, we asked whether mRNA vaccine-induced memory T cells limit lung SARS-CoV-2 replication and severe disease. We show that mice and humans receiving booster BioNTech mRNA vaccine developed potent CD8 T cell responses and showed similar kinetics of expansion and contraction of granzyme B/perforin-expressing effector CD8 T cells. Both monovalent and bivalent mRNA vaccines elicited strong expansion of a heterogeneous pool of terminal effectors and memory precursor effector CD8 T cells in spleen, inguinal and mediastinal lymph nodes, pulmonary vasculature, and most surprisingly in the airways, suggestive of systemic and regional surveillance. Furthermore, we document that: (a) CD8 T cell memory persists in multiple tissues for > 200 days; (b) following challenge with pathogenic SARS-CoV-2, circulating memory CD8 T cells rapidly extravasate to the lungs and promote expeditious viral clearance, by mechanisms that require CD4 T cell help; and (c) adoptively transferred splenic memory CD8 T cells traffic to the airways and promote lung SARS-CoV-2 clearance. These findings provide insights into the critical role of memory T cells in preventing severe lung disease following breakthrough infections with antibody-evasive SARS-CoV-2 variants.

Novel moisture retaining dustable powder containing Steinernema abbasi effectively controls damage of subterranean termite in wheat and chickpea.

The application of biocontrol agents in farm operations for pest control programs is gaining priority and preference globally. Effective delivery, infectivity of the biocontrol agents, and quality shelf-life products containing these bioagents are vital parameters responsible for the success of biopesticides under field conditions. In the present study, moisture-retaining bio-insecticidal dustable powder formulation (SaP) of Steinernema abbasi (Sa) infective juveniles (IJs) was developed and assessed for its shelf life, physicochemical profile, and bio-efficacy against subterranean termite under field conditions. Formulation exhibited free-flowing character, with pH of 6.50-7.50, and apparent density in the range 0.50-0.70 g cm-3. The bioefficacy study for two rabi seasons (2020-2021, and 2021-2022) in wheat and chickpea grown in an experimental farm heavily infested with subterranean termites (Odontotermes obesus) revealed a significant reduction in plant damage due to pest attack in formulation-treated plots, monitored in terms of relative number of infested tillers in wheat and infested plants in chickpea fields. The reduced damage to the crop caused by termite was reflected in the relative differences in the growth and yield attributes as well. The study establishes the potential of the developed product as a biopesticide suitable for organic farming and integrated pest management operations.

Mapping analytical hierarchy process research to sustainable development goals: Bibliometric and social network analysis.

The drive to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) becomes more urgent as the 2030 deadline draws near, increasing research in various sectors. Nevertheless, studies that systematically map Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) publications with the SDGs need to be more conspicuously lacking. Our study adds a new perspective to the field by creatively bridging this knowledge gap using the Elsevier SDG Mapping Initiative. To find research clusters, trends, and themes linked to SDGs and their connection to environmental sustainability, we thoroughly analyzed 29,897 publications from 2012 to 2022. The analysis showed that SDG 15, SDG 7, SDG 12, SDG 13, and SDG 11 were the top five SDGs, with an environmental focus among the 17 SDGs. These top SDGs had many clusters connected to them, illustrating various sustainability-related problems. The study also looked at connections between SDGs, the nations with the highest rates of productivity, the top contributors, and the journals with the highest citation counts. We discovered three separate SDG clusters using co-occurrence network analysis, each representing a different SDG. We discovered relevant SDGs using Matrice d'impacts croisés multiplication appliquée á un classment (MICMAC) analysis and centrality indicators like eigenvector and betweenness. This novel method for publishing analysis combines an AHP focus that aligns with the SDGs with social network analysis and centrality metrics. Our research advances knowledge of how the AHP technique can assess initiatives supporting the SDGs. We offer essential insights into prioritizing sustainable development measures by identifying research clusters, trends, and issues related to environmental sustainability. This study highlights the subject's most important SDGs, productive nations, helpful organizations, and significant journals.

Management of Intraoperative Rupture of Intracranial Aneurysms: Agony and Ecstasy.

Intraoperative rupture (IOR) of an intracranial aneurysm is a serious complication, often with catastrophic consequences that are difficult to manage even by the best hands. Like most surgical complications, this one is better to avoid than to treat, but any vascular neurosurgeon should know how to deal with IOR of an aneurysm, because it is bound to occur. The aims of this study were to evaluate the incidence and factors associated with IOR during clipping of intracranial aneurysms, to analyze strategies for controlling hemorrhage in such cases, and to assess outcomes. Overall, 911 cases of intracranial aneurysms, which were treated surgically by the author during 26 years of his professional career, were reviewed. IOR was never noted during clipping of an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (65 cases) but was encountered in 49 of 846 cases (5.8%) presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage. This complication occurred most often in cases of internal carotid artery aneurysms (22 cases; 45%), followed by anterior communicating artery aneurysms (12 cases; 24%), distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms (6 cases; 12%), middle cerebral artery aneurysms (6 cases; 12%), and posterior circulation aneurysms (3 cases; 6%). IOR was mostly encountered during early surgery (within 3 days) after the ictus (26 cases; 53%) and most frequently occurred during dissection of the aneurysm (26 cases; 53%). Overall, 22 patients (45%) had good outcome, 18 (37%) had variable morbidity, and 9 (18%) died. Fatal consequences of IOR were noted only in cases of big or multilobulated internal carotid artery aneurysms. Detailed planning of the surgical procedure, application of meticulous microdissection techniques, and anticipation of possible intraoperative incidents during intervention aimed at clipping of an intracranial aneurysm can reduce the risk of IOR, as well as the associated morbidity and mortality.

IL-1ß transgenic mouse model of inflammation driven esophageal and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Chronic inflammation is integral to the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), although the latter has not been associated with reflux esophagitis. The L2-IL-1ß transgenic mice, expressing human interleukin (IL)-1ß in the oral, esophageal and forestomach squamous epithelia feature chronic inflammation and a stepwise development of Barrett's esophagus-like metaplasia, dysplasia and adenocarcinoma at the squamo-columnar junction. However, the functional consequences of IL-1ß-mediated chronic inflammation in the oral and esophageal squamous epithelia remain elusive. We report for the first time that in addition to the previously described Barrett's esophagus-like metaplasia, the L2-IL-1ß mice also develop squamous epithelial dysplasia with progression to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the esophagus and the tongue. L2-IL-1ß showed age-dependent progression of squamous dysplasia to SCC with approximately 40% (n = 49) and 23.5% (n = 17) incidence rates for esophageal and tongue invasive SCC respectively, by 12-15 months of age. Interestingly, SCC development and progression in L2-IL-1ß was similar in both Germ Free (GF) and Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) conditions. Immunohistochemistry revealed a T cell predominant inflammatory profile with enhanced expression of Ki67, Sox2 and the DNA double-strand break marker, γ-H2AX, in the dysplastic squamous epithelia of L2-IL-1ß mice. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, immunomodulatory players, chemoattractants for inflammatory cells (T cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, and macrophages) and oxidative damage marker, iNOS, were significantly increased in the esophageal and tongue tissues of L2-IL-1ß mice. Our recent findings have expanded the translational utility of the IL-1ß mouse model to aid in further characterization of the key pathways of inflammation driven BE and EAC as well as ESCC and Oral SCC.

An Ocular Emergency Often Ignored.

Branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) is a relatively rare vascular disorder characterized by the occlusion of one or more branches of the central retinal artery, with an incidence of around 5 per 100,000 persons per year. Its ability to cause permanent vision loss in a specific visual field makes it a significant clinical obstacle that requires careful management. We describe a case of a 77-year-old male patient, a known hypertensive (on medication and whose hypertension was under control), presented with sudden painless loss of vision in the superior field of his right eye. Timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial to initiate appropriate management. Patients with hypertension should be routinely screened for its various micro- and macrovascular complications, and prophylactic therapy/management should be started wherever warranted.

On the spectrum, energy and Laplacian energy of graphs with self-loops.

The total energy of a conjugated molecule's π-electrons is a quantum-theoretical feature that has been known since the 1930s. It is determined using the Huckel tight-binding molecular orbital (HMO) method. In 1978, a modified definition of the total π-electron energy was introduced, which is now known as the graph energy. It is calculated by summing the absolute values of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix. Quiet Recently in the year 2022, Gutman extended the concept of conjugated systems to hetero-conjugated systems which is the extension of ordinary graph energy to energy of graph with self loops. Let Gσ be an order (vertices) 'p' graph with 'q' edges and σ- self loops. The adjacency matrix of Gσ is defined by A(Gσ)=(aij) if vi∼adjvj then aij=1; if vi=vj where vi∈Vσ then aii=1 and zero otherwise, where Vσ represents the set of all vertices with loops. Then the energy of graph with self loops is defined as E(Gσ)=∑|λi-σ/p|. In this paper, we aim to analyze the adjacency and Laplacian spectra of certain non-simple standard graphs that contain self-loops. We also calculate the energy and Laplacian energy of these graphs with loops. Furthermore, we derive lower bounds for the energy of any graph containing loops and develop a MATLAB algorithm to calculate these quantities for selected non-simple standard graphs with self-loops. Our study evaluates the strength of a graph by considering the presence of loops, which are edges that connect a vertex to itself. This approach accounts for the impact of each vertex on the entire structure of the graph. By analyzing the energy of a graph with loops, we can gain a better understanding of its distinctive characteristics and behavior.

Comparison of phenotypic and genotypic frequency of phosphine resistance in select field populations of Tribolium castaneum from India.

BACKGROUND: Tribolium castaneum causes substantial damage to stored grains, leading to economic losses. The present study evaluates phosphine resistance in adult and larval stages of T. castaneum from north and northeast India, where continuous and long-term phosphine use in large-scale storage conditions intensifies resistance, posing risks to grain quality, safety, and industry profitability. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study utilized T. castaneum bioassays and CAPS markers restriction digestion methodology to assess resistance. The phenotypic results indicated a lower LC50 value in larvae compared to adults, while the resistance ratio remained consistent across both stages. Similarly, the genotypic analysis revealed comparable resistance levels regardless of the developmental stage. We categorized the freshly collected populations based on resistance ratios, with Shillong showing weak resistance, Delhi and Sonipat displaying moderate resistance, and Karnal, Hapur, Moga, and Patiala exhibiting strong resistance to phosphine. Further validation by accessing findings and exploring the relationship between phenotypic and genotypic variations using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). This comprehensive study enhances our understanding of T. castaneum resistance levels, providing valuable insights for the development of targeted pest management strategies. CONCLUSION: This study provides insights into the current phenotypic and genotypic resistance levels of T. castaneum in North and North East India. Understanding this is crucial for developing effective pest management strategies and future research on biological and physiological aspects of phosphine resistance in insects, enabling the formulation of effective management practices. Addressing phosphine resistance is vital for sustainable pest management and the long-term viability of the agricultural and food industries.

Results on Certain Biopolymers Using M-Polynomial and NM-Polynomial of Topological Indices.

Topological indices are numerical descriptors that aid in the prediction of chemical molecules' physiochemical properties and biological actions. It is often helpful to forecast numerous physiochemical attributes and biological actions of molecules in chemometrics, bioinformatics, and biomedicine. In this paper, we establish the M-polynomial and NM-polynomial of some very familiar biopolymers, which are xanthan gum, gellan gum, and polyacrylamide. The uses of these biopolymers can increasingly take the place of traditional admixtures for the application of soil stability and enhancement. We recover the important topological degree-based indices. Also, we give diverse graphs of topological indices and their relations with the parameters of structures.

Assessment framework for the selection of a potential interactive dressing material for diabetic foot ulcer.

Diabetic foot ulcer is a chronic health issue leading to lower leg amputations in approximately 15% of patients with diabetics. There are many factors directly or indirectly involved in the physiology of wound healing but being a multisystem disorder, wound healing in diabetic patients retard or worsen with heavy exudates and severe microbial infections. Wound management is of prime importance and is an emerging area to incorporate wound regenerative materials in natural or synthetic dressing materials along with proper microbial control. The article aim to identify suitable dressing materials which exhibit inherent wound healing properties at the same time flexible to be used as drug carriers for slow, consistent and effective delivery of 'functional drugs' to the wound environment. The authors selected nine materials from the popular and well accepted dressings of patient choice, analyzed them using graph theoretic approach and ranked them on the basis of graph index values obtained. A critical review has also been done on the basis of their ranking, providing insights to the advantages, disadvantage and potential of top 5 ranked candidate materials. Alginate, Honey, Medifoam, Saline, and Hydrogel dressings were the top five candidate materials ranked respectively, even then, the authors suggests that 'modified hydrogels' can have the potential to be used as a future candidate in DFU treatment as it is the only material (among the top ranked ones) which can effectively used as regenerative drug carrier, while providing all other wound healing properties in relative proportions. The proposed framework can be modified and applied in the selection and ranking of materials for any kind of applications both in industry and medical fields by identifying factors influencing the final outcome of study and by listing the characteristics of the materials selected.