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1.
Innovations (Phila) ; 13(6): 423-427, 2018.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30540591

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Conversion to sternotomy is a primary bailout method for robotically assisted coronary artery bypass grafting procedures. The aims of this study were to identify the primary reasons for conversion from robotically assisted coronary artery bypass grafting to sternotomy and to evaluate the in-hospital outcomes in such patients. METHODS: Prospectively collected data from February 2004 to April 2017 were reviewed for 72 patients (56 men; mean age = 63.8 years) who required conversion to sternotomy during a robotically assisted coronary artery bypass grafting procedure with planned endoscopic left internal thoracic artery harvest and anastomosis to the left anterior descending on the beating heart. RESULTS: The overall rate of conversion was 12.4% (72/581). Conversions occurred either during attempted endoscopic left internal thoracic artery harvest (31.9%), during endoscopic left anterior descending isolation (40.3%), during manual isolation and anastomosis of the left anterior descending (19.4%), or after anastomosis due to unsatisfactory flow (8.3%). Overall, the most common reason for conversion was an intramyocardial left anterior descending (43.1%). The median stay in the intensive care unit was 1 day (range = 0-20) and the median hospital length of stay was 5 days (range = 3-43). In-hospital complications included new atrial fibrillation (16.7%), need for blood transfusion (20.8%), mediastinitis (4.2%), postoperative myocardial infarction (2.8%), exploration for bleeding (2.8%), and 1 in-hospital death. CONCLUSIONS: The reasons for conversion were primarily related to anatomical factors that created difficulties for endoscopic left internal thoracic artery harvesting and left anterior descending identification. Patients who required conversion to sternotomy from robotically assisted coronary artery bypass grafting demonstrated acceptable outcomes and low complication rates.


Assuntos
Conversão para Cirurgia Aberta/estatística & dados numéricos , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/estatística & dados numéricos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/estatística & dados numéricos , Esternotomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Conversão para Cirurgia Aberta/mortalidade , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/efeitos adversos , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/métodos , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/mortalidade , Esternotomia/mortalidade , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Int J Med Robot ; 14(3): e1891, 2018 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29349908

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive robot-assisted direct coronary artery bypass (RADCAB) has emerged as a feasible minimally invasive surgical technique for revascularization that might offer several potential advantages over conventional approaches. We present our 18-year experience in RADCAB. METHODS: Between February 1998 and February 2016, 605 patients underwent RADCAB. Patients underwent post-procedural selective graft patency assessment using cardiac catheterization. RESULTS: The mortality rate was 0.3%. The rate of conversion to sternotomy for any cause was reduced from 16.0% of the first 200 cases to 6.9% of the last 405 patients. The patency rate of the LITA-to-LAD anastomosis was 97.4%. Surgical re-exploration for bleeding occurred in 1.8% of patients, and the transfusion rate was 9.2%. Average ICU stay was 1.2 ± 1.4 days, and average hospital stay was 4.8 ± 2.9 days. CONCLUSIONS: Robot-assisted coronary artery bypass grafting is safe, feasible and it seems to represent an effective alternative to traditional coronary artery bypass grafting in selected patients.


Assuntos
Ponte de Artéria Coronária/métodos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/métodos , Idoso , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Robóticos/mortalidade
3.
Innovations (Phila) ; 12(4): 231-238, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28763350

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aims of the study were to determine whether endoscopic harvesting of the radial artery (RA) reduces morbidity due to pain, infection, and disability with improvement in satisfaction and cosmesis compared to the conventional technique and (2) to compare the 6-month angiographic patency of the RA harvested conventionally and endoscopically. METHODS: In a prospective randomized study, 119 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting using the RA were randomized to have RA harvested either conventionally (n = 59) or endoscopically (n = 60). RESULTS: Radial artery harvest time (open wound time) was significantly reduced in the endoscopic group (36.5 ± 9.4 vs 57.7 ± 9.4 minutes, P < 0.001). Only one patient developed wound infection (1.6%) in the endoscopic group compared with six patients (10.2%), P = 0.061, in the conventional group. Although this was not statistically significant, clinically this was relevant in terms of reduction in postoperative morbidity. Postoperative pain in the arm incision was significantly lower in the endoscopic group at postoperative day 2 (P < 0.001) and at discharge (P < 0.001) and similar to the conventional open group at 6 weeks' follow-up (P = 0.103). Overall patient satisfaction and cosmesis were significantly better in the endoscopic group at postoperative day 2 (P < 0.001), at discharge (P < 0.001), and at 6 weeks' follow-up (P < 0.001). There was no difference in the arm disability postoperatively (P = 0.505) between the two groups. Six-month angiographic assessment of 23 patients (12 endoscopic and 11 open) revealed no difference in the patency rate (10/12 in endoscopic and 9/11 in open group). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic RA harvesting reduced the incidence of postoperative wound infection and wound pain and improved patient satisfaction and cosmesis compared with conventional harvesting technique. There was no difference in the 6-month angiographic patency of the RA harvested conventionally and endoscopically.


Assuntos
Ponte de Artéria Coronária/métodos , Endoscopia/métodos , Artéria Radial/transplante , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodos , Idoso , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/efeitos adversos , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Artéria Radial/cirurgia , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/efeitos adversos , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/estatística & dados numéricos
4.
Innovations (Phila) ; 10(2): 77-84, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25807170

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: From 2005 to 2007, 119 patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized controlled trial comparing open and endoscopically harvested radial arteries for coronary artery bypass grafting. The objective of the current study was to compare graft patency between intervention groups at more than 5 years from the initial trial. We hypothesized that endoscopically harvested radial arteries would show equivalent patency to those conventionally harvested. METHODS: At 5 years or greater from their operation, all consenting patients underwent a single-day anatomic and functional cardiac assessment with coronary computed tomography angiography and sestamibi myocardial perfusion scanning. Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Surveys and Seattle Angina Questionnaires were completed to assess the overall quality of life. All patients had received calcium channel blocker therapy for at least 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean (SD) duration of follow-up was 79.2 (8.6) months for all patients. One death occurred within 30 days of coronary artery bypass grafting in each treatment group, and eight additional noncardiac deaths occurred during the study time frame. Of 119 patients, 66 consented to follow-up. Thirty-two had open radial artery harvest, and 34 had endoscopic radial artery harvest. At more than 5 years, there were 28 patent conventionally harvested radial arteries (87.5%) and 31 patent endoscopically harvested radial arteries (91.2%) (P = 0.705). Measured quality of life was comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic radial artery harvest is safe and effective when compared with open radial artery harvest, with excellent graft patency demonstrated at more than 5 years. Patency results are noninferior in endoscopic radial artery harvest.


Assuntos
Ponte de Artéria Coronária/métodos , Endoscopia/métodos , Artéria Radial/transplante , Coleta de Tecidos e Órgãos/métodos , Grau de Desobstrução Vascular , Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/uso terapêutico , Angiografia Coronária/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida , Veia Safena/transplante , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
Innovations (Phila) ; 7(1): 23-32, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22576032

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the early systemic inflammatory response of the Resting Heart System (RHS; Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN USA), a miniaturized cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) system, with two groups using a standard extracorporeal circulation system during on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. METHODS: A total of 60 consecutive patients requiring CABG were prospectively randomized to undergo on-pump CABG using conventional CPB without cardiotomy suction (group A), conventional CPB with cardiotomy suction (group B), or the RHS (group C). Blood samples were collected at five time points: immediately before CPB, 30 minutes into CPB, immediately at the end of CPB, 30 minutes post-CPB, and 1 hour post-CPB. Inflammation was analyzed by changes in (a) levels of plasma proteins, including inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-α), chemokines (IL-8, monokine induced by interferon-γ, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted, and interferon-inducible protein-10), and acute phase proteins (C-reactive protein and complement protein 3); (b) biochemical variables (cardiac troponin I, hematocrit, and immunoglobulin G); and (c) cell numbers (leukocytes, neutrophils, and thrombocytes). RESULTS: The RHS showed more delayed secretion of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α and IL-10, chemokines monokine induced by interferon-γ (P < 0.001); IL-8, and interferon-inducible protein-10; and complement protein 3 than conventional CPB systems did. Median thrombocyte numbers were higher in the RHS group. Levels of cardiac troponin I, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and IL-6 were lower in both the RHS and conventional CPB without suction than with suction. Levels of C-reactive protein and regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted, plus leukocyte and neutrophil numbers, were similar in all groups. CONCLUSIONS: The Medtronic RHS may induce less systemic inflammation than conventional CPB systems, particularly when cardiotomy suction was used, but it did not result in improved clinical benefit.


Assuntos
Ponte Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Ponte Cardiopulmonar/métodos , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/efeitos adversos , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/métodos , Circulação Extracorpórea/métodos , Inflamação/diagnóstico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Citocinas/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Inflamação/sangue , Inflamação/etiologia , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/sangue , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Estudos Prospectivos
6.
Can J Cardiol ; 25(7): 425-7, 2009 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19584974

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Simultaneous integrated coronary artery revascularization combines coronary artery bypass surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention into a single procedure. This approach provides immediate, complete and optimal myocardial revascularization in a less invasive manner. Because simultaneous integrated coronary revascularization necessitates two distinct anticoagulation protocols for the surgical and percutaneous aspects of the procedure, combining these anticoagulation protocols carries a bleeding risk. Using a single anticoagulant to facilitate the necessities of both aspects of the integrated approach may alleviate this risk. CASE PRESENTATION: A 45-year-old man with an occluded left anterior descending artery and a moderately stenotic circumflex artery underwent simultaneous integrated coronary revascularization. Bivalirudin was used to achieve anticoagulation for the duration of the procedure. The patient was asymptomatic with excellent patency of both the bypass graft and the stented circumflex artery via angiography at 10 months. CONCLUSION: Bivalirudin can be used to effectively achieve a unified anticoagulation protocol for simultaneous integrated revascularization.


Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/tratamento farmacológico , Vasos Coronários , Revascularização Miocárdica , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/uso terapêutico , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico , Hirudinas , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêutico
7.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg ; 136(3): 702-8, 2008 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18805275

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Traditionally integrated coronary artery revascularization has been described as a 2-stage procedure. We evaluated the safety and feasibility of 1-stage, simultaneous, hybrid, robotically assisted coronary artery bypass grafting surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention. METHODS: Fifty-eight patients underwent simultaneous, integrated coronary artery revascularization in an operating theater equipped with angiographic equipment. Forty-five patients were men. The mean age was 59 years. All internal thoracic arteries were harvested with robotic assistance. All anastomoses were manually constructed through a small anterior non-rib-spreading incision without cardiopulmonary bypass on the beating heart. Immediately after and within the same operative suite, both angiographic confirmation of graft patency and percutaneous coronary intervention were performed. In 52 patients therapeutic anticoagulation was achieved with the direct thrombin inhibitor bivalirudin. RESULTS: There were no deaths or wound infections. There was 1 perioperative myocardial infarction. One patient had a stroke, and 3 patients required re-exploration for bleeding. The median lengths of intensive care and hospital stay were 1 and 4 days, respectively. All patients were alive and symptom free at follow-up (mean, 20.2 months; range, 1.1-40.8 months). Long-term angiographic follow-up in 54 patients showed 49 (91%) patent grafts (mean, 9.0 months; range, 4.3-40.8 months). There were 7 in-stent restenoses and 2 occluded stents. CONCLUSION: For multivessel coronary artery disease, simultaneous integrated coronary artery revascularization with bivalirudin is safe and feasible. This approach enables complete multivessel revascularization with decreased surgical trauma and postoperative morbidity. Further studies are necessary to better determine patient selection and long-term outcomes.


Assuntos
Angiografia Coronária , Revascularização Miocárdica/métodos , Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Ponte de Artéria Coronária , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Robótica , Resultado do Tratamento
8.
Heart Surg Forum ; 7(1): 1-4, 2004 Jan 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14980837

RESUMO

Abstract Background: Since the robot-assisted cardiac surgery program at this center was initiated in September 1998 the results have been regularly critically evaluated. We report a retrospective review of the first 100 robotic procedures and their evolution. Methods: Between September 1998 and May 2001, 146 patients underwent robot-assisted procedures. All procedures were performed using the Aesop robotically controlled camera or the Zeus robotic system. A harmonic scalpel was used for all internal thoracic artery (ITA) dissections whether the dissections were performed manually or with the Zeus robotic system. Results: There were 123 closed-heart and 23 open-heart procedures, which included 8 atrial-septal defect repairs, 11 mitral valve repairs, 4 mitral valve replacements, 57 Aesop ITA takedowns, 68 Zeus ITA takedowns, and 13 totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafts. Graft patency in Aesop and Zeus ITA takedown groups was 96%. All the patients were New York Heart Association class I after their procedures. Conclusion: With the development of surgical robots, it has been possible to perform endoscopic cardiac surgery for selected cases. Future directions will be demonstrated, including telementoring, telesurgery, and Zeus-assisted initiatives in cardiac surgery and other surgical disciplines.

10.
J Card Surg ; 17(6): 520-8, 2002.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12643463

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND AIM: We have shown that cumulative sum (CUSUM) failure analysis may be more sensitive than standard statistical methods in detecting a cluster of adverse patient outcomes after cardiac surgical procedures. We therefore applied CUSUM, as well as standard statistical techniques, to analyze a surgeon's experience with off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) and on-pump procedures to determine whether the two techniques have similar or different outcomes. METHODS: In 320 patients undergoing nonemergent, first time coronary artery bypass grafting, preoperative patient characteristics, rates of mortality and major complications, and ICU and hospital lengths of stay were compared between the on-pump and OPCAB cohorts using Fisher's exact tests and Wilcoxon two sample tests. Predicted mortality and length of stay were determined using previously validated models of the Cardiac Care Network of Ontario. Observed versus expected ratios of both variables were calculated for the two types of procedures. Furthermore, CUSUM curves were constructed for the on-pump and OPCAB cohorts. A multivariable analysis of the predictors of hospital length of stay was also performed to determine whether the type of coronary artery bypass procedure had an independent impact on this variable. RESULTS: The predicted mortality risk and predicted hospital length of stay were almost identical in the 208 on-pump patients (2.2 +/- 3.9%; 8.2 +/- 2.5 days) and the 112 OPCAB patients (2.0 +/- 2.2%; 7.8 +/- 2.1 days). The incidence of hospital mortality and postoperative stroke were 2.9% and 2.4% in on-pump patients versus zero in OPCAB patients (p = 0.09 and 0.17, respectively). Mechanical ventilation for greater than 48 hours was significantly less common in OPCAB (1.8%) than in on-pump patients (7.7%, p = 0.04). The rate of 10 major complications was 14.9% in on-pump versus 8.0% in OPCAB patients (p = 0.08). OPCAB patients experienced a hospital length of stay that was a median of 1.0 day shorter than on-pump patients (p = 0.01). The observed versus expected ratio for length of stay was 0.78 in OPCAB patients versus 0.95 in on-pump patients. On CUSUM analysis, the failure curve in OPCAB patients was negative and was flatter than that of on-pump patients throughout the duration of the study. Furthermore, OPCAB was an independent predictor of a reduced hospital length of stay on multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS: OPCAB was associated with better outcomes than on-pump coronary artery bypass despite a similar predicted risk. This robust finding was documented on sensitive CUSUM analysis, using standard statistical techniques and on a multivariable analysis of the independent predictors of hospital length of stay.


Assuntos
Ponte de Artéria Coronária , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/mortalidade , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/cirurgia , Risco Ajustado , Idoso , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Hemodinâmica/fisiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Taxa de Sobrevida , Falha de Tratamento
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