[Obtaining liposomal preparations of various biologically active substances by the method of detergent flow analysis]. / Poluchenie liposomal'nykh preparatov razlichnykh biologicheski aktivnykh veshchestv metodom detergentnogo protochnogo analiza.

It was shown that detergent dialysis could be successfully used for liposomal encapsulation of substances belonging to different chemical groups with diverse therapeutic activity such as rifampicin, aclarubicin, amphotericin B, pefloxacin and insulin. Liposome encapsulation of substances poorly soluble or insoluble in aqueous media was likely the most promising. The optimal incorporation depended on both the composition of the lipids forming the liposomes and the properties of the compounds being encapsulated.

A polyfunctional molecule produced by the conjugation of a synthetic polyion-immunostimulant with specific antigen and an inhibitor of mast cell activation: effects on histamine release.

Polyfunctional molecules were prepared by appropriate conjugation of three moities (1) a polyion-immunostimulant (copolymer of N-vinylpyrrolidone with vinylamine-VP/VA), (2) an inhibitor of mediator secretion from mast cells (diphenylquinone-DPQ) and (3) a specific allergen (ovalbumin-OV). The conjugate of VP/VA with DPQ dose-dependently inhibited histamine release from rat and mouse mast cells induced by the selective releasing agents compound 48/80, ionophore A23187 and specific allergen. The DPQ bound to the polyion was responsible for the inhibitory action of the conjugate. OV conjugated with VP/VA/DPQ (VP/VA/DPQ-OV) was a weaker histamine releaser than OV alone. An immunoenzymatic assay showed that the reduction of the histamine releasing activity of OV in the conjugate was not connected with an inhibition of the antibody binding activity of the OV. The data here presented demonstrate the possibility of creating a polyfunctional molecule (for e.g. hyposensitization) with a decreased ability to induce allergic reactions by inserting a functional group which inhibits histamine secretion into the molecule.

[Immunogenic activity of synthetic brucellosis antigens]. / Izuchenie immunogennoi aktivnosti iskusstvennykh brutselleznykh antigenov.

Experimental data obtained in this investigation indicate that the conjugation of Brucella protective antigen with a polymer carrier essentially increase the immunogenic properties of the antigen. Synthesized vaccinal preparations can be of interest for practical use, as these preparations, while inducing the development of intense immunity, do not impede the diagnosis of brucellosis by serological reactions. The comparative study of the conjugates of Brucella antigen with different carriers shows that the conjugated preparation obtained on the basis of modified dextran possesses high protective potency, which makes it possible to regard this carrier as very promising for further use.